ASTM C507-22

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C507 − 20 C507 − 22
Standard Specification for
Reinforced Concrete Elliptical Culvert, Storm Drain, and
Sewer Pipe
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C507; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers reinforced elliptically shaped concrete pipe to be used for the conveyance of sewage, industrial
wastes, and storm water, and for the construction of culverts.
1.2 Pipe designed for placement with the major axis horizontal shall be designated as “Horizontal Elliptical Pipe.” Pipe designed
for placement with the major axis vertical shall be designated as “Vertical Elliptical Pipe.”
1.3 This specification is the inch-pound companion to Specification C507M; therefore, no SI equivalents are presented in the
specification. Reinforced concrete pipe that conforms to the requirements of C507M are acceptable under this Specification C507
unless prohibited by the owner.
NOTE 1—This specification is a manufacturing and purchase specification only, and does not include requirements for bedding, backfill, or the relationship
between field load condition and the strength classification of pipe. However, experience has shown that the successful performance of this product
depends upon the proper selection of the class of pipe, type of bedding and backfill, and care that the installation conforms to the construction
specifications. The owner of the reinforced concrete pipe specified herein is cautioned that he must correlate the field requirements with the class of pipe
specified and provide inspection at the construction site.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A36/A36M Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
A615/A615M Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
A706/A706M Specification for Deformed and Plain Low-Alloy Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
A1064/A1064M Specification for Carbon-Steel Wire and Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for Concrete
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.02 on Reinforced Sewer
and Culvert Pipe.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2020Sept. 1, 2022. Published September 2020September 2022. Originally approved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 20192020
as C507 - 19a.C507 - 20. DOI: 10.1520/C0507-20.10.1520/C0507-22.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C507 − 22
C260/C260M Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete
C309 Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete
C443 Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe and Manholes, Using Rubber Gaskets
C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete
C497 Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Concrete Box Sections, Manhole Sections, or Tile
C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related Products
C989/C989M Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and Mortars
C990 Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe, Manholes, and Precast Box Sections Using Preformed Flexible Joint Sealants
C1017/C1017M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Use in Producing Flowing Concrete (Withdrawn 2022)
C1116/C1116M Specification for Fiber-Reinforced Concrete
C1602/C1602M Specification for Mixing Water Used in the Production of Hydraulic Cement Concrete
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to concrete pipe, see Terminology C822.
4. Classification
4.1 Pipe manufactured according to this specification shall be of five classes each for horizontal elliptical and vertical elliptical
pipe with identification as follows:
Horizontal Elliptical Pipe Vertical Elliptical Pipe
Class HE-A Class VE-II
Class HE-I Class VE-III
Class HE-II Class VE-IV
Class HE-III Class VE-V
Class HE-IV Class VE-VI
4.2 The strength requirements for horizontal elliptical pipe are prescribed in Table 1 and for vertical elliptical pipe are prescribed
in Table 2.
5. Basis of Acceptance
5.1 Unless otherwise designated by the owner at the time of, or before, placing an order, there are two separate and alternative
bases of acceptance. Independent of the method of acceptance, the pipe shall be designed to meet both the 0.01-in. crack and
ultimate strength requirements.
5.1.1 Acceptance on Basis of Plant Load-Bearing Tests, Material Tests, and Inspection of Manufactured Pipe for Visual Defects
and Imperfections—Acceptability of the pipe in all diameters and classes produced in accordance with 7.1 or 7.2 shall be
determined by the results of the three-edge-bearing tests as defined in 11.3.1; by such material tests as are required in 6.2, 6.3, 6.5,
and 6.6; by an absorption test of the concrete from the wall of the pipe as required in 11.9; and by visual inspection of the finished
pipe to determine its conformance with the accepted design and its freedom from defects.
5.1.2 Acceptance on the Basis of Material Tests and Inspection of Manufactured Pipe for Defects and Imperfections—
Acceptability of the pipe in all diameters and classes produced in accordance with 7.1 or 7.2 shall be determined by the results
of such material tests as are required in 6.2, 6.3, 6.5, and 6.6; by crushing tests on concrete cores or cured concrete cylinders; by
an absorption test of the concrete from the wall of the pipe for each mix design that is used on an order; and by inspection of the
finished pipe, including amount and placement of reinforcement, to determine its conformance with the accepted design and its
freedom from defects.
