ASTM A53/A53M-24

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: A53/A53M − 24
Standard Specification for
Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and
Seamless
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A53/A53M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 1.3.2 When pipe is required for close coiling or cold
2 bending, Grade A is the preferred grade; however, this is not
1.1 This specification covers seamless and welded black
intended to prohibit the cold bending of Grade B pipe.
and hot-dipped galvanized steel pipe in NPS ⁄8 to NPS 26 [DN
1.3.3 Type E is furnished either nonexpanded or cold
6 to DN 650] (Note 1), inclusive, with nominal wall thickness
expanded at the option of the manufacturer.
(Note 2) as given in Table X2.2 and Table X2.3. It shall be
permissible to furnish pipe having other dimensions provided 1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
that such pipe complies with all other requirements of this are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
specification. Supplementary requirements of an optional na- each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
ture are provided and shall apply only when specified by the system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
purchaser. values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
with the standard.
NOTE 1—The dimensionless designators NPS (nominal pipe size) [DN
(diameter nominal)] have been substituted in this specification for such 1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
traditional terms as “nominal diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”
test method portion, Sections 7, 8, 9, 13, 14, and 15 of this
NOTE 2—The term nominal wall thickness has been assigned for the
specification: This standard does not purport to address all of
purpose of convenient designation, existing in name only, and is used to
the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
distinguish it from the actual wall thickness, which may vary over or
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
under the nominal wall thickness.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.2 This specification covers the following types and
mine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.
grades:
1.6 The text of this specification contains notes or footnotes,
1.2.1 Type F—Furnace-butt-welded, continuous welded
or both, that provide explanatory material. Such notes and
Grades A and B,
footnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, do not contain
1.2.2 Type E—Electric-resistance-welded, Grades A and B,
any mandatory requirements.
and
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
1.2.3 Type S—Seamless, Grades A and B.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
NOTE 3—See Appendix X1 for definitions of types of pipe.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
1.3 Pipe ordered under this specification is intended for
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mechanical and pressure applications and is also acceptable for
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
ordinary uses in steam, water, gas, and air lines. It is suitable
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
for welding, and suitable for forming operations involving
coiling, bending, and flanging, subject to the following quali-
2. Referenced Documents
fications: 3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.3.1 Type F is not intended for flanging.
A90/A90M Test Method for Weight [Mass] of Coating on
Iron and Steel Articles with Zinc or Zinc-Alloy Coatings
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, of Steel Products
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.09 on Carbon Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved March 1, 2024. Published March 2024. Originally
approved in 1915. Last previous edition approved in 2022 as A53/A53M – 22. DOI: For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
10.1520/A0053_A0053M-24. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi- Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
cation SA-53 in Section II of that code. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A53/A53M − 24
A530/A530M Specification for General Requirements for 3.1.6 Size (either nominal (NPS) [DN] and weight class or
Specialized Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe schedule number, or both; or outside diameter and wall
A700 Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods thickness, see Table X2.2 and Table X2.3),
for Steel Products for Shipment 3.1.7 Length (specific or random, see Section 16),
A751 Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of 3.1.8 End finish (plain end or threaded, Section 11),
Steel Products 3.1.8.1 Threaded and coupled, if desired,
A865/A865M Specification for Threaded Couplings, Steel, 3.1.8.2 Threads only (no couplings), if desired,
Black or Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Welded or Seamless, 3.1.8.3 Plain end, if desired,
for Use in Steel Pipe Joints 3.1.8.4 Couplings power tight, if desired,
B6 Specification for Zinc 3.1.8.5 Taper-tapped couplings for NPS 2 [DN 50] and
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to smaller, if desired,
Determine Conformance with Specifications 3.1.9 Close coiling, if desired (see 7.2.2),
E213 Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Metal Pipe and 3.1.10 Nondestructive electric test for seamless pipe (see
Tubing 9.2),
E273 Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of the Weld Zone of 3.1.11 Certification (see Section 20),
Welded Pipe and Tubing 3.1.12 Report of the length of the end effect, if desired (see
E309 Practice for Eddy Current Examination of Steel Tubu- 9.2.7),
lar Products Using Magnetic Saturation 3.1.13 Marking (see Section 21),
E570 Practice for Flux Leakage Examination of Ferromag- 3.1.14 End use of pipe,
netic Steel Tubular Products 3.1.15 Special requirements,
E1806 Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determina- 3.1.16 Supplementary requirements, if any,
tion of Chemical Composition 3.1.17 Selection of applicable level of preservation and
packaging and level of packing required, if other than as
2.2 ANSI Standards:
specified or if MIL-STD-163 applies (see 22.1), and
ASC X12
3.1.18 Packaging and package marking, if desired (see
B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose
23.1).
