ASTM A214/A214M-19
(Specification)Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel Heat-Exchanger and Condenser Tubes
Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel Heat-Exchanger and Condenser Tubes
ABSTRACT
This specification covers minimum-wall-thickness carbon steel tubes proposed for use in heat exchangers, condensers, and similar heat-transfer apparatus. The materials under this specification shall be in accordance with other ASTM document enlisted herein unless otherwise provided. The tubes shall be manufactured by electric-resistance welding and shall undergo heat treatment. Mechanical testing of the specimens shall include a flattening test, flange test and a reverse flattening test. The specimens shall also be subjected to Brinell or Rockwell hardness test and hydrostatic or nondestructive electric test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers minimum-wall-thickness, electric-resistance-welded, carbon steel tubes to be used for heat exchangers, condensers, and similar heat-transfer apparatus.
1.2 The tubing sizes usually furnished to this specification are to 3 in. [76.2 mm] in outside diameter, inclusive. Tubing having other dimensions may be furnished, provided such tubes comply with all other requirements of this specification.
1.3 Mechanical property requirements do not apply to tubing smaller than 1/8 in. [3.2 mm] in inside diameter or 0.015 in. [0.4 mm] in thickness.
1.4 The purchaser shall specify in the order the outside diameter and minimum wall thickness. The inside diameter shall not be specified.
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 30-Apr-2019
- Technical Committee
- A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
- Drafting Committee
- A01.09 - Carbon Steel Tubular Products
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2023
- Effective Date
- 01-Sep-2018
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2010
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2009
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2007
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2004
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2004
- Effective Date
- 10-Sep-2003
- Effective Date
- 10-Oct-1996
- Referred By
ASTM F1264-16e1 - Standard Specification and Test Methods for Intramedullary Fixation Devices - Effective Date
- 01-May-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2019
- Referred By
ASTM F1155-10(2019) - Standard Practice for Selection and Application of Piping System Materials - Effective Date
- 01-May-2019
Overview
ASTM A214/A214M-19 is the internationally recognized standard specification for electric-resistance-welded (ERW) carbon steel tubes, designed primarily for use in heat exchangers, condensers, and similar heat-transfer equipment. Published by ASTM International, this standard establishes requirements for minimum-wall-thickness carbon steel tubing, covering both inch-pound and SI units. The standard ensures materials meet stringent criteria for weld integrity, wall thickness, mechanical properties, and chemical composition, making it crucial for quality and safety in heat-transfer applications.
Key Topics
Material Requirements
Tubes must be manufactured from carbon steel conforming to chemical composition specifications. Typical composition limits include:- Maximum carbon: 0.18%
- Manganese: 0.27% to 0.63%
- Phosphorus and sulfur: max 0.035% each
Manufacturing Process
The tubes are produced by electric-resistance welding. Following welding, tubes are heat treated at a minimum of 1650°F [900°C], with cooling in air or a controlled atmosphere as specified.Wall Thickness and Sizing
This standard covers tubes up to 3 inches [76.2 mm] in outside diameter. Other sizes may be supplied if they meet all requirements. Mechanical property requirements do not apply to tubing smaller than 1/8 inch [3.2 mm] in inside diameter or 0.015 inch [0.4 mm] in thickness.Testing and Inspection
Comprehensive test requirements reinforce quality, including:- Flattening test
- Flange test
- Reverse flattening test
- Hardness test (Brinell or Rockwell; max hardness 72 HRBW)
- Hydrostatic or nondestructive electric test (as specified by the purchaser)
- Product analysis for chemical composition
Marking and Identification
Tubes must be clearly marked with “ERW”, manufacturer’s identification, and may include bar coding for traceability.
Applications
Heat Exchangers
The robust wall thickness and ERW construction make these tubes reliable for thermal exchange systems in power plants, chemical processing, oil and gas refineries, and HVAC installations.Condensers
Used extensively in steam surface condensers, refrigeration, and air conditioning units, ASTM A214/A214M-19 tubes provide efficient fluid and gas heat transfer while maintaining pressure integrity.Other Heat-Transfer Equipment
The tubes are suitable for various industrial apparatus where consistent heat transfer performance and corrosion-resistant construction are required.
Related Standards
For optimal performance and procurement compliance, users should be aware of these related standards:
ASTM A450/A450M - Specification for General Requirements for Carbon and Low Alloy Steel Tubes
This standard supplies the general requirements referenced throughout ASTM A214/A214M-19, including product marking, certification, and additional test methods.ASME SA-214
The ASME-equivalent specification for boiler and pressure vessel code applications, aligning closely with ASTM A214/A214M requirements.ASTM A1016/A1016M
Standard specification often cited for general test procedures and tube tolerances.
