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ASTM C181-03

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Workability Index of Fireclay and High-Alumina Plastic Refractories

Standard Test Method for Workability Index of Fireclay and High-Alumina Plastic Refractories

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Workability index serves as a measure of the facility with which plastic refractory materials can be rammed, gunned, or vibrated into place.  
Workability index is commonly used to control consistency of plastics during manufacture. It has also been found useful for specification acceptance by the consumer.  
The workability index determination can provide information for developing a plastic body. When a sample splits under impact at various water contents, it is an indication that the material is “short” or lacking in plasticity.  
Determinations on samples that split during impact will be difficult to reproduce. If the sample splits, the measurement is not a true indication of deformation. This should be noted in the report.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the workability index of fireclay and high-alumina plastic refractories by measuring the plastic deformation of a molded test specimen when subjected to impacts.
1.2  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2003
ICS
81.080 - Refractories
Technical Committee
C08 - Refractories
Drafting Committee
C08.09 - Monolithics
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C181-91(1997)e1 - Standard Test Method for Workability Index of Fireclay and High-Alumina Plastic Refractories
Effective Date
01-Nov-2003
Replaced By
ASTM C181-09 - Standard Test Method for Workability Index of Fireclay and High-Alumina Plastic Refractories
Effective Date
01-Sep-2009
Referred By
ASTM C673-97(2022) - Standard Classification of Fireclay and High-Alumina Plastic Refractories and Ramming Mixes
Effective Date
01-Nov-2003
Referred By
ASTM C1054-18 - Standard Practice for Pressing and Drying Refractory Plastic and Ramming Mix Specimens
Effective Date
01-Nov-2003
Referred By
ASTM C179-14(2019) - Standard Test Method for Drying and Firing Linear Change of Refractory Plastic and Ramming Mix Specimens
Effective Date
01-Nov-2003
Referred By
ASTM C71-12(2018) - Standard Terminology Relating to Refractories
Effective Date
01-Nov-2003

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ASTM C181-03 - Standard Test Method for Workability Index of Fireclay and High-Alumina Plastic RefractoriesASTM C181-03 - Standard Test Method for Workability Index of Fireclay and High-Alumina Plastic Refractories
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ASTM C181-03 - Standard Test Method for Workability Index of Fireclay and High-Alumina Plastic Refractories
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C 181 – 03
Standard Test Method for
Workability Index of Fireclay and High-Alumina Plastic
1
Refractories
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 181; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Apparatus
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the work- 4.1 Rammer—The apparatus shall consist of the device
3
ability index of fireclay and high-alumina plastic refractories known as the rammer for refractories (see Fig. 1). It shall
by measuring the plastic deformation of a molded test speci- consist essentially of a steel cylindrical mold 2.00 in. (50.8
men when subjected to impacts. mm) in inside diameter and 4.75 in. (120.6 mm) in length,
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the supported in a vertical position on the same axis as a shaft to
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the which shall be fastened a plunger that fits inside the mold.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- A 14-lb (6.4-kg) cylindrical weight slides on the same shaft
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- and is arranged to fall a distance of 2 in. (51 mm) before
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. engaging a collar fastened to the shaft.As shown in Fig. 1, the
weight may be raised by a manually rotated cam. Provision
2. Referenced Documents
shall be made to support the weight, thereby removing the load
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
from the vertical shaft by the installation of two hooks (having
D 2906 Practice for Statements on Precision and Bias for a 10-32 screw thread) in the top side of the weight in a position
Textiles
that enables them to engage with pins (having an 8-32 screw
thread) placed on each side of the upper portion of the
3. Significance and Use
framework, as shown in Fig. 1 and in detail in Fig. 2. A steel
4
3.1 Workability index serves as a measure of the facility
rule, one edge graduated in 0.02-in. (0.5-mm) increments,
with which plastic refractory materials can be rammed,
shall be attached (Note 1) to the rammer so that the position of
gunned, or vibrated into place.
the end of the vertical shaft can be read.The portion of the rule
3.2 Workability index is commonly used to control consis-
to be used shall be adjusted so that when the vertical shaft is in
tency of plastics during manufacture. It has also been found
the lowest position, its machined end is in alignment with the
useful for specification acceptance by the consumer.
graduation on the rule that represents the exact distance
3.3 The workability index determination can provide infor-
mation for developing a plastic body. When a sample splits
3
The rammer for refractories, Model 315-R, is available from Dietert Foundry
under impact at various water contents, it is an indication that
Testing Equipment, 9190 Roselawn Ave, Detroit, MI 48204. Accessory parts
the material is “short” or lacking in plasticity.
required for conduct of this test and calibration of the rammer include:
3.4 Determinations on samples that split during impact will
Test Equipment Part Number
be difficult to reproduce. If the sample splits, the measurement
Specimen tube 315-9
Cup pedestal 315-11
is not a true indication of deformation. This should be noted in
1.000 in. cup pedestal spacer block 315R-8
the report.
Stripping post 315-14
Specimen tube conditioner 315-30
Replacement swab for 315-30 315-02006
Liquid parting pattern spray 315-02007
1 Calibration Equipment Part Number
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on
Rammer foundation tester (includes impact rings, 307
Refractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.09 on Monolithic
micrometer, and test anvil)
Refractories.
Replacement impact rings 307-3A
Current edition approved November 1, 2003. Published January 2004. Originally
Master precision specimen tube 315-18
1
approved in 1943. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as C 181 – 91 (1997) e .
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM A suitable rule is the Lufkin Rule Co. Rule No. 2103-R, which is 6 in. (152
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on mm) in length and must be cut off at each end so that the desired portion of the
the ASTM website. graduations aligns with the shaft.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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