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ASTM D6362-98

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Certificates of Reference Materials for Water Analysis

Standard Practice for Certificates of Reference Materials for Water Analysis

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the information that must be provided on certificates of analysis of reference materials designated to support ASTM methods. It provides end users of these materials with a defined set of data that is required to be on a certificate of analysis and provides information to assist the end user in evaluating the independence of the material. Similarly, it provides the suppliers of reference materials with a consistent format of the presentation of certification data.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Dec-1998
ICS
13.060.45 - Examination of water in general
Technical Committee
D19 - Water
Drafting Committee
D19.02 - Quality Systems, Specification, and Statistics
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D6362-98(2003) - Standard Practice for Certificates of Reference Materials for Water Analysis
Effective Date
10-Aug-2003

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ASTM D6362-98 - Standard Practice for Certificates of Reference Materials for Water AnalysisASTM D6362-98 - Standard Practice for Certificates of Reference Materials for Water Analysis
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ASTM D6362-98 - Standard Practice for Certificates of Reference Materials for Water Analysis
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact
ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 6362 – 98
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Practice for
1
Certificates of Reference Materials for Water Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6362; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This practice covers the information that must be 4.1 This practice is designed to assist suppliers and users of
provided on certificates of analysis of reference materials reference materials by identifying the information necessary on
designated to support ASTM methods. It provides end users of the certificate of analysis of materials designated for use in
these materials with a defined set of data that is required to be ASTM test methods. This practice is specifically designed to
on a certificate of analysis and provides information to assist ensure that materials suitable for use as either calibration or
the end user in evaluating the independence of the material. quality control standards are available. This practice does not
Similarly, it provides the suppliers of reference materials with define a specific certification protocol, but rather provides
a consistent format for the presentation of certification data. guidance in the development of adequate data to support the
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the use of the material as either a calibration or quality control
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the standard. Suppliers are referred to ISO Guide 35 for guidelines
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- on acceptable certification protocols. End users are referred to
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- ISO Guide 31 for a more complete description of the elements
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. of typical certificates of analysis.
2. Referenced Documents 5. Certificate of Analysis
2.1 ASTM Standards: 5.1 The certificate of analysis is a summary of the analysis
2
D 1129 Terminology Relating to Water performed to support the designated use of the material. As a
E 826 Practice for Testing Homogeneity of Materials for the summary, the certificate must be brief, but it must provide
3
Development of Reference Materials sufficient information to allow the potential user of the material
2.2 ISO Standards to assess the suitability of the material for his intended use.
ISO Guide 30 Terms and definitions used in connection with Therefore, reference material suppliers are encouraged to
4
reference materials supply method information and analytical data in a summary
ISO Guide 31 Contents of certificates of reference materi- that clearly and unambiguously allows the user to make an
4
als informed decision about the suitability of the material. The use
ISO Guide 35 Certification of reference materials—General of terms as defined by ISO or ASTM is required.
4
and statistical principles 5.2 The certificate of analysis must be supported by a
4
ISO/REMCO N280 certification report for the material. The certification report
must contain the details of the analyses performed to develop
3. Terminology
the certified values reported on the certificate of analysis. It
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this prac-
must contain the method(s) used for analysis, details of the
tice, refer to Terminology D 1129 and ISO Guide 30 method of preparation, if appropriate, including gravimetric
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
data, supporting instrumental data, and the results of support-
3.2.1 prepared value, n—the best estimate of the concen- ing statistical analysis reported on the certificate of analysis.
tration of a given analyte based upon the purity of raw
The certification report must be provided to the end user of the
materials and the method of preparation of the material. material if requested.
6. Certificate Headings
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D–19 on Water and
6.1 The following sections detail the headings to be used on
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.02 on General Specifications,
Technical Resources, and Statistical Methods. the certificate of analysis. ASTM methods require the use of a
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 1998. Published March 1999.
diverse set of reference materials. Therefore, it is expected that
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
all headings will not be appropriate for all materials. However,
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol
...

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1.1 This test method covers the static determination of turbidity in water. Static refers to a sample that is removed from its source and tested in an isolated instrument. (See Section 4.)  
1.2 This test method is applicable to the measurement of turbidities greater than 1.0 turbidity unit (TU). The upper end of the measurement range was left undefined because different technologies described in this test method can cover very different ranges. The round robin study covered the range of 0 to 4000 turbidity units because instrument verification in this range can typically be covered by standards that can be consistently reproduced.  
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1.4 This test method does not purport to cover all available technologies for high-level turbidity measurement.  
1.5 This test method was tested on different natural waters and wastewater, and with standards that will serve as surrogates to samples. It is the user's responsibility to ensure the validity of this test method for waters of untested matrices.  
1.6 Depending on the constituents within a high-level sample, the proposed sample preparation and measurement methods may or may not be applicable. Those samples with the highest particle densities typically prove to be the most difficult to measure. In these cases, and alternative measurement method such as the process monitoring method can be consi...

