ASTM F1524-22
(Guide)Standard Guide for Use of Advanced Oxidation Process for the Mitigation of Chemical Spills
Standard Guide for Use of Advanced Oxidation Process for the Mitigation of Chemical Spills
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 General—This guide contains information regarding the use of AOPs to oxidize and eventually mineralize hazardous materials that have entered surface and groundwater as the result of a spill. These guidelines will only refer to those units that are currently applied at a field scale level. The user should review applicable state regulations and guidance on the applicability of AOP (see California DTSC 2010, New Jersey DEP 2017, Oklahoma DEQ 2017).
Note 1: Commercialization of AOP for the treatment of wastewater and process water is fairly mature. Several transnational companies offer mobile and large-scale processing units for the treatment of persistent chemicals of concern. Standard Guides D5745, E2081, and E2616 may be useful. Fig. 1 illustrates the general AOP process.
FIG. 1 Schematic Illustration of Hydroxyl Radical's Generation for the Degradation of Organic Pollutants
Source: Amor, Carlos, et al. Application of Advanced Oxidation Processes for the Treatment of Recalcitrant Agro-Industrial Wastewater: A Review. Water 2019, 11(2), 205; https://doi.org/10.3390/w11020205 (open access publication)
Fig. 2 illustrates the range of AOP technologies.
FIG. 2 Examples of Advanced Oxidation Processes
Source: Amor, Carlos, et al. Application of Advanced Oxidation Processes for the Treatment of Recalcitrant Agro-Industrial Wastewater: A Review. Water 2019, 11(2), 205; https://doi.org/10.3390/w11020205 (open access publication)
4.2 Oxidizing Agents:
4.2.1 Hydroxyl Radical (OH)—The OH radical is the most common oxidizing agent employed by this technology due to its powerful oxidizing ability. When compared to other oxidants such as molecular ozone , hydrogen peroxide, or hypochlorite, its rate of attack is commonly much faster. In fact, it is typically one million (106) to one billion (109) times faster than the corresponding attack with molecular ozone (Keller and Reed, 1991 (1)).9 The three most common methods for generating the hydroxyl radical ar...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the considerations for advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) in the mitigation of spilled chemicals and hydrocarbons dissolved into ground and surface waters.
1.2 This guide addresses the application of advanced oxidation alone or in conjunction with other technologies.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
In addition, it is the responsibility of the user to ensure that such activity takes place under the control and direction of a qualified person with full knowledge of any potential safety and health protocols.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F1524 − 22
Standard Guide for
Use of Advanced Oxidation Process for the Mitigation of
1
Chemical Spills
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1524; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E2616 Guide for Remedy Selection Integrating Risk-Based
Corrective Action and Non-Risk Considerations
1.1 This guide covers the considerations for advanced
2.2 Federal and State Guidance Documents:
oxidation processes (AOPs) in the mitigation of spilled chemi-
Guidance WQD-004 Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP)
cals and hydrocarbons dissolved into ground and surface
3
for the Oxidation of Microcontaminants. August 2017
waters.
Proven TechnologiesAnd Remedies Guidance Remediation
1.2 This guide addresses the application of advanced oxi-
Of Chlorinated Volatile Organic Compounds In Vadose
dation alone or in conjunction with other technologies.
Zone Soil. California Department of Toxic Substances
4
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Control. 2010
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this ERDC-TR-19-3. 2019 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
standard.
Cross-Comparison of Advanced Oxidation Processes for
Remediation of Organic Pollutants in Water Treatment
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5
Systems
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
In Situ Remediation: Design Considerations and Perfor-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
mance Monitoring, Technical Guidance Document. New
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. October
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.In
6
2017
addition, it is the responsibility of the user to ensure that such
Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) For Destruction Of
activity takes place under the control and direction of a
Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MtBE -An Unregulated
qualified person with full knowledge of any potential safety
Contaminant) In Drinking Water. U.S. EPA. September
and health protocols.
