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ASTM D1708-02a

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics By Use of Microtensile Specimens

Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics By Use of Microtensile Specimens

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers certain material specifications for which a history of data has been obtained using the standard microtensile specimen. The specimen geometry has been changed to be equivalent to that of ISO 12086-2:1955. In general, this test method is superseded for general use by either Test Methods D 882 or Test Method D 638. The very small Type V specimen in Test Method D 638 is the recommended specimen when limited amounts of material are available.
1.2 This test method covers the determination of the comparative tensile strength and elongation properties of plastics in the form of standard microtensile test specimens when tested under defined conditions of pretreatment, temperature, humidity, and testing machine speed. It can be used for specimens of any thickness up to 3.2 mm (1/8 in.), including thin films.
1.3 This test method cannot be used for the determination of modulus of elasticity. For the determination of modulus, see Test Method D 638 or Test Methods D 882.
1.4 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—There is no equivalent or similar ISO standard.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Aug-2002
ICS
83.080.01 - Plastics in general
Technical Committee
D20 - Plastics
Drafting Committee
D20.10 - Mechanical Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D1708-02 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics By Use of Microtensile Specimens
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Replaced By
ASTM D1708-06 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics by Use of Microtensile Specimens
Effective Date
01-May-2006
Referred By
ASTM F561-19 - Standard Practice for Retrieval and Analysis of Medical Devices, and Associated Tissues and Fluids
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D5204-22 - Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Polyamide-Imide (PAI) Molding and Extrusion Materials
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D4894-19 - Standard Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Granular Molding and Ram Extrusion Materials
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM F1635-16 - Standard Test Method for <emph type="bdit">in vitro</emph> Degradation Testing of Hydrolytically Degradable Polymer Resins and Fabricated Forms for Surgical Implants
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D7194-19 - Standard Specification for Aerospace Parts Machined from Polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE)
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D3295-20 - Standard Specification for PTFE Tubing, Miniature Beading and Spiral Cut Tubing
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D3294-22 - Standard Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Resin Molded Sheet and Molded Basic Shapes
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D3307-21 - Standard Specification for Perfluoroalkoxy (PFA) Resin Molding and Extrusion Materials
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D2116-16(2021) - Standard Specification for FEP Resin Molding and Extrusion Materials
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM F2150-19 - Standard Guide for Characterization and Testing of Biomaterial Scaffolds Used in Regenerative Medicine and Tissue-Engineered Medical Products
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D6456-10(2018) - Standard Specification for Finished Parts Made from Polyimide Resin
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM D4895-18(2023) - Standard Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Resin Produced From Dispersion
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002
Referred By
ASTM F3510-21 - Standard Guide for Characterizing Fiber-Based Constructs for Tissue-Engineered Medical Products
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002

