ASTM C1291-18
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Elevated Temperature Tensile Creep Strain, Creep Strain Rate, and Creep Time to Failure for Monolithic Advanced Ceramics
Standard Test Method for Elevated Temperature Tensile Creep Strain, Creep Strain Rate, and Creep Time to Failure for Monolithic Advanced Ceramics
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Creep tests measure the time-dependent deformation under force at a given temperature, and, by implication, the force-carrying capability of the material for limited deformations. Creep rupture tests, properly interpreted, provide a measure of the force-carrying capability of the material as a function of time and temperature. The two tests complement each other in defining the force-carrying capability of a material for a given period of time. In selecting materials and designing parts for service at elevated temperatures, the type of test data used will depend on the criteria for force-carrying capability that best defines the service usefulness of the material.
4.2 This test method may be used for material development, quality assurance, characterization, and design data generation.
4.3 High-strength, monolithic ceramic materials, generally characterized by small grain sizes (
4.4 Data obtained for design and predictive purposes shall be obtained using any appropriate combination of test methods that provide the most relevant information for the applications being considered. It is noted here that ceramic materials tend to creep more rapidly in tension than in compression (1-3).4 This difference results in time-dependent changes in the stress distribution and the position of the neutral axis when tests are conducted in flexure. As a consequence, deconvolution of flexural creep data to obtain the constitutive equations needed for design cannot be achieved without some degree of uncertainty concerning the form of the creep equations, and the magnitude of the creep rate in tension vis-a-vis the creep rate in compression. Therefore, creep data for design and life prediction shall be obtained in both tension and compression, as well as the expected service stress state.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of tensile creep strain, creep strain rate, and creep time to failure for advanced monolithic ceramics at elevated temperatures, typically between 1073 and 2073 K. A variety of test specimen geometries are included. The creep strain at a fixed temperature is evaluated from direct measurements of the gage length extension over the time of the test. The minimum creep strain rate, which may be invariant with time, is evaluated as a function of temperature and applied stress. Creep time to failure is also included in this test method.
1.2 This test method is for use with advanced ceramics that behave as macroscopically isotropic, homogeneous, continuous materials. While this test method is intended for use on monolithic ceramics, whisker- or particle-reinforced composite ceramics as well as low-volume-fraction discontinuous fiber-reinforced composite ceramics may also meet these macroscopic behavior assumptions. Continuous fiber-reinforced ceramic composites (CFCCs) do not behave as macroscopically isotropic, homogeneous, continuous materials, and application of this test method to these materials is not recommended.
1.3 The values in SI units are to be regarded as the standard (see IEEE/ASTM SI 10). The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C1291 − 18
Standard Test Method for
Elevated Temperature Tensile Creep Strain, Creep Strain
Rate, and Creep Time to Failure for Monolithic Advanced
1
Ceramics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1291; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.1 This test method covers the determination of tensile
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
creep strain, creep strain rate, and creep time to failure for
advanced monolithic ceramics at elevated temperatures, typi-
2. Referenced Documents
cally between 1073 and 2073 K. A variety of test specimen
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
geometriesareincluded.Thecreepstrainatafixedtemperature
C1145Terminology of Advanced Ceramics
is evaluated from direct measurements of the gage length
C1273Test Method for Tensile Strength of Monolithic
extension over the time of the test. The minimum creep strain
Advanced Ceramics at Ambient Temperatures
rate, which may be invariant with time, is evaluated as a
E4Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
function of temperature and applied stress. Creep time to
E6Terminology Relating to Methods of MechanicalTesting
failure is also included in this test method.
E83Practice for Verification and Classification of Exten-
1.2 This test method is for use with advanced ceramics that
someter Systems
behave as macroscopically isotropic, homogeneous, continu-
E139Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture,
ous materials. While this test method is intended for use on
and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials
monolithicceramics,whisker-orparticle-reinforcedcomposite
E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
ceramics as well as low-volume-fraction discontinuous fiber-
ASTM Test Methods
reinforced composite ceramics may also meet these macro-
E220Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By
scopic behavior assumptions. Continuous fiber-reinforced ce-
Comparison Techniques
ramic composites (CFCCs) do not behave as macroscopically
E230Specification and Temperature-Electromotive Force
isotropic, homogeneous, continuous materials, and application
(EMF) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
of this test method to these materials is not recommended.
E639Test Method for Measuring Total-Radiance Tempera-
ture of Heated Surfaces Using a Radiation Pyrometer
1.3 The values in SI units are to be regarded as the standard
3
(Withdrawn 2011)
(see IEEE/ASTM SI 10). The values given in parentheses are
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are pro-
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
vided for information only and are not considered standard.
E1012Practice for Verification of Testing Frame and Speci-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
men Alignment Under Tensile and Compressive Axial
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Force Application
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
IEEE/ASTM SI 10American National Standard for Use of
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
theInternationalSystemofUnits(SI):TheModernMetric
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
System
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- 3. Terminology
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1 Definitions—The definitions of terms relating to creep
testing which appear in Section E of Terminology E6 shall
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C28 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Advanced Ceramics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C28.01 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Mechanical Properties and Performance. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2018. Published January 2018. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as C1291– 16. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/C1291-18. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1291 − 16 C1291 − 18
Standard Test Method for
Elevated Temperature Tensile Creep Strain, Creep Strain
Rate, and Creep Time-to-Failure Time to Failure for
1
Monolithic Advanced Ceramics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1291; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of tensile creep strain, creep strain rate, and creep time-to-failure time to failure
for advanced monolithic ceramics at elevated temperatures, typically between 1073 and 2073 K. A variety of test specimen
geometries are included. The creep strain at a fixed temperature is evaluated from direct measurements of the gage length extension
over the time of the test. The minimum creep strain rate, which may be invariant with time, is evaluated as a function of
temperature and applied stress. Creep time-to-failure time to failure is also included in this test method.
1.2 This test method is for use with advanced ceramics that behave as macroscopically isotropic, homogeneous, continuous
materials. While this test method is intended for use on monolithic ceramics, whisker- or particle-reinforced composite ceramics
as well as low-volume-fraction discontinuous fiber-reinforced composite ceramics may also meet these macroscopic behavior
assumptions. Continuous fiber-reinforced ceramic composites (CFCCs) do not behave as macroscopically isotropic, homogeneous,
continuous materials, and application of this test method to these materials is not recommended.
1.3 The values in SI units are to be regarded as the standard (see IEEE/ASTM SI 10). The values given in parentheses are
mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C1145 Terminology of Advanced Ceramics
C1273 Test Method for Tensile Strength of Monolithic Advanced Ceramics at Ambient Temperatures
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
E83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Extensometer Systems
E139 Test Methods for Conducting Creep, Creep-Rupture, and Stress-Rupture Tests of Metallic Materials
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E220 Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By Comparison Techniques
E230 Specification and Temperature-Electromotive Force (EMF) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
E639 Test Method for Measuring Total-Radiance Temperature of Heated Surfaces Using a Radiation Pyrometer (Withdrawn
3
2011)
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C28 on Advanced Ceramics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C28.01 on Mechanical
Properties and Performance.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2016Jan. 1, 2018. Published October 2016January 2018. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20102016 as
C1291 – 00a (2010). 16. DOI: 10.1520/C1291-16.10.1520/C1291-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1291 − 18
E1012 Practice for Verification of Testi
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.