7
2004
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
GAO-05-666 GeneralAccountingOffice.GroundwaterCon-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
tamination: DOD Uses and Develops a Range of Reme-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
diation Technologies to Clean Up Military Sites. June
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
8
2006
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Technology Screening Matrix, Federal Remediation Tech-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
nologies Roundtable. https://frtr.gov/matrix/default.cfm
2. Referenced Documents
3. Terminology
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
D5745 Guide for Developing and Implementing Short-Term
Measures or Early Actions for Site Remediation
3
E2081 Guide for Risk-Based Corrective Action
AvailablefromOklahomaDepartmentofEnvironmentalQualityDepartmentof
Environmental Quality 707 N Robinson Oklahoma City, OK, 73102 https://
www.deq.ok.gov/
4
Available from California Department of Toxic Substances Control 1001 I
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous Street, Sacramento, CA 95814-2828 https://dtsc.ca.gov/
5
Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Available from U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 441 G Street NW Washington,
F20.22 on Mitigation Actions. DC 20314-1000 https://www.usace.army.mil/
6
CurrenteditionapprovedJan.1,2022.PublishedMay2022.Originallyapproved Available from New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection 401 East
in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as F1524 – 95(2013) . DOI: State Street, Trenton NJ, 08625. https://www.nj.gov/dep/
7
10.1520/F1524-22. AvailablefromUnitedStatesEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA),William
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Jefferson Clinton Bldg., 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW, Washington, DC 20460,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM http://www.epa.gov.
8
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from U.S. Government Publishing Office (GPO), 732 N. Capitol St.,
the ASTM website. NW, Washington, DC 20401, http://www.gpo.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1524 − 95 (Reapproved 2013) F1524 − 22
Standard Guide for
Use of Advanced Oxidation Process for the Mitigation of
1
Chemical Spills
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1524; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide covers the considerations for advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) in the mitigation of spilled chemicals and
hydrocarbons dissolved into ground and surface waters.
1.2 This guide addresses the application of advanced oxidation alone or in conjunction with other technologies.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.In addition, it is the responsibility of the user to ensure that such activity takes
place under the control and direction of a qualified person with full knowledge of any potential safety and health protocols.In
addition, it is the responsibility of the user to ensure that such activity takes place under the control and direction of a qualified
person with full knowledge of any potential safety and health protocols.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D5745 Guide for Developing and Implementing Short-Term Measures or Early Actions for Site Remediation
E2081 Guide for Risk-Based Corrective Action
E2616 Guide for Remedy Selection Integrating Risk-Based Corrective Action and Non-Risk Considerations
2.2 Federal and State Guidance Documents:
3
Guidance WQD-004 Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) for the Oxidation of Microcontaminants. August 2017
Proven Technologies And Remedies Guidance Remediation Of Chlorinated Volatile Organic Compounds In Vadose Zone Soil.
4
California Department of Toxic Substances Control. 2010
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F20.22
on Mitigation Actions.
Current edition approved April 1, 2013Jan. 1, 2022. Published April 2013May 2022. Originally approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 20072013 as
F1524 – 95 (2007).(2013) . DOI: 10.1520/F1524-95R13.10.1520/F1524-22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Oklahoma Department of Environmental Quality Department of Environmental Quality 707 N Robinson Oklahoma City, OK, 73102 https://
www.deq.ok.gov/
4
Available from California Department of Toxic Substances Control 1001 I Street, Sacramento, CA 95814-2828 https://dtsc.ca.gov/
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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F1524 − 22
ERDC-TR-19-3. 2019 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Cross-Comparison of Advanced Oxidation Processes for Remediation of
5
Organic Pollutants in Water Treatment Systems
In Situ Remediation: Design Considerations and Performance Monitoring, Technical Guidance Document. New Jersey
6
Department of Environmental Protection. October 2017
Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) For Destruction Of Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MtBE -An Unregulated Contaminant)
7
In Drinking Water. U.S. EPA. September 2004
GAO-05-666 General Accounting Office. Groundwater Contamination: DOD Uses and Develops a Range of Remediation
8
Technologies to Clean Up Military Sites. June 2006
Technology Screening Matrix, Federal Remediation Technologies Roundtable. https://frtr.gov/matrix/default.cfm
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specifi
...
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