ASTM C1359-13
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Monotonic Tensile Strength Testing of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramics With Solid Rectangular Cross-Section Test Specimens at Elevated Temperatures
Standard Test Method for Monotonic Tensile Strength Testing of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramics With Solid Rectangular Cross-Section Test Specimens at Elevated Temperatures
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method may be used for material development, material comparison, quality assurance, characterization, reliability assessment, and design data generation.
4.2 Continuous fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites generally characterized by crystalline matrices and ceramic fiber reinforcements are candidate materials for structural applications requiring high degrees of wear and corrosion resistance, and elevated-temperature inherent damage tolerance (that is, toughness). In addition, continuous fiber-reinforced glass (amorphous) matrix composites are candidate materials for similar but possibly less-demanding applications. Although flexural test methods are commonly used to evaluate strengths of monolithic advanced ceramics, the non-uniform stress distribution of the flexure test specimen in addition to dissimilar mechanical behavior in tension and compression for CFCCs leads to ambiguity of interpretation of strength results obtained from flexure tests for CFCCs. Uniaxially-loaded tensile-strength tests provide information on mechanical behavior and strength for a uniformly stressed material.
4.3 Unlike monolithic advanced ceramics that fracture catastrophically from a single dominant flaw, CFCCs generally experience ′graceful' (that is, non-catastrophic, ductile-like stress-strain behavior) fracture from a cumulative damage process. Therefore, the volume of material subjected to a uniform tensile stress for a single uniaxially-loaded tensile test may not be as significant a factor in determining the ultimate strengths of CFCCs. However, the need to test a statistically significant number of tensile test specimens is not obviated. Therefore, because of the probabilistic nature of the strengths of the brittle fibers and matrices of CFCCs, a sufficient number of test specimens at each testing condition is required for statistical analysis and design. Studies to determine the influence of test specimen volume or surface area on strength distributio...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of tensile strength including stress-strain behavior under monotonic uniaxial loading of continuous fiber-reinforced advanced ceramics at elevated temperatures. This test method addresses, but is not restricted to, various suggested test specimen geometries as listed in the appendix. In addition, test specimen fabrication methods, testing modes (force, displacement, or strain control), testing rates (force rate, stress rate, displacement rate, or strain rate), allowable bending, temperature control, temperature gradients, and data collection and reporting procedures are addressed. Tensile strength as used in this test method refers to the tensile strength obtained under monotonic uniaxial loading where monotonic refers to a continuous nonstop test rate with no reversals from test initiation to final fracture.
1.2 This test method applies primarily to advanced ceramic matrix composites with continuous fiber reinforcement: uni-directional (1-D), bi-directional (2-D), and tri-directional (3-D) or other multi-directional reinforcements. In addition, this test method may also be used with glass (amorphous) matrix composites with 1-D, 2-D, 3-D and other multi-directional continuous fiber reinforcements. This test method does not directly address discontinuous fiber-reinforced, whisker-reinforced, or particulate-reinforced ceramics, although the test methods detailed here may be equally applicable to these composites.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard and are in accordance with .
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Refer to Section 7 for specific precautions.
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Designation: C1359 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Monotonic Tensile Strength Testing of Continuous Fiber-
Reinforced Advanced Ceramics With Solid Rectangular
1
Cross-Section Test Specimens at Elevated Temperatures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1359; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Refer to Section 7
for specific precautions.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of tensile
strength including stress-strain behavior under monotonic uni-
2. Referenced Documents
axialloadingofcontinuousfiber-reinforcedadvancedceramics
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
atelevatedtemperatures.Thistestmethodaddresses,butisnot
C1145Terminology of Advanced Ceramics
restricted to, various suggested test specimen geometries as
D3878Terminology for Composite Materials
listed in the appendix. In addition, test specimen fabrication
D6856/D6856MGuide for Testing Fabric-Reinforced “Tex-
methods,testingmodes(force,displacement,orstraincontrol),
tile” Composite Materials
testing rates (force rate, stress rate, displacement rate, or strain
E4Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
rate), allowable bending, temperature control, temperature
E6Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
gradients, and data collection and reporting procedures are
E21TestMethodsforElevatedTemperatureTensionTestsof
addressed.Tensile strength as used in this test method refers to
Metallic Materials
the tensile strength obtained under monotonic uniaxial loading
E83Practice for Verification and Classification of Exten-
where monotonic refers to a continuous nonstop test rate with
someter Systems
no reversals from test initiation to final fracture.