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Standard Practice for Preparation of Sediment Samples for Chemical Analysis

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5.1 The chemical analysis of sediments, collected from such locations as streams, rivers, ponds, lakes, and oceans can provide information of environmental significance.  
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5.3 Standard methods for separating foreign objects to facilitate homogenization will minimize errors due to poor mixing and inclusion of extraneous material.  
5.4 Standardized procedures for drying provide a means for reporting analytical values to a common dry weight basis.
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1.1 This practice describes standard procedures for preparation of test samples (including the removal of occluded water and moisture) of field samples collected from locations such as streams, rivers, ponds, lakes, and oceans.  
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ASTM D5847-22(Practice)
Standard Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 In order to be certain that the end user of analytical results obtained from using an ASTM Committee D19 test method can be confident that the values have been obtained through a competent application of the test method, a demonstration of the proficiency of the analytical system shall be performed. Appropriate proficiency is demonstrated by achievement of performance criteria derived from results of the test method collaborative study. The QC measures specified in this practice shall be included in each ASTM test method, as applicable, to ensure the quality of measurements.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides specific, mandatory requirements for incorporating quality control (QC) procedures into all test methods under the jurisdiction of Committee D19.  
1.2 ASTM International has adopted the following:
Policy on implementation of requirements for a quality control section in standard test methods generated by Committee D19 on Water.  
GENERAL—By July 29, 1998, or at the next reapproval or revision, whichever is later, every D19 Standard Test Method shall contain a QC section that is in full compliance with the requirements of this practice.  
NEW COLLABORATIVE TESTING—As of July 29, 1998, each collaborative study design shall include a QC section as part of the method to be tested. Prior to approval of the study design, the Results Advisor or equivalent shall ascertain the appropriateness of the QC section in meeting the requirements of this practice and Practice D2777, and shall advise the designer of the study of any changes needed to fulfill the requirements of these practices. Before a collaborative study may be conducted, approval of the study design by the Results Advisor or equivalent shall be obtained.  
OLDER VALIDATED METHODS—Standard test methods that were validated using Practices D2777 – 77, D2777 – 86, or D2777 – 94, when balloted for reapproval or revision, shall contain a QC section based upon the best information from the historical record. Where appropriate, information derived from the record of the collaborative study shall be utilized for this purpose. The introduction of the QC section into these standard test methods shall not be construed as a requirement for a new collaborative study, though the Subcommittee may opt for such a study. Any information available regarding QC or precision/bias testing shall be included in the appropriate sections of the published test method.  
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5.1 This test provides an easy and reliable method for the detection of L. pneumophila in potable and non-potable waters in 7 days.  
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5.1 The transport of any suspended solids or corrosion products from the preboiler cycle has been shown to be detrimental to all types of steam generating equipment. Corrosion product transport as low as 10 ppb can have significant impact on steam generators performance.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice is applicable for sampling condensed steam or water, such as boiler feedwater, for the collection of suspended solids and (optional) ionic solids using a 0.45-μm membrane filter (suspended solids) and ion exchange media (ionic solids). As the major suspended component found in most boiler feedwaters is some form of corrosion product from the preboiler system, the device used for this practice is commonly called a corrosion product sampler.  
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ASTM D7366-08(2019)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Estimation of Measurement Uncertainty for Data from Regression-based Methods

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Appropriate application of this practice should result in an estimate of the test-method’s uncertainty (at any concentration within the working range), which can be compared with data-quality objectives to see if the uncertainty is acceptable.  
5.2 With data sets that compare recovered concentration with true concentration, the resulting regression plot allows the correction of the recovery data to true values. Reporting of such corrections is at the discretion of the user.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes a standard for computing the measurement uncertainty for applicable test methods in Committee D19 on Water. The practice does not provide a single-point estimate for the entire working range, but rather relates the uncertainty to concentration. The statistical technique of regression is employed during data analysis.  
1.2 Applicable test methods are those whose results come from regression-based methods and whose data are intra-laboratory (not inter-laboratory data, such as result from round-robin studies). For each analysis conducted using such a method, it is assumed that a fixed, reproducible amount of sample is introduced.  
1.3 Calculation of the measurement uncertainty involves the analysis of data collected to help characterize the analytical method over an appropriate concentration range. Example sources of data include: (1) calibration studies (which may or may not be conducted in pure solvent), (2) recovery studies (which typically are conducted in matrix and include all sample-preparation steps), and (3) collections of data obtained as part of the method’s ongoing Quality Control program. Use of multiple instruments, multiple operators, or both, and field-sampling protocols may or may not be reflected in the data.  
1.4 In any designed study whose data are to be used to calculate method uncertainty, the user should think carefully about what the study is trying to accomplish and much variation should be incorporated into the study. General guidance on designing studies (for example, calibration, recovery) is given in Appendix X1. Detailed guidelines on sources of variation are outside the scope of this practice, but general points to consider are included in Appendix X2, which is not intended to be exhaustive. With any study, the user must think carefully about the factors involved with conducting the analysis, and must realize that the computed measurement uncertainty will reflect the quality of the input data.  
1.5 Associated with the measurement uncertainty is a user-chosen level of statistical confidence.  
1.6 At any concentration in the working range, the measurement uncertainty is plus-or-minus the half-width of the prediction interval associated with the regression line.  
1.7 It is assumed that the user has access to a statistical software package for performing regression. A statistician should be consulted if assistance is needed in selecting such a program.  
1.8 A statistician also should be consulted if data transformations are being considered.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D3975-93(2019)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Development and Use (Preparation) of Samples for Collaborative Testing of Methods for Analysis of Sediments