2.3 ASME Standard:
B36.10M Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
4. Materials and Manufacture
2.4 Military Standards:
4.1 The steel for both seamless and welded pipe shall be
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
made by one or more of the following processes: open-hearth,
MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products Preparation for Shipment
electric-furnace, or basic-oxygen.
and Storage
2.5 Federal Standards: 4.2 If steels of different grades are sequentially strand cast,
identification of the resultant transition material is required.
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
Fed. Std. No. 183 Continuous Identification Marking of Iron The steel producer shall remove the transition material by any
established procedure that positively separates the grades.
and Steel Products
2.6 API Standard:
4.3 The weld seam of Type E or Type F pipe in Grade B
5B Specification for Threading, Gauging, and Thread In-
shall be heat treated after welding to a minimum of 1000 °F
spection of Casing, Tubing, and Line Pipe Threads
[540 °C] so that no untempered martensite remains, or other-
wise processed in such a manner that no untempered martensite
3. Ordering Information
remains.
3.1 Information items to be considered, if appropriate, for
4.4 When pipe is cold expanded, the amount of expansion
inclusion in the purchase order are as follows:
shall not exceed 1 ⁄2 % of the specified outside diameter of the
3.1.1 Specification designation (A53 or A53M, including
pipe.
year-date),
3.1.2 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
5. Chemical Composition
3.1.3 Grade (A or B),
5.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as to
3.1.4 Type (F, E, or S; see 1.2),
chemical composition given in Table 1 and the chemical
3.1.5 Finish (black or galvanized),
analysis shall be in accordance with Test Methods, Practices,
and Terminology A751.
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
6. Product Analysis
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
6.1 The purchaser is permitted to perform an analysis of two
International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
pipes from each lot of 500 lengths, or fraction thereof. Samples
www.asme.org.
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
for chemical analysis, except for spectrographic analysis, shall
Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098
be taken in accordance with Practice E1806. The chemical
Available from General Services Administration, Washington, DC 20405.
composition thus determined shall conform to the requirements
Available from American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW,
Washington, DC 20005-4070, http://api-ec.api.org. given in Table 1.
A53/A53M − 24
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition, max, %
A A A A A
Carbon Manganese Phosphorus Sulfur Copper Nickel Chromium Molybdenum Vanadium
Type S (seamless pipe)
B
Grade A 0.25 0.95 0.05 0.045 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.15 0.08
C
Grade B 0.30 1.20 0.05 0.045 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.15 0.08
Type E (electric-resistance-welded)
B
Grade A 0.25 0.95 0.05 0.045 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.15 0.08
C
Grade B 0.30 1.20 0.05 0.045 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.15 0.08
Type F (furnace-welded pipe)
B
Grades A and B 0.30 1.20 0.05 0.045 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.15 0.08
A
The total composition for these five elements shall not exceed 1.00 %.
B
For each reduction of 0.01 % below the specified carbon maximum, an increase of 0.06 % manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted up to a maximum
of 1.35 %.
C
For each reduction of 0.01 % below the specified carbon maximum, an increase of 0.06 % manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted up to a maximum
of 1.65 %.
6.2 If the analysis of either pipe does not conform to the 7.2 Bend Test:
requirements given in Table 1, analyses shall be made on 7.2.1 For pipe NPS 2 [DN 50] or smaller, a sufficient length
additional pipes of double the original number from the same
of pipe shall be capable of being bent cold through 90° around
lot, each of which shall conform to the specified requirements. a cylindrical mandrel, the diameter of which is twelve times the
specified outside diameter of the pipe, without developing
7. Mechanical Properties
cracks at any portion and without opening the weld.
7.1 Tension Test: 7.2.2 If ordered for close coiling, the pipe shall stand being
7.1.1 For tension tests other than transverse weld tension bent cold through 180° around a cylindrical mandrel, the
tests, the yield strength corresponding to a permanent offset of diameter of which is eight times the specified outside diameter
0.2 % of the gage length or to an extension of 0.5 % of the gage of the pipe, without failure.
length under load, the tensile strength, and the elongation in 2
7.2.3 Double-extra-strong pipe over NPS 1 ⁄4 [DN 32] need
in. or 50 mm shall be determined, and the tension test results not be subjected to the bend test.
shall conform to the applicable tensile property requirements
7.3 Flattening Test:
given in Table 2.
7.3.1 The flattening test shall be made on welded pipe over
7.1.2 For transverse weld tension tests, the tensile strength
NPS 2 [DN 50] in extra-strong weight or lighter.
shall be determined, and the tension test results shall conform
7.3.2 Seamless Pipe:
to the applicable tensile strength requirement given in Table 2.
7.3.2.1 Although testing is not required, pipe shall be
7.1.3 Electric-resistance-welded pipe NPS 8 [DN 200] or
capable of meeting the flattening test requirements of Supple-
larger shall be tested using two transverse test specimens, one
mentary Requirement S1, if tested.
taken across the weld and one taken opposite the weld.
