ASTM F1426-20
(Practice)Standard Practice for Identifying Tire Tread Surface Irregular Wear Patterns Resulting from Tire Use
Standard Practice for Identifying Tire Tread Surface Irregular Wear Patterns Resulting from Tire Use
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This practice fulfills the need for a standardized system for identifying and describing the tread pattern features of tires that are characteristic of intermediate states of treadwear short of total wear out. This descriptive capability is especially important in testing programs devoted to the development of improved performance tires. It is also important in assessing and evaluating tires after periods of typical tire usage.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides the instructions and nomenclature to evaluate the wear features of the tread pattern on a tire for some intermediate state prior to wear out.
1.2 A tire may be characterized by certain worn tread pattern conditions that are collectively referred to as “irregular wear” features. Definitions for these features are given in a special logical and conceptual sequence. First, basic tread pattern definitions are given. Then, additional tread pattern definitions directly related to the basic tread pattern definitions are given. Understanding these secondary definitions requires the knowledge of the basic definitions.
1.3 Based on the terms of this developed system of tread pattern definitions or descriptions, a set of treadwear descriptions is presented that encompasses both regular wear and irregular wear features.
1.4 This hierarchical arrangement produces the accurate and concise definitions needed to evaluate the complex irregular wear conditions of tires.
1.5 See Fig. 1 for tread pattern features or characteristics. See Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 for typical illustrations of regular or uniform and irregular treadwear features.
FIG. 1 Tread Pattern Characteristics
FIG. 2 Uniform or Regular Wear
FIG. 3 Types of Irregular Wear
FIG. 3 Types of Irregular Wear (continued)
FIG. 3 Types of Irregular Wear (continued)
FIG. 3 Types of Irregular Wear (continued)
FIG. 3 Types of Irregular Wear (continued)
Note 1: Images courtesy of The Technology & Maintenance Council of the American Trucking Associations, reference Radial Tire Conditions Analysis Guide, Item # T0121. For more information, contact TMC: (703) 838-1763; tmc@trucking.org; http://tmc.trucking.org.
Note 2: Images courtesy of the Tire Industry Association, reference Passenger and Light Truck Tire Conditions Manual, www.tireindustry.org.
Note 3: In illustrations (h), (l), and (m), the ‘light’ or ‘featureless’ areas indicate high wear rate zones.
Note 4: Images courtesy of the U.S. Tire Manufacturers Association, reference Care and Service of Passenger and Light Truck Tires Manual, www.ustires.org.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F1426 − 20
Standard Practice for
Identifying Tire Tread Surface Irregular Wear Patterns
1
Resulting from Tire Use
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1426; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
One of the main performance characteristics of tires is the treadlife, defined as the number of
kilometers or miles to wear-out, or where the condition of the tread pattern requires the removal of the
tire. Before reaching the condition called “wear-out,” intermediate conditions of treadwear are
frequently encountered, both in tire testing and in normal tire use, that are characterized by complex
topological tread pattern features usually called “irregular wear.” When irregular wear is present,
certain other tire performance features, such as noise and handling, may be affected. Therefore, it is
important in tire development testing and the assessment of tire use performance to be able to describe
accurately the condition of the worn surface of tires.
Over the years, different descriptive names have been given to these worn tread pattern features.A
standardized nomenclature system is needed to be able to identify the features that are present and
describe the intensity or magnitude of these features. This practice is intended to give sufficient
instructions to permit an evaluation of irregular wear. To describe adequately the features of these
tread patterns, it is necessary to develop a special logical progressive sequence of definitions or
descriptions.
1. Scope 1.5 See Fig. 1 for tread pattern features or characteristics.
See Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 for typical illustrations of regular or
1.1 Thispracticeprovidestheinstructionsandnomenclature
uniform and irregular treadwear features.
to evaluate the wear features of the tread pattern on a tire for
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
some intermediate state prior to wear out.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.2 A tire may be characterized by certain worn tread
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
pattern conditions that are collectively referred to as “irregular
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
wear” features. Definitions for these features are given in a
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
special logical and conceptual sequence. First, basic tread
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
pattern definitions are given. Then, additional tread pattern
definitions directly related to the basic tread pattern definitions
2. Referenced Documents
are given. Understanding these secondary definitions requires
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the knowledge of the basic definitions.