5.1.3 When agreed upon by the owner and the manufacturer, any portion or any combination of the tests itemized in 5.1.1 or 5.1.2
may form the basis of acceptance.
5.2 Age for Acceptance—Pipe shall be considered ready for acceptance when they conform to the requirements as indicated by
the specified tests.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
C507 − 22
A
TABLE 1 Design Requirements for Horizontal Elliptical (HE) Pipe
NOTE 1—The test load in pounds per linear foot equals D-load × inside span in feet.
NOTE 2—Single cage reinforcement, providing tension steel at the top, bottom, and springline, shall be permitted instead of double cage reinforcement.
The area of such reinforcement shall be 112 % of the tabulated inner cage area.
NOTE 3—An inner and outer cage plus quadrant mats shall be permitted instead of double cage reinforcement. The area of such reinforcement shall
be in accordance with Fig. 1.
NOTE 4—An inner and outer cage plus a middle cage shall be permitted instead of double cage reinforcement. The area of such reinforcement shall
be in accordance with Fig. 2.
Reinforcement, in. /linear ft
Class HE-A Class HE-I Class HE-II Class HE-III Class HE-IV
Designated
Minimum
Diameter, Designated D-Loads
Wall
Equivalent Rise, in. ×
0.01 = 600 0.01 = 800 0.01 = 1000 0.01 = 1350 0.01 = 2000
Thickness,
Round Span, in.
Ult = 900 Ult = 1200 Ult = 1500 Ult = 2000 Ult = 3000
in.
Size, in.
In Out In Out In Out In Out In Out
Cage Cage Cage Cage Cage Cage Cage Cage Cage Cage
15 12 × 19 2 ⁄2 0.07 . . . 0.07 . . . 0.07 . . . 0.09 . . . 0.16 . . .
18 14 × 23 2 ⁄4 0.08 . . . 0.11 . . . 0.14 . . . 0.19 . . . 0.27 . . .
24 19 × 30 3 ⁄4 0.11 . . . 0.15 . . . 0.19 . . . 0.26 . . . 0.39 . . .
27 22 × 34 3 ⁄2 0.14 . . . 0.18 . . . 0.23 . . . 0.31 . . . 0.45 . . .
30 24 × 38 3 ⁄4 0.10 0.10 0.12 0.12 0.17 0.17 0.23 0.23 0.34 0.34
33 27 × 42 3 ⁄4 0.12 0.12 0.17 0.17 0.21 0.21 0.27 0.27 0.41 0.41
36 29 × 45 4 ⁄2 0.11 0.11 0.15 0.15 0.19 0.19 0.26 0.26 0.39 0.39
39 32 × 49 4 ⁄4 0.12 0.12 0.17 0.17 0.21 0.21 0.29 0.29 0.44 0.44
42 34 × 53 5 0.15 0.15 0.20 0.20 0.24 0.24 0.33 0.33 0.50 0.50
48 38 × 60 5 ⁄2 0.17 0.17 0.23 0.23 0.27 0.27 0.39 0.39 . . . . . .
54 43 × 68 6 0.20 0.20 0.27 0.27 0.34 0.34 0.45 0.45 . . . . . .
60 48 × 76 6 ⁄2 0.24 0.24 0.32 0.32 0.40 0.40 0.53 0.53 . . . . . .
66 53 × 83 7 0.27 0.27 0.36 0.36 0.45 0.45 0.60 0.60 . . . . . .
72 58 × 91 7 ⁄2 0.31 0.31 0.41 0.41 0.52 0.52 0.70 0.70 . . . . . .
78 63 × 98 8 0.34 0.34 0.45 0.45 0.56 0.56 0.78 0.78 . . . . . .
84 68 × 106 8 ⁄2 0.38 0.38 0.50 0.50 0.63 0.63 0.88 0.88 . . . . . .
90 72 × 113 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
96 77 × 121 9 ⁄2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
102 82 × 128 9 ⁄4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
108 87 × 136 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
114 92 × 143 10 ⁄2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
120 97 × 151 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
132 106 × 166 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
144 116 × 180 13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B
Concrete strength , psi 4000 4000 4000 15 to 66 in. 4000
72 to 84 in.