7.3.3 Type E, Grades A and B; and Type F Grade B Pipe:
7.1.4 Transverse tension test specimens shall be approxi-
7.3.3.1 A test specimen at least 4 in. [100 mm] in length
mately 1 ⁄2 in. [38 mm] wide in the gage length and shall
shall be flattened cold between parallel plates in three steps,
represent the full wall thickness of the pipe from which the test
with the weld located either 0° or 90° from the line of direction
specimens were cut.
of force as required by 7.3.3.2 or 7.3.3.3, whichever is
applicable. During the first step, which is a test for ductility of
TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements
the weld, except as allowed by 7.3.5, 7.3.6, and 7.3.7, no cracks
Grade A Grade B
or breaks on the inside or outside surface at the weld shall be
Tensile strength, min, psi [MPa] 48 000 [330] 60 000 [415]
present before the distance between the plates is less than two
Yield strength, min, psi [MPa] 30 000 [205] 35 000 [240]
A,B A,B thirds of the specified outside diameter of the pipe. As a second
Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm
step, the flattening shall be continued as a test for ductility
A
The minimum elongation in 2 in. [50 mm] shall be that determined by the
away from the weld. During the second step, except as allowed
following equation:
by 7.3.6 and 7.3.7, no cracks or breaks on the inside or outside
0.2 0.9
e 5 625000 f1940g A /U
surface away from the weld shall be present before the distance
where:
between the plates is less than one third of the specified outside
e = minimum elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm in percent, rounded to the nearest
diameter of the pipe but is not less than five times the specified
percent,
2 2
A = the lesser of 0.75 in. [500 mm ] and the cross-sectional area of the
wall thickness of the pipe. During the third step, which is a test
tension test specimen, calculated using the specified outside diameter of
for soundness, the flattening shall be continued until the test
the pipe, or the nominal width of the tension test specimen and the
specimen breaks or the opposite walls of the test specimen
specified wall thickness of the pipe, with the calculated value
2 2
rounded to the nearest 0.01 in. [1 mm ], and
meet. Evidence of laminated or unsound material or of incom-
U = specified minimum tensile strength, psi [MPa].
plete weld that is revealed by the flattening test shall be cause
B
See Table X4.1 or Table X4.2, whichever is applicable, for the minimum
for rejection.
elongation values that are required for various combinations of tension test
7.3.3.2 For pipe produced in single lengths, the flattening
specimen size and specified minimum tensile strength.
test specified in 7.3.3.1 shall be made using a test specimen
A53/A53M − 24
taken from each end of each length of pipe. The tests from each discretion of the manufacturer, to perform the hydrostatic test
end shall be made alternately with the weld at 0° and at 90° on pipe with plain ends, with threads only, or with threads and
from the line of direction of force. couplings; and it shall also be permissible to test pipe in either
7.3.3.3 For pipe produced in multiple lengths, the flattening single lengths or multiple lengths.
test specified in 7.3.3.1 shall be made as follows:
NOTE 4—The hydrostatic test pressures given herein are inspection test
(1) Test specimens taken from, and representative of, the
pressures, are not intended as a basis for design, and do not have any direct
front end of the first pipe intended to be supplied from each
relationship to working pressures.
coil, the back end of the last pipe intended to be supplied from
8.3 The minimum hydrostatic test pressure required to
each coil, and each side of any intermediate weld stop location
satisfy the requirements specified in 8.2 need not exceed 2500
shall be flattened with the weld located at 90° from the line of
psi [17 200 kPa] for pipe NPS 3 [DN 80] or smaller, or 2800
direction of force.
psi [19 300 kPa] for pipe larger than NPS 3 [DN 80]; however,
(2) Test specimens taken from pipe at any two locations
the manufacturer has the option of using higher test pressures.
intermediate to the front end of the first pipe and the back end
For all sizes of Type S, Type E, and Type F Grade B pipe, the
of the last pipe intended to be supplied from each coil shall be
hydrostatic test pressure shall be maintained for at least 5 s.
flattened with the weld located at 0° from the line of direction
of force.
9. Nondestructive Electric Test
7.3.3.4 For pipe that is to be subsequently reheated through-
9.1 Type E and Type F Grade B Pipe:
out its cross section and hot formed by a reducing process, the
9.1.1 Except for pipe produced on a hot-stretch reducing
manufacturer shall have the option of obtaining the flattening
mill, the weld seam of each length of Type E and Type F Grade
test specimens required by 7.3.3.2 or 7.3.3.3, whichever is
B pipe NPS 2 [DN 50] or larger shall be tested with a
applicable, either prior to or after such hot reducing.
nondestructive electric test in accordance with Practices E213,
7.3.4 Type F Grade A Pipe—A test specimen at least 4 in.
E273, E309, or E570. Each length of electric-resistance-
[100 mm] in length shall be flattened cold between parallel
welded pipe NPS 2 [DN 50] or larger and produced on a
plates in three steps. The weld shall be located at 90° from the
hot-stretch-reducing mill shall be tested with a nondestructive
line of direction of force. During the first step, which is a test
electric test that inspects the full volume of the pipe in
for ductility of the weld, except as allowed by 7.3.5, 7.3.6, and
accordance with Practices E213, E309, or E570.
