ASTM B949-06

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: B 949 – 06
Standard Specification for
General Requirements for Zinc and Zinc Alloy Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 949; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope B86 SpecificationforZincandZinc-Aluminum(ZA)Alloy
Foundry and Die Castings
1.1 This specification establishes general requirements, un-
B 240 Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA)
less otherwise specified in the specific product specification,
Alloys in Ingot Form for Foundry and Die Castings
for ordering information, marking, and sampling for chemical
B 327 Specification for MasterAlloys Used in Making Zinc
analysis common to zinc and zinc alloy products and shall
Die Casting Alloys
apply to SpecificationsB6,B69,B86, B 240, B 327, B 418,
B 418 Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc
B 750, B 792, B 793, B 833, B 852, B 860, B 892, B 894,
Anodes
B 897, B 907, and B 943 to the extent referenced therein.
B 750 Specification for GALFAN (Zinc-5 % Aluminum-
1.2 Although this specification establishes general require-
Mischmetal) Alloy in Ingot Form for Hot-Dip Coatings
ments, it does not restrict that, by agreement between customer
B 792 Specification for ZincAlloys in Ingot Form for Slush
and supplier, these requirements may be altered by a customer
Casting
to suit individual need.
B 793 Specification for Zinc Casting Alloy Ingot for Sheet
1.3 The chemical composition, physical and mechanical
Metal Forming Dies and Plastic Injection Molds
properties, and all other requirements not included in this
B 833 Specification for Zinc and Zinc Alloy Wire for
specification shall be prescribed in the product specification.
Thermal Spraying (Metallizing) for the Corrosion Protec-
1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
tion of Steel
regarded as standard except where SI units only are specified.
B 852 Specification for Continuous Galvanizing Grade
The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions
(CGG)ZincAlloysforHot-DipGalvanizingofSheetSteel
to SI units that are provided for information only and are not
B 860 Specification for Zinc Master Alloys for Use in Hot
considered standard.
Dip Galvanizing
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
B 892 Specification for ACuZinc5 (Zinc-Copper-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Aluminum) Alloy in Ingot Form for Die Castings
responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar
B 894 Specification for ACuZinc5 (Zinc-Copper-
with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate
Aluminum) Alloy Die Castings
Material Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material as
B 897 Specification for the Configuration of Zinc and Zinc
provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety
Alloy Jumbo and Block Ingot
and health practices, and determine the applicability of regu-
B 899 Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and
latory limitations prior to use.
Alloys
2. Referenced Documents
B 907 Specification for Zinc, Tin and Cadmium Base Al-
loys Used as Solders
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B 908 Practice for the Use of Color Codes for Zinc Casting
B6 Specification for Zinc
Alloy Ingot
B69 Specification for Rolled Zinc
B 914 Practice for Color Codes on Zinc and Zinc Alloy
Ingot for Use in Hot-Dip Galvanizing of Steel
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on
B 943 Specification for Zinc and Tin Alloy Wire Used in
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
Thermal Spraying for Electronic Applications
B02.04 on Zinc and Cadmium.
E55 PracticeforSamplingWroughtNonferrousMetalsand
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2006. Published January 2007.
Alloys for Determination of Chemical Composition
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
E88 Practice for Sampling Nonferrous Metals and Alloys
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
in Cast Form for Determination of Chemical Composition
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
B949–06
E 634 Practice for Sampling of Zinc and Zinc Alloys for or less.At least three sample sets shall be taken for batches up
Optical Emission Spectrometric Analysis to 150 tons (136 mTons). The average chemical analyses shall
be determined from these samples. Unless otherwise agreed in
3. Terminology
the contact or purchase order, sampling procedure will be the
3.1 For terms related to non-ferrous metals and alloys, refer manufacturer’s choice.
to Terminology B 899.
6.2.2 Samples held at the producer’s plant shall be retained
for not less than 90 days.
4. Ordering Information
6.3 Sampling of Ingot, Slabs, or Blocks and Jumbos and
4.1 Include the following minimum information when plac-
Wrought Product in the Event of a Dispute or if the Alloy is at
ing orders for zinc and zinc alloy products under this specifi-
the Customer’s Plant—The sample for chemical analysis shall
cation:
be taken based on the form of the product.
4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue (see Scope),
6.3.1 Ingot, Slabs, or Product in an Easily Sampled
4.1.2 Quantity (weight),
Form—If the alloy is in the form of standard ingots, slabs, etc.
