ASTM F1556-94(2002)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:F1556–94 (Reapproved2002)
Standard Guide for
Spinal Immobilization and Extrication (SPINE) Device
Characteristics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1556; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The objective of this guide is to begin to address the recognized need to support and immobilize the
components of the spine or spinal cord. Although this guide does not quantitatively address
performance standards for this device, it does address the characteristics of the device(s) used to
provide support and immobilization of the components of the central nervous system for the patient
suspected of receiving trauma to that body system.
1. Scope Pathogens; Final Rule
1.1 This guide covers minimum standards for devices,
3. Terminology
designated here as spinal immobilization and extrication de-
3.1 Definitions:
vice(s) (SPINED), commonly referred to as short spine board.
3.1.1 retention system—a retention system is an adjunct to
The SPINED is designed to be used as the platform for
or an integral part of the primary platform that allows the
immobilization and extrication of a patient with potential spine
patient to be securely attached to that platform used in
or spinal cord injury by emergency medical service personnel.
whatever configuration and size necessary to accomplish the
1.2 This guide does not identify specific degrees of limita-
goal, while still allowing reasonable and necessary access to
tion of motion achieved by placement of a SPINED on a
the patient.
patient. Definitive requirements for immobilization of the
3.1.2 spinal immobilization—spinal immobilization shall
spine, and, in particular, the degree of limitation associated
refer to immobilization of the spine and its contiguous struc-
with the use of a SPINED, have not been established in the
tures, the pelvis, and skull.
medical literature.
3.1.3 spine—the spine shall include the cervical, thoracic,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
lumbar, and sacral vertebrae.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.1 directions of movement—directions include flexion,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
extension, rotation, distraction, lateral motion, and axial com-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
pression motion.
2. Referenced Documents 3.2.2 immobilization—limitation of motion.
3.2.3 spinal immobilization and extrication device—a plat-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
form to which the patient can be secured, which will support
F 1177 Terminology Relating to Emergency Medical Ser-
the patient’s spine during immobilization and transportation.
vices
3.3 For definition of other terms used in this guide, refer to
2.2 Centers for Disease Control Standard:
Terminology F 1177.
Guidelines for Prevention of Transmission of HIV and HBV
to Healthcare and Public Safety Workers
4. Significance and Use
2.3 OSHA Standard:
4.1 The intent of this guide is to identify characteristics that
29 CFR 1910.1030 Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne
a SPINED shall possess.
4.2 As opposed to a full body spinal immobilization device,
the SPINED incorporates additional features that assist in the
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F30 on Emergency
Medical Services and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F30.01 on EMS
extrication of a victim from a confined
...