7.3.7, no cracks or breaks on the inside, outside, or end
9.1.2 Ultrasonic and Electromagnetic Inspection—Any
surfaces at the weld shall be present before the distance
equipment utilizing the ultrasonic or electromagnetic principles
between the plates is less than three fourths of the specified
and capable of continuous and uninterrupted inspection of the
outside diameter of the pipe. As a second step, the flattening
weld seam shall be used. The equipment shall be checked with
shall be continued as a test for ductility away from the weld.
an applicable reference standard as described in 9.1.3 at least
During the second step, except as allowed by 7.3.6 and 7.3.7,
once every working turn or not more than 8 h to demonstrate
no cracks or breaks on the inside, outside, or end surfaces away
its effectiveness and the inspection procedures. The equipment
from the weld shall be present before the distance between the
shall be adjusted to produce well-defined indications when the
plates is less than 60 % of the specified outside diameter of the
reference standard is scanned by the inspection unit in a
pipe. During the third step, which is a test for soundness, the
manner simulating the inspection of the product.
flattening shall be continued until the test specimen breaks or
9.1.3 Reference Standards—The length of the reference
the opposite walls of the test specimen meet. Evidence of
standards shall be determined by the pipe manufacturer, and
laminated or unsound material or of incomplete weld that is
they shall have the same specified diameter and thickness as
revealed by the flattening test shall be cause for rejection.
the product being inspected. Reference standards shall contain
7.3.5 Surface imperfections in the test specimen before
machined notches, one on the inside surface and one on the
flattening, but revealed during the first step of the flattening
outside surface, or a drilled hole, as shown in Fig. 1, at the
test, shall be judged in accordance with the finish requirements
option of the pipe manufacturer. The notches shall be parallel
in Section 12.
to the weld seam, and shall be separated by a distance sufficient
7.3.6 Superficial ruptures as a result of surface imperfec-
to produce two separate and distinguishable signals. The ⁄8-in.
tions shall not be cause for rejection.
[3.2-mm] hole shall be drilled through the wall and perpen-
7.3.7 For pipe with a D-to-t ratio less than 10, because the
dicular to the surface of the reference standard as shown in Fig.
strain imposed due to geometry is unreasonably high on the
1. Care shall be taken in the preparation of the reference
inside surface at the 6 and 12 o’clock locations, cracks at such
standard to ensure freedom from fins or other edge roughness,
locations shall not be cause for rejection.
or distortion of the pipe.
8. Hydrostatic Test NOTE 5—The calibration standards shown in Fig. 1 are convenient
standards for calibration of nondestructive testing equipment. The dimen-
8.1 The hydrostatic test shall be applied, without leakage
sions of such standards are not to be construed as the minimum sizes of
through the weld seam or the pipe body.
imperfections detectable by such equipment.
8.2 Plain-end pipe shall be hydrostatically tested to the 9.1.4 Acceptance Limits—Table 3 gives the height of accep-
applicable pressure given in Table X2.2, and threaded-and- tance limit signals in percent of the height of signals produced
coupled pipe shall be hydrostatically tested to the applicable by reference standards. Imperfections in the weld seam that
pressure given in Table X2.3. It shall be permissible, at the produce a signal greater than the acceptance limit signal given
A53/A53M − 24
FIG. 1 Calibration Standards
TABLE 3 Acceptance Limits
testing equipment. The dimensions of such standards are not to
Type Notch Size of Hole Acceptance be construed as the minimum sizes of imperfections detectable
Limit
in. mm by such equipment.
Signal, %
9.2.2.2 The ultrasonic testing referred to in this specification
N10, V10 ⁄8 3.2 100
is capable of detecting the presence and location of significant
B, P . . 80
longitudinally or circumferentially oriented imperfections;
however, different techniques need to be employed for the
detection of differently oriented imperfections. Ultrasonic test-
ing is not necessarily capable of detecting short, deep imper-
in Table 3 shall be considered a defect unless the pipe
fections.
manufacturer can demonstrate that the imperfection does not
reduce the effective wall thickness beyond 12.5 % of the
9.2.2.3 The eddy current examination referenced in this
specified wall thickness. specification has the capability of detecting significant
discontinuities, especially of the short abrupt type.