By adhering to ASTM A214/A214M-19, manufacturers, engineers, and purchasers can ensure that heat-exchanger and condenser tubing delivers long-lasting performance, safety, and compliance within the critical infrastructure of energy, industrial, and HVAC sectors. For further details and updates, always refer to the latest official version from ASTM International.
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ASTM A214/A214M-19 - Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel Heat-Exchanger and Condenser Tubes
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM A214/A214M-19 is a technical specification published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel Heat-Exchanger and Condenser Tubes". This standard covers: ABSTRACT This specification covers minimum-wall-thickness carbon steel tubes proposed for use in heat exchangers, condensers, and similar heat-transfer apparatus. The materials under this specification shall be in accordance with other ASTM document enlisted herein unless otherwise provided. The tubes shall be manufactured by electric-resistance welding and shall undergo heat treatment. Mechanical testing of the specimens shall include a flattening test, flange test and a reverse flattening test. The specimens shall also be subjected to Brinell or Rockwell hardness test and hydrostatic or nondestructive electric test. SCOPE 1.1 This specification2 covers minimum-wall-thickness, electric-resistance-welded, carbon steel tubes to be used for heat exchangers, condensers, and similar heat-transfer apparatus. 1.2 The tubing sizes usually furnished to this specification are to 3 in. [76.2 mm] in outside diameter, inclusive. Tubing having other dimensions may be furnished, provided such tubes comply with all other requirements of this specification. 1.3 Mechanical property requirements do not apply to tubing smaller than 1/8 in. [3.2 mm] in inside diameter or 0.015 in. [0.4 mm] in thickness. 1.4 The purchaser shall specify in the order the outside diameter and minimum wall thickness. The inside diameter shall not be specified. 1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ABSTRACT This specification covers minimum-wall-thickness carbon steel tubes proposed for use in heat exchangers, condensers, and similar heat-transfer apparatus. The materials under this specification shall be in accordance with other ASTM document enlisted herein unless otherwise provided. The tubes shall be manufactured by electric-resistance welding and shall undergo heat treatment. Mechanical testing of the specimens shall include a flattening test, flange test and a reverse flattening test. The specimens shall also be subjected to Brinell or Rockwell hardness test and hydrostatic or nondestructive electric test. SCOPE 1.1 This specification2 covers minimum-wall-thickness, electric-resistance-welded, carbon steel tubes to be used for heat exchangers, condensers, and similar heat-transfer apparatus. 1.2 The tubing sizes usually furnished to this specification are to 3 in. [76.2 mm] in outside diameter, inclusive. Tubing having other dimensions may be furnished, provided such tubes comply with all other requirements of this specification. 1.3 Mechanical property requirements do not apply to tubing smaller than 1/8 in. [3.2 mm] in inside diameter or 0.015 in. [0.4 mm] in thickness. 1.4 The purchaser shall specify in the order the outside diameter and minimum wall thickness. The inside diameter shall not be specified. 1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM A214/A214M-19 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 23.040.10 - Iron and steel pipes. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM A214/A214M-19 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM A214/A214M-96(2018), ASTM A450/A450M-23, ASTM A450/A450M-18, ASTM A450/A450M-15, ASTM A450/A450M-10, ASTM A450/A450M-09, ASTM A450/A450M-07, ASTM A450/A450M-04a, ASTM A450/A450M-04, ASTM A450/A450M-03, ASTM A450/A450M-96a, ASTM F1264-16e1, ASTM A450/A450M-21, ASTM A498/A498M-17(2023), ASTM F1155-10(2019). Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM A214/A214M-19 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:A214/A214M −19
Standard Specification for
Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel Heat-Exchanger
and Condenser Tubes
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA214/A214M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This specification covers minimum-wall-thickness,
A450/A450M Specification for General Requirements for
electric-resistance-welded, carbon steel tubes to be used for
Carbon and Low Alloy Steel Tubes
heat exchangers, condensers, and similar heat-transfer appara-
tus.
3. Ordering Information
1.2 The tubing sizes usually furnished to this specification
3.1 Orders for material under this specification should
are to 3 in. [76.2 mm] in outside diameter, inclusive. Tubing
include the following, as required, to describe the desired
having other dimensions may be furnished, provided such
material adequately:
tubes comply with all other requirements of this specification.