A
For sizes and loads beyond those shown in this table, pipe designs are available that make use of one or a combination of the following: shear steel, multiple cages,
or thicker walls in accordance with the provisions of 7.3.
B
Concrete strength for designs with reinforcement tabulated. For modified or special designs, see 7.3.
6. Materials
6.1 Reinforced Concrete—The reinforced concrete shall consist of cementitious materials, mineral aggregates, admixtures, if used,
and water in which steel has been embedded in such a manner that steel and concrete act together.
6.2 Cementitious Materials:
6.2.1 Cement—Cement shall conform to the requirements for portland cement of Specification C150/C150M, or shall be portland
blast-furnace slag cement, portland-limestone cement, or portland-pozzolan cement conforming to the requirements of
Specification C595/C595M, except that the pozzolan constituent in the Type IP portland pozzolan cement shall be fly ash.
6.2.2 Slag Cement—Slag cement shall conform to the requirements of Grade 100 or 120 of Specification C989/C989M.
6.2.3 Fly Ash—Fly ash shall conform to the requirements of Class F or Class C of Specification C618.
6.2.4 Allowable Combinations of Cementitious Materials—The combination of cementitious materials used in the concrete shall
be one of the following:
C507 − 22
A
TABLE 2 Design Requirements for Vertical Elliptical Pipe
NOTE 1—Test load in pounds per linear foot equals D-load × inside span in feet.
NOTE 2—An inner and outer cage plus quadrant mats shall be permitted instead of double cage reinforcement. The area of such reinforcement shall
be in accordance with Fig. 3.
NOTE 3—Single cage reinforcement, providing tension steel at the top, bottom, and springline, shall be permitted instead of double cage reinforcement.
The area of such reinforcement shall be 112 % of the tabulated inner cage area.
NOTE 4—An inner and outer cage plus a middle cage shall be permitted instead of double cage reinforcement. The area of such reinforcement shall
be in accordance with Fig. 4.
Reinforcement, in. /linear ft
Class VE-II Class VE-III Class VE-IV Class VE-V Class VE-VI
Designated
Minimum
Diameter, Designated D-Loads
Wall
Equivalent Rise, in. ×
0.01 = 1000 0.01 = 1350 0.01 = 2000 0.01 = 3000 0.01 = 4000
Thickness,
Round Span, in.
Ult = 1500 Ult = 2000 Ult = 3000 Ult = 3750 Ult = 5000
in.
Size, in.
In Out In Out In Out In Out In Out
Cage Cage Cage Cage Cage Cage Cage Cage Cage Cage
36 45 × 29 4 ⁄2 0.08 0.05 0.11 0.07 0.16 0.10 0.23 0.14 0.31 0.19
39 49 × 32 4 ⁄4 0.09 0.05 0.12 0.07 0.18 0.11 0.26 0.16 0.35 0.21
42 53 × 34 5 0.10 0.06 0.12 0.08 0.20 0.12 0.29 0.17 0.38 0.23
48 60 × 38 5 ⁄2 0.11 0.07 0.15 0.09 0.21 0.12 0.33 0.20 0.44 0.26
54 68 × 43 6 0.12 0.08 0.18 0.11 0.27 0.16 0.40 0.24 0.53 0.32
60 76 × 48 6 ⁄2 0.16 0.10 0.21 0.12 0.31 0.19 0.47 0.27 . . . . . .
66 83 × 53 7 0.18 0.11 0.24 0.15 0.36 0.21 0.55 0.33 . . . . . .
72 91 × 58 7 ⁄2 0.21 0.12 0.27 0.17 0.41 0.24 . . . . . . . . . . . .
78 98 × 63 8 0.23 0.14 0.31 0.19 0.47 0.27 . . . . . . . . . . . .
84 106 × 68 8 ⁄2 0.26 0.16 0.35 0.21 0.53 0.32 . . . . . . . . . . . .