9.2 Type S Pipe—As an alternative to the hydrostatic test at
9.2.2.4 The flux leakage examination referred to in this
the option of the manufacturer or if specified in the purchase
specification is capable of detecting the presence and location
order, the full body of each seamless pipe shall be tested with
of significant longitudinally or transversely oriented disconti-
a nondestructive electric test in accordance with Practice E213,
nuities. The provisions of this specification only require
E309, or E570. In such cases, each length so furnished shall
longitudinal calibration for flux leakage. Different techniques
include the mandatory marking of the letters “NDE.” Except as
need to be employed for the detection of differently oriented
allowed by 9.2.6.2, it is the intent of this nondestructive electric
imperfections.
test to reject pipe with imperfections that produce test signals
9.2.2.5 The hydrostatic test referred to in 8.2 has the
equal to or greater than those produced by the applicable
capability of finding imperfections of a size permitting the test
calibration standards.
fluid to leak through the tube wall and may be either visually
9.2.1 If the nondestructive electric test has been performed,
seen or detected by a loss of pressure. Hydrostatic testing is not
the lengths shall be marked with the letters “NDE.” The
necessarily capable of detecting very tight through-the-wall
certification, if required, shall state Nondestructive Electric
imperfections or imperfections that extend an appreciable
Tested and shall indicate which of the tests was applied. Also,
distance into the wall without complete penetration.
the letters NDE shall be appended to the product specification
number and grade shown on the certification. 9.2.2.6 A purchaser interested in ascertaining the nature
9.2.2 The following information is intended to facilitate the (type, size, location, and orientation) of imperfections that are
use of this specification: capable of being detected in the specific application of these
9.2.2.1 The calibration standards defined in 9.2.3 through examinations is directed to discuss this with the manufacturer
9.2.5 are convenient standards for calibration of nondestructive of the tubular product.
A53/A53M − 24
9.2.3 For ultrasonic testing, the calibration reference same specification test to which it was originally subjected and
notches shall be at the option of the manufacturer, and shall be the remaining wall thickness shall not have been decreased
any one of the three common notch shapes shown in Practice below that permitted by the specification. It shall be permis-
E213. The depth of notch shall not exceed 12.5 % of the sible to reduce the outside diameter at the point of grinding by
specified wall thickness of the pipe or 0.004 in. [0.1 mm], the amount so removed.
whichever is the greater. 9.2.6.2 It shall be permissible to evaluate test signals pro-
duced by visual imperfections in accordance with the provi-
9.2.4 For eddy current testing, the calibration pipe shall
sions of Section 12. A few examples of such imperfections are
contain, at the option of the manufacturer, any one of the
straightener marks, cutting chips, scratches, steel die stamps,
following calibration standards to establish a minimum sensi-
stop marks, or pipe reducer ripple.
tivity level for rejection.
9.2.7 The test methods described in Section 9 are not
9.2.4.1 Drilled Hole—The calibration pipe shall contain
necessarily capable of inspecting the end portion of pipes. This
three holes spaced 120° apart or four holes spaced 90° apart,
condition is referred to as end effect. The length of the end
sufficiently separated longitudinally to ensure separately dis-
effect shall be determined by the manufacturer and, if specified
tinguishable responses. The holes shall be drilled radially and
in the purchase order, reported to the purchaser.
completely through the pipe wall, care being taken to avoid
distortion of the pipe while drilling. Dependent upon the
10. Permissible Variations in Weight (Mass) and
nominal pipe size, the calibration pipe shall contain the
Dimensions
following hole:
10.1 Weight (Mass)—The weight (mass) of the pipe shall
NPS DN Diameter of Drilled Hole
# ⁄2 # 15 0.039 in. [1.0 mm] not vary more than 6 10 % from its specified weight (mass), as
1 1
> ⁄2 # 1 ⁄4 > 15 # 32 0.055 in. [1.4 mm]
derived by multiplying its measured length by its specified
> 1 ⁄4 # 2 > 32 # 50 0.071 in. [1.8 mm]
weight (mass) per unit length, as given in Table X2.2 or Table
> 2 # 5 > 50 # 125 0.087 in. [2.2 mm]
> 5 > 125 0.106 in. [2.7 mm] X2.3, or as calculated using the relevant equation in ASME
B36.10M.
9.2.4.2 Transverse Tangential Notch—Using a round tool or
file with a ⁄4 in. [6 mm] diameter, a notch shall be filed or
NOTE 6—For pipe NPS 4 [DN 100] or smaller, the weight (mass)
milled tangential to the surface and transverse to the longitu- tolerance is applicable to the weights (masses) of the customary lifts of
pipe as produced for shipment by the mill. For pipe larger than NPS 4 [DN
dinal axis of the pipe. The notch shall have a depth not
100], where individual lengths are weighed, the weight (mass) tolerance is
exceeding 12.5 % of the specified wall thickness of the pipe or
applicable to the individual lengths.
0.012 in. [0.3 mm], whichever is the greater.