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
3.1.2 Name of material (electric-resistance-welded tubes),
1.3 Mechanical property requirements do not apply to
3.1.3 Size (outside diameter and minimum wall thickness),
tubing smaller than ⁄8 in. [3.2 mm] in inside diameter or 0.015
3.1.4 Length (specific or random),
in. [0.4 mm] in thickness.
3.1.5 Optional requirements (Section 8 and 10.5),
1.4 The purchaser shall specify in the order the outside
3.1.6 Test report required (see Certification Section of
diameter and minimum wall thickness. The inside diameter
Specification A450/A450M),
shall not be specified.
3.1.7 Specification designation, and
3.1.8 Special requirements.
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
4. General Requirements
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must 4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the form to the applicable requirements of the current edition of
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi- Specification A450/A450M, unless otherwise provided herein.
cation. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”
designation of this specification is specified in the order. 5. Manufacture
5.1 Tubes shall be made by electric-resistance welding.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
6. Heat Treatment
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
6.1 After welding, all tubes shall be heat treated at a
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
temperature of 1650°F [900°C] or higher and followed by
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
cooling in air or in the cooling chamber of a controlled
atmosphere furnace. Cold drawn tubes shall be heat treated
after the final cold-draw pass at a temperature of 1200°F
[650°C] or higher.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.09 on Carbon Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved May 1, 2019. Published May 2019. Originally
approved in 1939. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as A214/A214M – 96 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
(2018). DOI: 10.1520/A0214_A0214M-19. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
cation SA-214 in Section II of that Code. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A214/A214M−19
7. Chemical Composition 10.3 Reverse Flattening Test—One reverse flattening test
shall be made on a specimen from each 1500 ft [450 m] of
7.1 The steel shall conform to the following requirements as
finished tubing.
to chemical composition:
10.4 Hardness Test—Brinell or Rockwell hardness test
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A214/A214M − 96 (Reapproved 2018) A214/A214M − 19
Standard Specification for
Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon Steel Heat-Exchanger
and Condenser Tubes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A214/A214M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This specification covers minimum-wall-thickness, electric-resistance-welded, carbon steel tubes to be used for heat
exchangers, condensers, and similar heat-transfer apparatus.
1.2 The tubing sizes usually furnished to this specification are to 3 in. [76.2 mm] in outside diameter, inclusive. Tubing having
other dimensions may be furnished, provided such tubes comply with all other requirements of this specification.
1.3 Mechanical property requirements do not apply to tubing smaller than ⁄8 in. [3.2 mm] in inside diameter or 0.015 in. [0.4
mm] in thickness.
1.4 The purchaser shall specify in the order the outside diameter and minimum wall thickness. The inside diameter shall not
be specified.
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. The
inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A450/A450M Specification for General Requirements for Carbon and Low Alloy Steel Tubes
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for material under this specification should include the following, as required, to describe the desired material
adequately:
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
3.1.2 Name of material (electric-resistance-welded tubes),
3.1.3 Size (outside diameter and minimum wall thickness),
3.1.4 Length (specific or random),
3.1.5 Optional requirements (Section 8 and 10.5),
3.1.6 Test report required (see Certification Section of Specification A450/A450M),
3.1.7 Specification designation, and
3.1.8 Special requirements.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.09
on Carbon Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2018May 1, 2019. Published October 2018May 2019. Originally approved in 1939. Last previous edition approved in 20122018 as
A214/A214M – 96 (2012).(2018). DOI: 10.1520/A0214_A0214M-96R18.10.1520/A0214_A0214M-19.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SA-214 in Section II of that Code.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A214/A214M − 19
4. General Requirements
4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall conform to the applicable requirements of the current edition of
Specification A450/A450M, unless otherwise provided herein.
5. Manufacture
5.1 Tubes shall be made by electric-resistance welding.
6. Heat Treatment
6.1 After welding, all tubes shall be heat treated at a temperature of 1650°F [900°C] or higher and followed by cooling in air
or in the cooling chamber of a controlled atmosphere furnace. Cold drawn tubes shall be heat treated after the final cold-draw pass
at a temperature of 1200°F [650°C] or higher.
7. Chemical Composition
7.1 The steel shall conform to the following requirements as to chemical composition:
Carbon, max % 0.18
Manganese, % 0.27 to 0.63
Phosphorus, max, % 0.035
Sulfur, max,
...
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