ASTM D5135-14
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Analysis of Styrene by Capillary Gas Chromatography
Standard Test Method for Analysis of Styrene by Capillary Gas Chromatography
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is designed to obtain styrene purity on the basis of impurities normally present in styrene and may be used for final product inspections and process control.
5.2 This test method will detect the impurities shown in Table 1, non-aromatic hydrocarbons containing ten carbons or less, and others where specific impurity standards are available. Absolute purity cannot be determined if unknown impurities are present.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the impurities typically found in styrene and uses those values to determine the purity of styrene by difference by gas chromatography. Typical impurities in commercial styrene are found in Table 1. TABLE 1 Impurities Known or Suggested to be Present in Commercial Styrene
Ethylbenzene
o-xylene
m-xylene
p-xylene
Isopropylbenzene
n-propylbenzene
m-ethyltoluene
p-ethyltoluene
α-methylstyrene
m-vinyltoluene
p-vinyltoluene
Phenylacetylene
1.2 This test method is applicable to impurity concentrations in the range of 0.001 to 1.00 % and for styrene purities of 99 % or higher when using the internal standard procedure.
1.3 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specifications, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Section 9.
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Designation: D5135 − 14
StandardTest Method for
1
Analysis of Styrene by Capillary Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5135; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Procedures for Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Ma-
terials
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the impu-
E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
rities typically found in styrene and uses those values to
Determine Conformance with Specifications
determine the purity of styrene by difference by gas chroma-
E355PracticeforGasChromatographyTermsandRelation-
tography. Typical impurities in commercial styrene are found
ships
in Table 1.
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
1.2 This test method is applicable to impurity concentra-
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
tionsintherangeof0.001to1.00%andforstyrenepuritiesof
E1510Practice for Installing Fused Silica Open Tubular
99% or higher when using the internal standard procedure.
Capillary Columns in Gas Chromatographs
1.3 In determining the conformance of the test results using
2.2 Other Document
this method to applicable specifications, results shall be
OSHA Regulations, 29 CFRparagraphs 1910.1000 and
3
rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of
1910.1200
Practice E29.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as 3. Terminology
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.1 SeeTerminology D4790 for definitions of terms used in
standard.
this test method.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all the safety
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
4. Summary of Test Method
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
4.1 Inthistestmethod,thechromatogrampeakareaforeach
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
impurity is compared to the peak area of the internal standard
limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see
(n-heptaneorothersuitableknown)addedtothesample.From
Section 9.
the response factors of these impurities relative to that of the
internal standard and the amount of internal standard added,
2. Referenced Documents
the concentration of the impurities are calculated. The styrene
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
content is obtained by subtracting the total amount of all
D3437Practice for Sampling and Handling Liquid Cyclic
impurities from 100.00.
Products
D4307Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as
5. Significance and Use
Analytical Standards
D4790Terminology ofAromatic Hydrocarbons and Related
5.1 This test method is designed to obtain styrene purity on
Chemicals
the basis of impurities normally present in styrene and may be
D6809Guide for Quality Control and Quality Assurance
used for final product inspections and process control.
5.2 This test method will detect the impurities shown in
1
Table 1, non-aromatic hydrocarbons containing ten carbons or
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 on
Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of
less,andotherswherespecificimpuritystandardsareavailable.
Subcommittee D16.07 on Styrene, Ethylbenzene and C9 and C10 Aromatic
Absolute purity cannot be determined if unknown impurities
Hydrocarbons.
are present.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2014. Published February 2014. Originally
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D5135–07. DOI:
10.1520/D5135-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
the ASTM website. www.access.gpo.gov.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5135 − 14
TABLE 1 Impurities Known or Suggested to be Present in
as 1,4-dioxane, may be reported separately. In those cases, the
Commercial Styrene
grouping would not include the separately reported
Ethylbenzene
component(s), and the remaining non-aromatics would be
o-xylene
reported as “Nonaromatics other than (component(s)).”
m-xylene
p-xylene 7.2.2 “TotalC9–plusaromatics”aredefinedascumene,plus
Isopropylbenzene
all components eluting after o-xyle
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5135 − 07 D5135 − 14
Standard Test Method for
1
Analysis of Styrene by Capillary Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5135; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the impurities typically found in styrene and uses those values to determine
the purity of styrene by difference by gas chromatography. Typical impurities in commercial styrene are found in Table 1.
1.2 This test method is applicable to impurity concentrations in the range of 0.001 to 1.00 % and for styrene purities of 99 %
or higher when using the internal standard procedure.
1.3 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specifications, results shall be rounded
off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of
the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Section 9.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D3437 Practice for Sampling and Handling Liquid Cyclic Products
D4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as Analytical Standards
D4790 Terminology of Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals
D6809 Guide for Quality Control and Quality Assurance Procedures for Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Materials
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Relationships
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E1510 Practice for Installing Fused Silica Open Tubular Capillary Columns in Gas Chromatographs
2.2 Other Document
3
OSHA Regulations, 29 CFR paragraphs 1910.1000 and 1910.1200
3. Terminology
3.1 See Terminology D4790 for definitions of terms used in this test method.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 In this test method, the chromatogram peak area for each impurity is compared to the peak area of the internal standard
(n-heptane or other suitable known) added to the sample. From the response factors of these impurities relative to that of the
internal standard and the amount of internal standard added, the concentration of the impurities are calculated. The styrene content
is obtained by subtracting the total amount of all impurities from 100.00.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 on Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D16.07 on Styrene, Ethylbenzene and C9 and C10 Aromatic Hydrocarbons.
Current edition approved June 1, 2007Feb. 1, 2014. Published June 2007February 2014. Originally approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 20022007 as
ε1
D5135 – 02D5135 – 07. . DOI: 10.1520/D5135-07.10.1520/D5135-14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
www.access.gpo.gov.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5135 − 14
TABLE 1 Impurities Known or Suggested to be Present in
Commercial Styrene
Ethylbenzene
o-xylene
m-xylene
p-xylene
Isopropylbenzene
n-propylbenzene
m-ethyltoluene
p-ethyltoluene
α-methylstyrene
m-vinyltoluene
p-vinyltoluene
Phenylacetylene
TABLE 2 Typical Instrument Parameters Recommended
Operating Conditions
Carrier gas helium
Carrier gas flow rate at 110°C, mL/min 1.2
Detector flame ionization
Detector temperature, °C 240
Injection port temperature, °C 230
Hydrogen flow rate, mL/min 30
Ai
...
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