10.2 Diameter—For pipe NPS 1 ⁄2 [DN 40] or smaller, the
9.2.4.3 Longitudinal Notch—A notch 0.031 in. [0.8 mm] or
outside diameter at any point shall not vary more than 6 ⁄64 in.
less in width shall be machined in a radial plane parallel to the
[0.4 mm] from the specified outside diameter. For pipe NPS 2
pipe axis on the outside surface of the pipe, to a depth not
[DN 50] or larger, the outside diameter shall not vary more
exceeding 12.5 % of the specified wall thickness of the pipe or
than 6 1 % from the specified outside diameter.
0.012 in. [0.3 mm], whichever is the greater. The length of the
10.3 Thickness—The minimum wall thickness at any point
notch shall be compatible with the testing method.
shall be not more than 12.5 % under the specified wall
9.2.4.4 Compatibility—The calibration standards in the cali-
thickness. The minimum wall thickness on inspection shall
bration pipe shall be compatible with the testing equipment and
conform to the requirements given in Table X2.4.
the method being used.
9.2.5 For flux leakage testing, the longitudinal calibration
11. End Finish
reference notches shall be straight-sided notches machined in a
11.1 If ordered with plain ends, the pipe shall be furnished
radial plane parallel to the pipe axis. For specified wall
to the following practice, unless otherwise specified.
thicknesses less than 0.500 in. [12.7 mm], outside and inside
11.1.1 NPS 1 ⁄2 [DN 40] or Smaller—Unless otherwise
notches shall be used. For specified wall thicknesses equal to or
specified in the purchase order, end finish shall be at the option
greater than 0.500 in. [12.7 mm], only an outside notch shall be
of the manufacturer.
used. The notch depth shall not exceed 12.5 % of the specified
11.1.2 Larger than NPS 1 ⁄2 [DN 40]:
wall thickness, or 0.012 in. [0.3 mm], whichever is the greater.
11.1.2.1 Pipe of standard-weight or extra-strong weight, or
The notch length shall not exceed 1 in. [25 mm], and the notch
in wall thickness less than 0.500 in. [12.7 mm], other than
width shall not exceed the notch depth. Outside diameter and
double extra-strong weight pipe, shall be plain-end beveled
inside diameter notches shall be located sufficiently apart to
with ends beveled to an angle of 30°, +5°, -0°, measured from
allow separation and identification of the signals.
a line drawn perpendicular to the axis of the pipe, and with a
9.2.6 Pipe containing one or more imperfections that pro-
1 1
root face of ⁄16 in. 6 ⁄32 in. [1.6 mm 6 0.8 mm].
duce a signal equal to or greater than the signal produced by the
11.1.2.2 Pipe with a specified wall thickness greater than
calibration standard shall be rejected or the area producing the
0.500 in. [12.7 mm], and all double extra-strong weight pipe,
signal shall be rejected.
shall be plain-end square cut.
9.2.6.1 Test signals produced by imperfections that cannot
be identified, or produced by cracks or crack-like 11.2 If ordered with threaded ends, the pipe ends shall be
imperfections, shall result in rejection of the pipe, unless it is provided with a thread in accordance with the gaging practice
repaired and retested. To be accepted, the pipe shall pass the and tolerances of ANSI B1.20.1. For standard-weight pipe NPS
A53/A53M − 24
6 [DN 150] or smaller, refer to Table X3.1 for threading data. 12.6 The finished pipe shall be reasonably straight.
For standard-weight pipe NPS 8 [DN 200] or larger and all
12.7 The pipe shall contain no dents greater than 10 % of
sizes of extra-strong weight pipe and double extra-strong
the pipe diameter or ⁄4 in. [6 mm], whichever is smaller,
weight pipe, refer to Table X3.2 for threading data. Threaded
measured as the gap between the lowest point of the dent and
pipe NPS 4 [DN 100] or larger shall have thread protectors on
a prolongation of the original contour of the pipe. Cold-formed
the ends not protected by a coupling.
dents deeper than ⁄8 in. [3 mm] shall be free of sharp-bottomed
11.3 If ordered with couplings, one end of each length of gouges; it shall be permissible to remove the gouges by
pipe shall be provided with a coupling manufactured in grinding, provided that the remaining wall thickness is within
accordance with Specification A865/A865M. The coupling specified limits. The length of the dent in any direction shall
threads shall be in accordance with the gaging practice of ANSI not exceed one half the specified outside diameter of the pipe.