4.1.3 Alloy or grade, or both, (when applicable),
at the customer’s plant, the sample for chemical analysis shall
4.1.4 Size,
be taken in accordance with 6.3.1.1 through 6.3.1.6, inclusive.
4.1.5 Delivery schedule.
6.3.1.1 Selection of Portion—A portion representative of
4.1.6 Marking (Section 10), and
the total shipment or order shall be selected at random for the
4.1.7 Whether certification is required (Section 9).
final sample. The portion preferably shall be taken during
4.2 Additional ordering information for specific zinc and
loading or unloading. Not less than five ingots shall be taken at
zinc alloy products:
random from each car or truckload of the same alloy for
4.2.1 There may be additional information required when
sampling. Each heat in the shipment shall be represented. If the
ordering specific products. These may be found in the product
shipment is less than a carload lot, one sample ingot shall be
specifications listed in 2.1 (Specifications B6 through B 897
taken for each 10 000 lb (4540 kg) or fraction thereof. When it
and B 907 and B 943).
is deemed necessary, a sample may be taken from each melt of
1000 lb (454 kg) or more.
5. Chemical Requirements
6.3.1.2 Preparation of Sample—The product shall be
5.1 Final product (ingots, slabs, jumbos, etc.) shall conform
cleaned thoroughly to rid the surface of extraneous material.
to the chemical composition requirements prescribed in the
Then the samples for chemical analysis shall be taken by
applicable product specification (see 2.1: Specifications B6
sawing, milling, or drilling in such a manner as to be
through B 897,d B 907, and B 943).
representative of the average cross section of the ingot. The
5.2 Conformance shall be determined by the manufacturer
weight of a prepared sample shall be not less than 300 g.
by analyzing samples taken at the time the final product is
6.3.1.3 The saw drill, or cutter used for taking the sample
poured or samples taken from the ingots.
shall be thoroughly cleaned. No lubricant shall be used in the
5.2.1 If the producer has determined the chemical compo-
operation, and the sawings or metal chips shall be carefully
sition of the metal during the course of manufacture, he shall
treated with a magnet to remove any particles or iron intro-
not be required to sample and analyze the finished product.
duced in taking the sample.
5.2.2 Method ofAnalysis—Atthediscretionoftheproducer,
NOTE 1—Sampling by sawing is not recommended for Special High
the determination of chemical composition shall be made in
Grade zinc because complete removal of the final traces of adventitious
accordance with suitable spectrochemical or chemical meth-
iron from sawings is difficult.
ods.
6.3.1.4 Drilling—Two holes shall be drilled, preferably
6. Sampling for Determination of Chemical Composition
from the bottom or brand side of each ingot or slab, at two
6.1 Samples for Spectrochemical and Other Methods of points located along one diagonal of the slab so that each point
Analysis—Samples for spectrochemical and other methods of is halfway between the center and one extremity of the
analysis shall be suitable for the form of material being diagonal. If two holes from each ingot or slab do not yield the
analyzed and the type of analytical method used. weight of sample prescribed in 6.3.1.6, a third hole shall be
6.2 Sampling During Production of Ingots, Slabs, Blocks or drilled at the center of each. Each hole shall be bored
Jumbos, and Wrought Products: completely through, care being taken to avoid starting the drill
6.2.1 Sampling During Casting—Samples may be taken in a depression and to adjust the feed to give drillings 0.010 to
0.020 in. (0.25 to 0.51 mm) in thickness. The drill used
from the pour during the casting of zinc and zinc alloys.
6.2.1.1 Samples for spectrochemical methods may be cast preferably shall be non-ferrous tipped (such as carbide, Ti-N,
etc.) The diameter of the drill shall be ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) for
as pins or discs in accordance with Practice E 634 for spectro-
chemical analyses or may be cast in a form or by a method the SpecialHighGradezinc,andshallbe ⁄16in.(7.9mm)forother
grades of zinc. The drillings shall be broken or cut with clean
producer has determined will generate a homogeneous and
representative sample. shears into pieces not over ⁄2 in. in length and mixed
thoroughly.
6.2.1.2 The producer should determine the sampling regi-
men that will efficiently result in samples that are representa- 6.3.1.5 Sawing—Using, preferably, a heat treated high-
tive of the product. As a suggested minimum, at least two speed steel saw, make two cuts completely across and through
samples sets shall be taken for batches of 25 tons (22.7 mTons) the ingot or slab from one long side to the other. Each cut shall
B949–06
be approximately halfway between the center and each end. analysis. In this instance it is important to perform a sufficient
The width of the saw cut s
...