ASTM D5066-91(2001)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D5066–91(Reapproved 2001)
Standard Test Method for
Determination of the Transfer Efficiency Under Production
Conditions for Spray Application of Automotive Paints—
Weight Basis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5066; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Solids, and Weight Solids, of Surface Coatings
1.1 This test method provides procedures for determination
3. Terminology
of the transfer efficiency (using a weight method) under
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
production conditions for in-plant spray application of auto-
3.1.1 paint—the liquid material that is applied onto the part
motive paints as outlined in Section 18 of EPA 450/3-88-018.
to cover or coat the surfaces.
1.2 The transfer efficiency is calculated from the weight of
3.1.2 transfer effıciency—the ratio of the weight of paint
the paint solids sprayed and that deposited on the painted part.
solids deposited to the total weight of paint solids used during
Therecommendedapproachinvolvespaintingthepartdirectly.
the application process, expressed as a percent.
Also described is an alternative approach for painting parts
3.1.3 paint weight solids content—the weight of the non-
covered with aluminum foil.
volatile materials in the liquid paint material divided by the
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
totalweightofthepaint,times100,determinedbyTestMethod
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
D2369.
only.
3.1.4 paint density—the mass of a unit volume of the liquid
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
paint material at any given temperature, determined by Test
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Method D1475.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.5 satellite paint supply system—a smaller, paint-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
circulating system separate from the main production paint-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard
circulating supply system capable of supplying paint under the
statements are given in 10.1.8.1.
same conditions.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Summary of Test Method
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 Theweightoftheparttobepaintedisdeterminedbefore
D1475 TestMethodforDensityofPaint,Varnish,Lacquer,
and after the paint application process. The weight of liquid
and Related Products
2 paint used per part is determined from material usage and part
D2369 Test Methods for Volatile Content of Coatings
processing records. The determined weight solids content of
2.2 USEPA/MVMA (Motor Vehicle Manufacturers Associa-
the paint material is determined and used to calculate the paint
tion) Standards:
solidssprayedperpart.Thetransferefficiencyoftheprocessis
EPA 450/3-88-018, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
calculated by dividing the weight of paint solids deposited by
Protocol for Determining the Daily Volatile Organic
the weight of the paint solids sprayed.
Compound Emission Rate ofAutomobile and Light Duty
Truck Topcoat Operations,
5. Significance and Use
EPA Federal Reference Method 24—Determination of
5.1 This test method is specifically directed at the spray
Volatile Matter Content, Water Content, Density, Volume
painting of automobile car and light duty truck bodies. The
general principles are applicable to the painting of other
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-1 on Paint
automotive parts.
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
5.2 This test method may also be used to measure transfer
Subcommittee D01.55 on Factory Applied Coatings on Preformed Products.
efficiencyinfull-sizedpaintingfacilitiessimulatingproduction
Current edition approved May 15, 1991. Published July 1991. Originally
published as D5066–90. Last previous edition D5066–90.
conditions and operations.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
Office, Washington, DC 20402. Refer to EPA450/3-88-018 dated December 1988.
This protocol makes reference to the determination of production spray transfer
Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
efficiency.
Office, Washington, DC 20402. Refer to CFR 40, Part 60, Appendix A.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D5066
6. Interferences usage by volume is suggested. This procedure involves mea-
suringthedropinpaintlevelinthepaintsupplytankduringthe
6.1 Limitationsincludetheabilityoftheweighingdeviceto
test.Toprovidesufficientaccuracy,itmaybenecessarytopaint
determine accurately the weight of the paint solids deposited
a “block” (isolated group) of similar vehicles or parts from the
on the part and the capability of accurate measurement of the
paint supply system while usage measurements are taken.
amount of paint sprayed (see Section 7).
Typically, this may require painting approximately 30 vehicles
6.2 It may be difficult to cover the surface of complex
(see 9.2).
shaped parts with aluminum foil (see 11.6.11).