90 113 × 72 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
96 121 × 77 9 ⁄2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
102 128 × 82 9 ⁄4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
108 136 × 87 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
114 143 × 92 10 ⁄2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
120 151 × 97 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
132 166 × 106 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
144 180 × 116 13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B
Concrete strength , psi 4000 4000 4000 5000 6000
A
For sizes and loads beyond those shown in this table, pipe designs are available which make use of one or a combination of the following: shear steel, multiple cages,
or thicker walls in accordance with the provisions of 7.3.
B
Concrete strength for designs with reinforcement tabulated. For modified or special designs, see 7.3.
6.2.4.1 Portland cement only,
6.2.4.2 Portland blast furnace slag cement only,
6.2.4.3 Portland pozzolan cement only,
6.2.4.4 Portland-limestone cement only,
6.2.4.5 A combination of portland cement or portland-limestone cement and slag cement,
6.2.4.6 A combination of portland cement or portland-limestone cement and fly ash,
6.2.4.7 A combination of portland cement or portland-limestone cement, slag cement, and fly ash, or
6.2.4.8 A combination of portland-pozzolan cement and fly ash.
6.3 Aggregates—Aggregates shall conform to the requirements of Specification C33/C33M, except that the requirement for
gradation shall not apply.
6.4 Admixtures—The following admixtures and blends are allowable:
6.4.1 Air-entraining admixture conforming to Specification C260/C260M;
C507 − 22
6.4.2 Chemical admixture conforming to Specification C494/C494M;
6.4.3 Chemical admixture for use in producing flowing concrete conforming to Specification C1017/C1017M; and
6.4.4 Chemical admixture or blend approved by the owner.
6.5 Steel Reinforcement—Reinforcement shall consist of wire or welded wire conforming to Specification A1064/A1064M, or of
bars conforming to Specification A36/A36M, Specification A615/A615M Grade 40 or 60, or Specification A706/A706M Grade
60. For helically wound cages only, weld shear tests are not required.
6.6 Fibers—Synthetic fibers and nonsynthetic fibers shall be allowed to be used, at the manufacturer’s option, in concrete pipe as
a nonstructural manufacturing material. Synthetic fibers (Type II and Type III) and nonsynthetic fiber (Type I) designed and
manufactured specifically for use in concrete and conforming to the requirements of Specification C1116/C1116M shall be
accepted.
6.7 Water—Water used in the production of concrete shall be potable or nonpotable water that meets the requirements of
Specification C1602/C1602M.
7. Design
7.1 Size and Shape—The standard sizes of elliptical pipe shall be as listed in Table 1 and Table 2. The internal shape for each size
pipe shall be defined by the internal dimensions shown in Fig. 5, subject to the permissible variations of 12.1.
7.2 Design Tables—The wall thickness, compressive strength of concrete, and the area of circumferential reinforcement shall be
as prescribed in Table 1 and Table 2, subject to the provisions of 7.3 and Sections 11 and 12.
7.2.1 Footnotes to the tables herein are intended to be amplifications of the tabulated requirements and are to be considered
applicable and binding as if they were contained in the body of the specification.
NOTE 1—The total reinforcement area (Asi) of the inner cage plus the quadrant mat in Quadrants 1 and 2 shall not be less than that specified for the
inner cage in Table 1.
NOTE 2—The total reinforcement area (Aso) of the outer cage plus the quadrant mat in Quadrants 3 and 4 shall not be less than that specified for the
outer cage in Table 1.
NOTE 3—The reinforcement area (A'si) of the inner cage in Quadrants 3 and 4 shall be not less than 25 % of that specified for the inner cage in Table
1.
NOTE 4—The reinforcement area (A'so) of the outer cage in Quadrants 1 and 2 shall be not less than 25 % of that specified for the outer cage in Table
1.
FIG. 1 Quadrant Reinforcement, Horizontal Elliptical Pipe
C507 − 22
NOTE 1—The total reinforcement area of the inner cage plus the middle cage shall not be less than that specified for the inner cage in Table 1.
NOTE 2—The total reinforcement area of the outer cage plus the middle cage shall not be less than that specified for the outer cage in Table 1.
FIG. 2 Horizontal Elliptical Pipe
NOTE 1—The total reinforcement area (Asi) of the inner cage plus the quadrant mat in Quadrants 1 and 2 shall not be less than that specified for the
inner cage in Table 2.