B1.20.1. The coupling shall be applied handling-tight, unless
13. Number of Tests
power-tight is specified in the purchase order. Couplings are to
be made of steel. Taper-tapped couplings shall be furnished on
13.1 Except as required by 13.2, one of each of the tests
all threaded pipe NPS 2 ⁄2 [DN 65] or larger. For pipe smaller specified in Section 7 shall be made on test specimens taken
than NPS 2 ⁄2 [DN 65], it is regular practice to furnish
from one length of pipe from each lot of each pipe size. For
straight-tapped couplings for standard-weight pipe and taper-
Type F grade A pipe, each lot shall contain no more than 25
tapped couplings for extra-strong and double extra-strong
tons [23 Mg] of pipe for pipe sizes NPS 1 ⁄2 [DN 40] and
weight pipe. If taper-tapped couplings are required for
smaller, and no more than 50 tons [45 Mg] of pipe for pipe
standard-weight pipe smaller than NPS 2 ⁄2 [DN 65], it is sizes larger than NPS 1 ⁄2 [DN 40]. For Type S, Type E, and
recommended that line pipe threads in accordance with API
Type F grade B pipe, a lot shall contain no more than one heat,
Specification 5B be ordered. The taper-tapped couplings pro- and at the option of the manufacturer shall contain no more
vided on line pipe in such sizes may be used on mill-threaded
than 500 lengths of pipe (as initially cut after the final
standard-weight pipe of the same size. pipe-forming operation, prior to any further cutting to the
required ordered lengths) or 50 tons [45 Mg] of pipe.
12. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
13.2 The number of flattening tests for Type E and Type F
12.1 The pipe manufacturer shall explore a sufficient num-
grade B pipe shall be in accordance with 7.3.3.2 or 7.3.3.3,
ber of visual surface imperfections to provide reasonable
whichever is applicable.
assurance that they have been properly evaluated with respect
13.3 Except as allowed by 9.2, each length of pipe shall be
to depth.
subjected to the hydrostatic test (see Section 8).
12.2 Surface imperfections that penetrate more than 12.5 %
of the specified wall thickness or encroach on the minimum 14. Retests
wall thickness shall be considered defects. Pipe with defects
14.1 Except for flattening tests of Type E and Type F grade
shall be given one or more of the following dispositions:
B pipe, if the results of a mechanical test for a lot fail to
12.2.1 The defect shall be removed by grinding, provided
conform to the applicable requirements specified in Section 7,
that the remaining wall thickness is within specified limits,
the lot shall be rejected unless tests of additional pipe from the
12.2.2 Type S pipe and the parent metal of Type E pipe,
affected lot of double the number originally tested are subse-
except within ⁄2 in. [13 mm] of the fusion line of the
quently made and each such test conforms to the specified
electric-resistance-weld seam, are permitted to be repaired in
requirements. Only one retest of any lot will be permitted. Any
accordance with the welding provisions of 12.5. Repair weld-
individual length of pipe that conforms to the test requirements
ing of Type F pipe and the weld seam of Type E pipe is
is acceptable. Any individual length of pipe that does not
prohibited.
conform to the test requirements may be resubmitted for test
12.2.3 The section of pipe containing the defect shall be cut
and will be considered acceptable if tests taken from each pipe
off within the limits of requirement on length, or rejected.
end conform to the specified requirements.
12.3 At the purchaser’s discretion, pipe shall be subjected to
14.2 Type E and Type F Grade B Pipe Produced in Single
rejection if surface defects repaired in accordance with 12.2 are
Lengths—If any flattening test result fails to conform to the
not scattered, but appear over a large area in excess of what is
requirements specified in 7.3.3, the affected single length shall
considered a workmanlike finish. Disposition of such pipe shall
be rejected unless the failed end is subsequently retested using
be a matter of agreement between the manufacturer and the
the same weld orientation as the failed test and a satisfactory
purchaser.
test result is obtained before the pipe’s length is reduced by
12.4 For the removal of imperfections and defects by such testing to less than 80 % of its length after the initial
grinding, a smooth curved surface shall be maintained, and the cropping.
wall thickness shall not be decreased below that permitted by
14.3 Type E and Type F Grade B Pipe Produced in Multiple
this specification. It shall be permissible to reduce the outside
Lengths—If any flattening test result fails to conform to the
diameter at the point of grinding by the amount so removed.
requirements specified in 7.3.3, the affected multiple length
12.5 Weld repair shall only be permitted with the approval shall be rejected or flattening tests shall be made using a test
of the purchaser and in accordance with Specification A530/ specimen taken from each end of each individual length in the
A530M. failed multiple length. For each pipe end, such tests shall be
A53/A53M − 24
made with the weld alternately at 0° and 90° from the line of pressed in ounces per square foot [kilograms per square metre]
direction of force. Individual lengths are considered acceptable shall be calculated by dividing the total weight (mass) of zinc,
if the test results for both pipe ends conform to the specified inside plus outside, by the total area, inside plus outside, of the
requirements. surface coated. Each specimen shall have not less than 1.3
2 2
oz/ft [0.40 kg/m ] of zinc coating on each surface, calculated
15. Test Methods
by dividing the total weight (mass) of zinc on the given surface
(outside or inside) by the area of the surface coated (outside or
15.1 The test specimens and the tests required by this
inside).
specification shall conform to those described in the latest issue
of Test Methods and Definitions A370.
17.3 Weight (Mass) per Unit Area of Coating Test—The
weight (mass) per unit area of zinc coating shall be determined
15.2 Each longitudinal tension test specimen shall be taken
by stripping tests in accordance with Test Method A90/A90M.
from a pipe end and shall not be flattened between the gage
marks.