F538 Terminology Relating to the Characteristics and Per-
1.3 Based on the terms of this developed system of tread
formance of Tires
pattern definitions or descriptions, a set of treadwear descrip-
tions is presented that encompasses both regular wear and
3. Significance and Use
irregular wear features.
3.1 This practice fulfills the need for a standardized system
1.4 Thishierarchicalarrangementproducestheaccurateand
for identifying and describing the tread pattern features of tires
concise definitions needed to evaluate the complex irregular
that are characteristic of intermediate states of treadwear short
wear conditions of tires.
of total wear out. This descriptive capability is especially
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F09 on Tires and is
2
the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F09.94 on Terminology. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2020. Published February 2020. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as F1426 – 11. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/F1426-20. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1426 − 20
FIG. 1 Tread Pattern Characteristics
unmounted (off a rim), but it is recommended that tires be
mounted and inflated to normal recommended inflation pres-
sure.
5.2 Position the tire to be evaluated in a vertical orientation
(that is, the plane of the tire is vertical) on a fixtur
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1426 − 11 F1426 − 20
Standard Practice for
Identifying Tire Tread Surface Irregular Wear Patterns
1
Resulting from Tire Use
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1426; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
One of the main performance characteristics of tires is the treadlife, defined as the number of
kilometreskilometers or miles to wear-out, or where the condition of the tread pattern requires the
removal of the tire. Before reaching the condition called “wear-out,” intermediate conditions of
treadwear are frequently encountered, both in tire testing and in normal tire use, that are characterized
by complex topological tread pattern features usually called “irregular wear.” When irregular wear is
present, certain other tire performance features, such as noise and handling, may fall below acceptable
norms. be affected. Therefore, it is important in tire development testing and the assessment of tire use
performance to be able to describe accurately the condition of the worn surface of tires.
Over the years, different descriptive names have been given to these worn tread pattern features. A
standardized nomenclature system is needed to be able to identify the features that are present and
describe the intensity or magnitude of these features. This practice is intended to give sufficient
instructions to permit an evaluation of irregular wear. To describe adequately the features of these
tread patterns, it is necessary to develop a special logical progressive sequence of definitions or
descriptions.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice provides the instructions and nomenclature to evaluate the wear features of the tread pattern on a tire for some
intermediate state short of total prior to wear out.
1.2 A tire may be characterized by certain worn tread pattern conditions that are collectively referred to as “irregular wear”
features. Definitions for these features are given in a special logical and conceptual sequence. First, basic tread pattern definitions
are given. Then, additional tread pattern definitions directly related to the basic tread pattern definitions are given. Understanding
these secondary definitions requires the knowledge of the basic definitions.
1.3 Based on the terms of this developed system of tread pattern definitions or descriptions, a set of treadwear descriptions is
presented that encompasses both regular wear and irregular wear features.
1.4 This hierarchical arrangement produces the accurate and concise definitions needed to evaluate the complex irregular wear
conditions of tires.
1.5 See Fig. 1 for tread pattern features or characteristics. See Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 for typical illustrations of regular or uniform
and irregular treadwear features.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F538 Terminology Relating to the Characteristics and Performance of Tires
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F09 on Tires and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F09.94 on Terminology.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011Jan. 1, 2020. Published November 2011February 2020. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 20032011
as F1426 – 94 (2003).F1426 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/F1426-11.10.1520/F1426-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1426 − 20
FIG. 1 Tread Pattern Characteristics
FIG. 2 Uniform or Regular Wear
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This practice fulfills the need for a standardized system for identifying and describing the tread pattern features of tires that
are characteristic of intermediate states of treadwear short of total wear ou
...
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