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The objective of this practice is to provide guidelines for the preparation of samples for use in collaborative tests, to evaluate methods during their development, and for the evaluation of the precision and bias of proposed test methods.  
5.2 Statements of the precision and bias are a mandatory part of ASTM test methods. Such an evaluation is necessary to provide guidance to the user as to the reliability of measurements that can be expected by its use. The statements are developed on the basis of user experience (ordinarily collaborative tests) with the test method.  
5.3 The availability of test samples is a key requirement for collaborative evaluation of test methods.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes uniform general procedures for the development (preparation) and use of samples in the collaborative testing of methods for chemical analysis of sediments and similar materials.  
1.2 The principles of this practice are applicable to aqueous samples with suitable technical modifications.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D6362-98(2018)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Certificates of Reference Materials for Water Analysis

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is designed to assist suppliers and users of reference materials by identifying the information necessary on the certificate of analysis of materials designated for use in ASTM test methods. This practice is specifically designed to ensure that materials suitable for use as either calibration or quality control standards are available. This practice does not define a specific certification protocol, but rather provides guidance in the development of adequate data to support the use of the material as either a calibration or quality control standard. Suppliers are referred to ISO Guide 35 for guidelines on acceptable certification protocols. End users are referred to ISO Guide 31 for a more complete description of the elements of typical certificates of analysis.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the information that must be provided on certificates of analysis of reference materials designated to support ASTM methods. It provides end users of these materials with a defined set of data that is required to be on a certificate of analysis and provides information to assist the end user in evaluating the independence of the material. Similarly, it provides the suppliers of reference materials with a consistent format for the presentation of certification data.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM D6568-00(2018)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Planning, Carrying Out, and Reporting Traceable Chemical Analyses of Water Samples

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide establishes basic requirements which should be met by water and environmental laboratories that generate and report test chemical analyses which the laboratory client desires to be traceable to SI units (Note 1) or certified reference materials traceable to SI units. Traceability of chemical analyses is important because it provides a uniform basis for the comparison of results from different measurement systems and because it relates those results to our current knowledge of physical laws (Note 2).
Note 1: A certified reference material traceable to SI units is a certified reference material whose value can be related with a stated uncertainty through an unbroken change of comparisons to stated references (usually national or international standards) in SI units, such as a primary measurement made in SI units or a national standard certified in SI units.
Note 2: Not all chemical analysis results can be traceable to SI units or to certified reference material’s traceable to SI units, such as turbidity and or total suspended solids.  
4.2 Many waters-related laboratories comply with ISO Guide 17025 and participate in Proficiency Testing Programs. Laboratories that are connected to the same accreditation bodies and Proficiency Test providers can be expected to report statistically similar results on the same sample. However, some test methods and some certified reference materials are not supported with data traceable to SI units. Therefore, fully compliant laboratories that are not connected to the same providers may report statistically different chemical analysis results if they used the same nontraceable test method on the same sample. This problem could be minimized if they used test methods, measurement devices, and certified reference materials that are traceable to SI units, where available.  
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SCOPE
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Standard Guide for Reporting Results of Analysis of Water

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4.1 The proper use of analytical data requires adequate documentation of all inputs, that is, the source and history of the sample, laboratory performing the analysis, method of analysis, date of analysis, precision and bias of the measurements, and related quality assurance information.  
4.2 In order to have defensible data, the report must be complete and accurate, providing adequate information to evaluate the quality of the data and contain supporting information that documents sampling and analysis procedures.  
4.3 This guide contains some of the common data qualifiers or “flags” commonly used by laboratories following the good laboratory practices, the government contract program, or found in the commercial laboratories. Examples of these qualifiers are the use of (E) for estimated value, (U) for analyzed for but not detected, and (B) for analyte was found in the blank (see 8.11). The qualifiers included in this guide should help the laboratory and its customers to better understand each other by using standardized qualifiers.  
4.4 Practice D933 is a comprehensive practice for reporting water-formed constituents such as metal oxides, acid anhydrides, and others.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides guidelines for reporting inorganic and organic results of analyses of drinking water, waste water, process water, ground water, and surface water, and so forth, to laboratory clients in a complete and systematic fashion.  
1.2 The reporting of bacterial and radiological data are not addressed in this guide.  
1.3 The commonly used data qualifiers for reviewing and reporting information are listed and defined. Client and laboratory specific requirements may make use of other qualifiers. This guide does not preclude the use of other data qualifiers.  
1.4 This guide discusses procedures for and specific problems in the reporting of low level data, potential errors (Type I and Type II), and reporting data that are below the calculated method detection limit and above the analyte.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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