17.4 Test Specimens—Test specimens for determination of
weight (mass) per unit area of coating shall be cut approxi-
15.3 Test specimens for bend tests and flattening tests shall
mately 4 in. [100 mm] in length.
be taken from pipe. Test specimens for flattening tests shall be
smooth on the ends and free from burrs.
17.5 Number of Tests—Two test specimens for the determi-
nation of weight (mass) per unit area of coating shall be taken,
15.4 Tests shall be conducted at room temperature.
one from each end of one length of galvanized pipe selected at
16. Lengths random from each lot of 500 lengths, or fraction thereof, of
each size.
16.1 Unless otherwise specified, pipe lengths shall be in
accordance with the following regular practices: 17.6 Retests—If the weight (mass) per unit area of coating
16.1.1 Except as allowed by 16.1.2 and 16.1.4, pipe lighter
of any lot does not conform to the requirements specified in
than extra-strong weight shall be in single-random lengths of 17.2, retests of two additional pipes from the same lot shall be
16 to 22 ft [4.88 to 6.71 m], with not more than 5 % of the total
made, each of which shall conform to the specified require-
number of threaded lengths furnished being jointers (two ments.
pieces coupled together).
17.7 If pipe ordered under this specification is to be
16.1.2 For plain-end pipe lighter than extra-strong weight, it
galvanized, the tension, flattening, and bend tests shall be made
shall be permissible for not more than 5 % of the total number
on the base material before galvanizing, if practicable. If
of pipe to be in lengths of 12 to 16 ft [3.66 to 4.88 m].
specified, results of the mechanical tests on the base material
16.1.3 Pipe of extra-strong weight or heavier shall be in
shall be reported to the purchaser. If it is impracticable to make
random lengths of 12 to 22 ft [3.66 to 6.71 m], except that it
the mechanical tests on the base material before galvanizing, it
shall be permissible for not more than 5 % of the total of pipe
shall be permissible to make such tests on galvanized samples,
to be in lengths of 6 to 12 ft [1.83 to 3.66 m].
and any flaking or cracking of the zinc coating shall not be
16.1.4 For extra-strong weight or lighter pipe ordered in
considered cause for rejection. If galvanized pipe is bent or
double-random lengths, the minimum lengths shall be not less
otherwise fabricated to a degree that causes the zinc coating to
than 22 ft [6.71 m] and the minimum average length for the
stretch or compress beyond the limit of elasticity, some flaking
order shall be not less than 35 ft [10.67 m].
of the coating is acceptable.
16.1.5 For pipe heavier than extra-strong weight ordered in
lengths longer than single random, the lengths shall be as
18. Inspection
agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
18.1 The inspector representing the purchaser shall have
16.1.6 If pipe is furnished threaded and coupled, the length
entry, at all times while work on the contract of the purchaser
shall be measured to the outer face of the coupling.
is being performed, to all parts of the manufacturer’s works
that concern the manufacture of the pipe ordered. The manu-
17. Galvanized Pipe
facturer shall afford the inspector all reasonable facilities to be
17.1 Galvanized pipe ordered under this specification shall
satisfied that the pipe is being furnished in accordance with this
be coated with zinc inside and outside by the hot-dip process.
specification. All tests (except product analysis) and inspection
The zinc used for the coating shall be any grade of zinc
shall be made at the place of manufacture prior to shipment,
conforming to Specification B6. The galvanized pipe shall be
unless otherwise specified, and shall be so conducted as not to
free from uncoated areas, blisters, flux deposits, and gross
interfere unnecessarily with the operation of the works.
dross inclusions. Lumps, projections, globules, or heavy de-
posits of zinc which will interfere with the intended use of the 19. Rejection
material will not be permitted.
19.1 The purchaser is permitted to inspect each length of
17.2 Weight (Mass) per Unit Area of Coating—The weight pipe received from the manufacturer and, if it does not meet the
(mass) per unit area of zinc coating shall be not less than 1.8 requirements of this specification based upon the inspection
2 2
oz/ft [0.55 kg/m ] as determined from the average results of and test method as outlined in the specification, the length shall
the two specimens taken for test in the manner prescribed in be rejected and the manufacturer shall be notified. Disposition
2 2
17.5 and not less than 1.6 oz/ft [0.49 kg/m ] for each of these of rejected pipe shall be a matter of agreement between the
specimens. The weight (mass) per unit area of coating, ex- manufacturer and the purchaser.
A53/A53M − 24
19.2 Pipe found in fabrication or in installation to be foot, or metres to two decimal places, dependent upon the units
unsuitable for the intended use, under the scope and require- to which the pipe was ordered. The location of such marking
ments of this specification, shall be set aside and the manufac- shall be at the option of the manufacturer.
turer notified. Such pipe shall be su
...