9. Paint Usage Determination by Weight Procedure
7. Apparatus
7.1 Tension Load Cells, with upper/lower transition pieces. 9.1 This procedure for determining paint usage during the
7.1.1 682-kg (1500-lb ) capacity with 0.02-kg (0.05-lb)
test is preferred when a satellite paint supply system is
precision for weighing automobile body and support frame. available for the process to be tested. With this procedure, it is
7.1.2 227 to 364-kg (500 to 800-lb) capacity with 0.02-kg
usuallyeasiertoisolatepaintusageformeasurementpurposes,
(0.05-lb) precision for weighing mix tanks or automobile and accurate results can be obtained with a smaller number of
components.
vehicles or parts (see 9.1.1).
7.1.3 Asafetycableisrequiredforuppertolowertransition.
9.1.1 Atleast2.27kg(5.0lb)ofpaintmaterialmustbeused
7.2 Electronic Digitizer/Readout, readability of 0.02 kg
during the test with the specified weighing equipment.
(0.05 lb ) and special filtering.
9.2 Before a satellite paint supply system can be used, it
7.2.1 The electronic digitizer/readout shall meet OIML
must be demonstrated that the system is capable of supplying
(International Organization of Legalized Metrology) specifica-
the paint at sufficient volume and pressure to maintain normal
tions.
process conditions (fluid deliveries of the spray devices) and
7.3 Voltage Regulator.
thatthepaintcanbemaintainedatarepresentativetemperature
7.4 Swivel Devices, as required.
and viscosity for the duration of the test period. These
7.5 Rule and Calipers for measuring diameter of paint
requirementscanbestbeassuredbymountingthesatellitetank
supply tank shaft, etc.
onaloadcellorscaleanddirectlypipingitintotheproduction
7.6 Sample Containers,cleanandairtightforpaintmaterial.
supply system of the spraybooth. For this procedure the
7.7 Lifting Device and Support Frame Apparatus to lift
requirements are as follows:
body.
9.2.1 Level and calibrate a weighing device (see Section 7)
7.7.1 Total weight must not exceed capacity of load cell or
for weighing the satellite supply tank.
scale.
9.2.2 If an electronic weighing device is used, it must be
7.8 StandardCalibrationWeight,approximately0.9kg(2lb
turned on long enough to achieve stability, following the
).
manufacturer’s directions. All weighing devices must be situ-
7.9 Measure Stick, Starret precision spring tempered, satin
ated to minimize disturbance from vibration or air movement.
chrome finish, 36 in. (91.4 cm), with 4R graduations, or
9.2.3 Introduce the paint material, reduced to spraying
equivalent.
viscosity, into the tank to be weighed. Before the test is
conducted, be certain that fluid flows are properly set, that all
8. Paint Usage Measurement Procedures
supply and return lines are filled with the paint, and that no
8.1 Transfer efficiency measurement requires that accurate
leaks are present in the piping system.
measurementsbemadeofthequantityofpaintmaterialusedin
9.2.4 Shut off the agitator to minimize vibration during the
the application process during the time period associated with
weighing of the system.
the coating of specific vehicles or parts. Two general proce-
9.2.5 Calibrate the weighing device in accordance with
dures are applicable for accurately measuring paint usage.
manufacturer’s instructions. Weigh and tare a lifting frame, if
8.1.1 The preferred procedure is to determine the weight of
used to support the satellite paint supply tank.
paint used during the application study period. Under typical
production conditions, such weighing may be difficult, due to 9.2.6 Weigh the satellite paint supply tank before the test
the large number of applicators requiring paint supply from a
vehicles or parts are run. Flexible connections are required to
common tank. If a separate, isolated paint supply tank is used minimizestrain.Carefullynotetheconfigurationofthetankso
in the test; it is important to control paint viscosity, tempera-
that the same configuration is used for both initial and the final
ture, and flow rate consistent with the regular production weighing (that is, hose connections, height, etc.). Weigh the
system (see 9.1).
tank until 2 consecutive measurements are obtained within the
8.1.2 Where direct paint usage measurement by weight is
measurementerroroftheweighingsystem60.02kg(0.05lb).
not practical, an alternative procedure for determining paint Average the two readings.The satellite tank may be left on the
weighing device during the painting operation to monitor
painting usage on a continuous basis.
