ASTM D2402-01

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Designation:D2402–01
Standard Test Method for
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Water Retention of Textile Fibers (Centrifuge Procedure)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2402; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Water retention is traditionally based on the oven-dried fiber
mass and, as such, is a type of moisture pick-up.
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of water
3.2 For definitions of other moisture terms related to tex-
retention of man-made and natural fibers as staple, tow, or
tiles, refer to Terminology D 4920.
filament and spun yarns. It is intended to give a measure of the
amount of water which cannot be removed from thoroughly
4. Summary of Test Method
wetted fiber solely by mechanical means as applied by cen-
4.1 A specimen is thoroughly wetted-out by immersion,
trifugal force (see 3.1.2).
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centrifuged for 5 min at an acceleration of 9800 m/s and
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
weighed wet. Then, the wet specimen is dried and reweighed.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Water retention is calculated and reported as a percentage of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the dry mass.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
5. Significance and Use
precautionary statements, see Section 9.
5.1 This test method for testing for water retention of fibers
2. Referenced Documents aftercentrifugingisnotrecommendedforacceptancetestingof
commercial shipments because the test is more appropriate for
2.1 ASTM Standards:
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developmentandresearch.However,ifthetestistobeusedfor
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
2 acceptance testing, comparative tests as described in 5.1.1 are
D 629 Test Methods for Quantitative Analysis of Textiles
2
advised.
D 1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
2 5.1.1 In the case of a dispute arising from differences in
D 2258 Practice for Sampling Yarn for Testing
reported test results using Test Method D 2402 for acceptance
D 2494 TestMethodforCommercialMassofaShipmentof
2 testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the sup-
Yarn or Man-Made Staple Fiber or Tow
plier should conduct comparative tests to determine if statisti-
D 3333 Practice for Sampling Man-Made Staple Fibers,
3 cal biases exist between their laboratories. As a minimum, the
Sliver, or Tow for Testing
3 two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as
D 4920 Terminology Relating to Moisture in Textiles
homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material of
3. Terminology the type in question. The test specimens should then be
randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for
3.1 Definitions:
testing.Theaverageresultsfromthetwolaboratoriesshouldbe
3.1.1 moisture pick-up—as in Terminology D 4920.
compared using the Student’s t-test for unpaired data with an
3.1.2 water retention, n—the moisture remaining in and on
acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties while
a material after a specified mechanical treatment.
designing the test program. If the analysis shows a bias, its
3.1.2.1 Discussion—In this test method, water retained by
cause must be found and corrected, or the purchaser and
fiber masses includes water absorbed from the prevailing
supplier must agree to interpret future test data with consider-
atmosphere, water imbibed during (not following) immersion,
ation for the known bias.
and water adhering to fiber surfaces after being subjected to
5.2 The amount of water retained by a fiber mass increases
1000 times normal gravitational acceleration (g) for 5 min.
with an increase in the hydrophilic tendency of the fiber. Thus
the data obtained can be used to indicate the following:
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This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 onTextiles 5.2.1 Differences in water retention between the various
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.57 on Fiber Test Methods,
man-made and natural fibers,
General.
5.2.2 Degree of cross-linking in cellulosic fibers,
Current edition approved April 10, 2001. Published June 2001. Originally
5.2.3 Damage incurred by wool and silk fibers due to
published as D 2402 – 65T. Last previous edition D 2402 – 94.
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.
alkaline processing, and
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.02.
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D2402–01
Practice D 3333 for staple fiber,
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