NOTE 2—The total reinforcement area (Aso) of the outer cage plus the quadrant mat in Quadrants 3 and 4 shall not be less than that specified for the
outer cage in Table 2.
NOTE 3—The reinforcement area (A'si) of the inner cage in Quadrants 3 and 4 shall be not less than 25 % of that specified for the inner cage in Table
2.
NOTE 4—The reinforcement area (A'so) of the outer cage in Quadrants 1 and 2 shall be not less than 25 % of that specified for the outer cage in Table
2.
FIG. 3 Quadrant Reinforcement, Vertical Elliptical Pipe
7.3 Modified and Special Designs:
7.3.1 If permitted by the owner, the manufacturer may request approval by the owner of modified designs which differ from the
designs in this Section 7; or special designs for sizes and loads beyond those shown in Table 1 and Table 2; or special designs for
pipe sizes that do not have steel reinforcement areas shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
7.3.2 Such modified and special designs shall be based on rational or empirical evaluations of the ultimate strength and cracking
behavior of pipe and shall fully describe to the owner any deviations from the requirements of this section. The descriptions of
modified or special designs shall include the wall thickness, the concrete strength, and the area, type, placement, number of layers,
and strength of the steel reinforcement.
7.3.3 The manufacturer shall submit to the owner proof of the adequacy of the proposed modified and special design. Such proof
may comprise the submission of certified three-edge-bearing tests already made, which are acceptable to the owner or, if such
C507 − 22
NOTE 1—The total reinforcement area of the inner cage plus the middle cage shall not be less than that specified for the inner cage in Table 2.
NOTE 2—The total reinforcement area of the outer cage plus the middle cage shall not be less than that specified for the outer cage in Table 2.
FIG. 4 Vertical Elliptical Pipe
three-edge-bearing tests are not available or acceptable, the manufacturer may be required to perform proof tests on sizes and
classes selected by the owner to demonstrate the adequacy of the proposed design.
7.3.4 Such pipe shall meet all of the test and performance requirements specified by the owner in accordance with Section 5.
7.4 Area—In this specification, when the word area is not described by adjectives, such as cross-sectional or single wire, it shall
be understood to be the cross-sectional area of reinforcement per unit lengths of pipe.
8. Reinforcement
8.1 Circumferential Reinforcement—A line of circumferential reinforcement for any given total area may be composed of two
layers for pipe with wall thicknesses of less than 7 in. or three layers for pipe with wall thicknesses of 7 in. or greater. The layers
shall not be separated by more than the thickness of one longitudinal plus ⁄4 in. The multiple layers shall be fastened together to
form a single cage. All other specification requirements such as laps, welds, and tolerances of placement in the wall of the pipe,
etc., shall apply to this method of fabricating a line of reinforcement.
8.1.1 Where one line of reinforcement is used, it shall be placed so that the cover of the concrete over the circumferential
reinforcement at the vertical and horizontal diameters of the pipe is 1 in. from the inside and outside surfaces of the pipe, except
for wall thicknesses less than 2 ⁄2 in., the protective cover of the concrete over the circumferential reinforcement in the wall of the
pipe shall be ⁄4 in.
8.1.2 Where two lines of reinforcement of elliptical shape corresponding to the contour of the pipe are used, each line shall be
so placed that the covering of concrete over the reinforcement is 1 in.
8.1.3 The location of the reinforcement shall be subject to the permissible variations in dimensions given in 11.5. Requirements
for placement and protective covering of the concrete from the inner or outer surface of the pipe do not apply to that portion of
a cage which is flared so as to extend into the bell or reduced in diameter so as to extend into the spigot.
8.1.3.1 Where the wall reinforcement does not extend into the joint, the maximum longitudinal distance to the last circumferential
from the inside shoulder of the bell or the shoulder of the spigot shall be 3 in. except that if this distance exceed one-half the wall
thickness, the pipe wall shall contain at least a total reinforcement area of the minimum specified area per linear foot times the
laying length of the pipe section. The minimum cover on the last circumferential near the spigot shoulder shall be ⁄2 in.
8.1.3.2 Where the reinforcement is i
...