Thesolesourceofsupplyoftheelectronicdigitizer,Model5322,knowntothe 9.2.7 After painting the test vehicles or parts, reweigh the
committee at this time is Sterling Scale Co., 20950 Boening, Southfield, MI 48075.
satellite paint supply tank in accordance with 9.2.5 and 9.2.6.
If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information toASTM
9.2.8 Obtain representative paint samples immediately after
Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
responsible technical committee, which you may attend. completion of the test for solids and density analysis.
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D5066
10. Paint Usage Determination by Tank Level 4 in. ) from the sides of the tank. The top of the tank is to be
Measurement (Volume Procedure) determined by laying a straight edge across the top of the tank
in the same position for each measurement.
10.1 This procedure for determining the paint usage re-
10.1.8.1 Warning:Any measuring instruments used in this
quiresthatthedropintheliquidlevelinthesystemsupplytank
procedure must be effectively grounded before contacting the
be measured accurately. This procedure is applicable with
coating tank or coating liquid surface. Review all measuring
either a satellite system or a main-mix room supply system.A
instruments for suitability and resistance to the paint solvents
sufficient number of parts must be processed in the test block
prior to the test.
to provide at least a 7.6-cm ( 3-in.) drop in the liquid level in
10.1.9 It may be necessary to provide two-way radio com-
the paint supply tank. Careful measurement is critical to the
munication between the mix-room monitor and the tested
overall accuracy of the transfer efficiency test. This procedure
process operation to coordinate the measurement process and
consists of the following:
timing.
10.1.1 Accurately measure the inside diameter of the paint
10.1.10 Obtain representative paint samples immediately
supply tank(s) to be used for the various test materials. If the
after completion of the test for density and solids determina-
agitatorshafts,fillpipes,oranyotherobjectsarelocatedinthe
tions.
measurement zone, the occupied volume of these items must
be determined and subtracted from the total volume. Careful
11. Paint Solids Deposited Measurement Procedure
selection of the section of the tank for the test measurement
11.1 To determine the transfer efficiency, it is necessary to
will minimize the difficulty of this task.The measurements are
determineboththeweightofpaintsolidssprayedpervehicleor
used to develop a conversion factor between level drop and
part and the weight of paint solids actually deposited onto the
volume of paint.
object in the tested process. These are obtained by weighing
10.1.2 Most main paint supply systems consist of two tanks
vehicles or parts incorporated in the same sample (block) used
connected together to maintain the material supply. During the
to obtain the paint usage measurement.
test, the paint supply tank must be isolated. Check to ensure
11.2 Vehicle or Part Weighing Procedure— The weight of
that there is no leakage or overflow between the two tanks and
paint solids deposited during the application process is deter-
that the directional valves for paint return function properly.
mined by weighing the vehicle(s) or part(s) prior to and after
Makesurethatthesechecksaremadejustpriortoandafterthe
thepaintisappliedandbaked.Atleasttwovehiclesorpartsare
test, and are done by measuring the volume in both tanks.
required to be tested. A control part is also run and weighed
10.1.3 Place the test paint, which has been reduced to
before and after the application process. No paint is applied to
spraying viscosity, into the paint supply tank to be measured.
the control part in the process. The control is required to
No material additions or reductions may be made to the tank
determine weight loss from miscellaneous materials (primarily
during the test. Before the test is conducted, make certain that
sealants and plastics applied prior to the tested process) that
valvingissetsothatpaintisbeingdrawnfromthetesttankand
may occur in the drying oven. The difference in the weight of
returnedtothetesttank,andthatallairhasbeenremovedfrom
the measurement vehicles adjusted for the weight loss in the
the delivery system.
control vehicle or part, is the weight of paint solids applied in
10.1.4 With satellite paint supply tank systems, special care
the tested process.
mustbetakentoensurethatallfluidlinesarecompletelyfilled.
11.3 Weighing of the parts requires the use of a precision
10.1.5 Priortotakingthevolumemeasurement,turnoffany
weighing device and digitizer as described in 7.1 and 7.2. A
agitation within the tank that will interfere with the measurin
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