E220Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By
1.2 This test method applies primarily to advanced ceramic
Comparison Techniques
matrix composites with continuous fiber reinforcement: uni-
E337Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psy-
directional(1-D),bi-directional(2-D),andtri-directional(3-D)
chrometer (the Measurement of Wet- and Dry-Bulb Tem-
or other multi-directional reinforcements. In addition, this test
peratures)
method may also be used with glass (amorphous) matrix
E1012Practice for Verification of Testing Frame and Speci-
composites with 1-D, 2-D, 3-D and other multi-directional
men Alignment Under Tensile and Compressive Axial
continuous fiber reinforcements. This test method does not
Force Application
directly address discontinuous fiber-reinforced, whisker-
SI 10-02 IEEE/ASTM SI 10 American National Standard
reinforced,orparticulate-reinforcedceramics,althoughthetest
for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The
methods detailed here may be equally applicable to these
Modern Metric System
composites.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the 3. Terminology
standard and are in accordance with SI 10-02 IEEE/ASTM SI
3.1 Definitions:
10 .
3.1.1 Definitions of terms relating to tensile testing, ad-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
vanced ceramics, fiber-reinforced composites as they appear in
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Terminology E6, Terminology C1145, and Terminology
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D3878, respectively, apply to the terms used in this test
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
method. Pertinent definitions are shown in the following with
the appropriate source given in parentheses. Additional terms
used in conjunction with this test method are defined in 3.2.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C28 on
Advanced Ceramics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C28.07 on
2
Ceramic Matrix Composites. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2013. Published April 2013. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C1359–11. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C1359-13. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1359 − 13
–3
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: 3.2.12 modulus of toughness [FLL ], n—strain energy per
unit volume required to stress the material from zero to final
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1359 − 11 C1359 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Monotonic Tensile Strength Testing of Continuous Fiber-
Reinforced Advanced Ceramics With Solid Rectangular
1
Cross-Section Test Specimens at Elevated Temperatures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1359; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of tensile strength including stress-strain behavior under monotonic uniaxial
loading of continuous fiber-reinforced advanced ceramics at elevated temperatures. This test method addresses, but is not restricted
to, various suggested test specimen geometries as listed in the appendix. In addition, test specimen fabrication methods, testing
modes (force, displacement, or strain control), testing rates (force rate, stress rate, displacement rate, or strain rate), allowable
bending, temperature control, temperature gradients, and data collection and reporting procedures are addressed. Tensile strength
as used in this test method refers to the tensile strength obtained under monotonic uniaxial loading where monotonic refers to a
continuous nonstop test rate with no reversals from test initiation to final fracture.
1.2 This test method applies primarily to advanced ceramic matrix composites with continuous fiber reinforcement:
uni-directional (1-D), bi-directional (2-D), and tri-directional (3-D) or other multi-directional reinforcements. In addition, this test
method may also be used with glass (amorphous) matrix composites with 1-D, 2-D, 3-D and other multi-directional continuous
fiber reinforcements. This test method does not directly address discontinuous fiber-reinforced, whisker-reinforced, or particulate-
reinforced ceramics, although the test methods detailed here may be equally applicable to these composites.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard and are in accordance with .
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Refer to Section 7 for specific precautions.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C1145 Terminology of Advanced Ceramics
D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials
D6856/D6856M Guide for Testing Fabric-Reinforced “Textile” Composite Materials
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
E21 Test Methods for Elevated Temperature Tension Tests of Metallic Materials
E83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Extensometer Systems
E220 Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By Comparison Techniques
E337 Test Method for Measuring Humidity with a Psychrometer (the Measurement of Wet- and Dry-Bulb Temperatures)
E1012 Practice for Verification of Testing Frame and Specimen Alignment Under Tensile and Compressive Axial Force
Application
SI10-02 IEEE/ASTM SI 10 American National Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric
System
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C28 on Advanced Ceramics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C28.07 on Ceramic Matrix
Composites.
Current edition approved July 15, 2011Feb. 15, 2013. Published August 2011April 2013. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20052011 as
C1359 – 05.C1359 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/C1359-11.10.1520/C1359-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1359 − 13
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 Definitions of terms relating to tensile testing, advanced ceramics, fiber-reinforced composites as they appear in
Terminology E6, Terminology C1145, and Terminology D3878, respectively, apply to the terms used in this t
...
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