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ASTM D1708-02a - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics By Use of Microtensile SpecimensASTM D1708-02a - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics By Use of Microtensile Specimens
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ASTM D1708-02a - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics By Use of Microtensile Specimens
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D1708–02a
Standard Test Method for
Tensile Properties of Plastics By Use of Microtensile
1
Specimens
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1708; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope D 882 Test Methods for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic
2
Sheeting
1.1 This test method covers certain material specifications
2
D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
forwhichahistoryofdatahasbeenobtainedusingthestandard
D 4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Mate-
microtensile specimen. The specimen geometry has been
3
rials
changed to be equivalent to that of ISO 12086-2:1955. In
D 4066 Specification for Nylon Injection and Extrusion
general,thistestmethodissupersededforgeneralusebyeither
3
Materials
Test Methods D 882 or Test Method D 638. The very small
D 4968 Guide for Annual Review of Test Methods and
Type V specimen in Test Method D 638 is the recommended
4
Specifications for Plastics
specimen when limited amounts of material are available.
D 5947 Test Methods for Physical Dimensions of Solid
1.2 This test method covers the determination of the com-
4
Plastics Specimens
parativetensilestrengthandelongationpropertiesofplasticsin
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
the form of standard microtensile test specimens when tested
5
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
under defined conditions of pretreatment, temperature, humid-
2.2 ISO Standard:
ity, and testing machine speed. It can be used for specimens of
1 ISO 12086-2:1995 Plastics—Fluoropolymer Dispersion,
any thickness up to 3.2 mm ( ⁄8 in.), including thin films.
Moulding, and Extrusion Materials—Part 2 Preparation of
1.3 Thistestmethodcannotbeusedforthedeterminationof
6
Test Specimens and Determination of Properties
modulus of elasticity. For the determination of modulus, see
Test Method D 638 or Test Methods D 882.
3. Terminology
1.4 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and
3.1 Definitions: Definitions of terms applying to this test
appropriate for use in engineering design.
method appear in Terminology D 883 and Test Method D 638,
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
Annex A2.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
4. Significance and Use
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 This test method provides data for quality control and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
acceptance or rejection under specifications.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.2 Before proceeding with this test method, reference
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
should be made to the ASTM specification of the material
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
being tested. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning,
NOTE 1—There is no equivalent or similar ISO standard.
dimensions, or testing parameters, or combination thereof,
covered in the materials specification shall take precedence
2. Referenced Documents
over those mentioned in this test method. If there are no
2.1 ASTM Standards:
material specifications, then the default conditions herein
2
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
apply. Table 1 of Classification System D 4000 lists theASTM
2
D 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
materials standards that currently exist.
1 3
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.02.
4
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.03.
5
Current edition approved August 10, 2002. Published October 2002. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
6
published as D 1708 – 59 T. Last previous edition D 1708 – 02. Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 W. 43rd St., 4th
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01. Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1708–02a
TABLE 1 Tensile Strength at Break for Seven Laboratories and
6.2 All surfaces of the specimen shall be free of visible
Two Materials, MPa
flaws, scratches, or imperfections. Marks left by coarse ma-
Test
chiningoperationsshallbecarefullyremovedwithafinefileor
A B C D
Material Speed, Average S S r R
r R
abrasive, and the filed surfaces shall then be smoothed with
...

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4.1 The test methods are intended to be rapid empirical tests which have been found to be useful in the relative comparison of materials having the same nominal thickness.
Note 2: When the plastic material contains plasticizer, loss from the plastic is assumed to be primarily plasticizer. The effect of moisture is considered to be negligible.  
4.2 Correlation with ultimate application for various plastic materials shall be determined by the user.
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1.1 These test methods cover the determination of volatile loss from a plastic material under defined conditions of time and temperature, using activated carbon as the immersion medium.  
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ASTM D883-23(Terminology)
Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics

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1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical terms used in the plastics industry. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.  
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1.3 Definitions that are identical to those published by another standards body are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization; for example, IUPAC is the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.  
1.4 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in discussion notes.
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1.4.1 When a new definition is added to this terminology standard, or the wording of a definition is revised, the date of the change shall be appended to the new or revised definition.  
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5.1 This test method provides a simple means of characterizing the thermomechanical behavior of plastic compositions using very small amounts of material. The data obtained is used for quality control, research and development as well as the establishment of optimum processing conditions.  
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5.1 This test method provides a simple means of characterizing the thermomechanical behavior of plastic compositions using very small amounts of material. The data obtained can be used for quality control and/or research and development purposes. For some classes of materials, such as thermosets, it can also be used to establish optimum processing conditions.  
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1.2 This test method is intended to provide a means for determining the thermomechanical properties (as a function of a number of viscoelastic variables) for a wide variety of plastic materials using nonresonant, forced-vibration techniques as outlined in Practice D4065. Plots of the elastic (storage) modulus, loss (viscous) modulus, complex modulus, and tan delta as a function of frequency, time, or temperature are indicative of significant transitions in the thermomechanical performance of the polymeric material system.  
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Standard Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Tension

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5.1 This test method provides a simple means of characterizing the thermomechanical behavior of plastic materials using very small amounts of material. The data obtained is used for quality control, research and development, as well as the establishment of optimum processing conditions.  
5.2 Dynamic mechanical testing provides a sensitive method for determining thermomechanical characteristics by measuring the elastic and loss moduli as a function of frequency, temperature, or time. Plots of moduli and tan delta of a material versus these variables can be used to provide graphical representation indicative of functional properties, effectiveness of cure (thermosetting resin system), and damping behavior under specified conditions.  
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5.3.1 Modulus as a function of temperature,  
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5.3.3 The effects of processing treatment, including orientation,  
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5.3.5 The effects of substrate types and orientation (fabrication) on elastic modulus,  
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5.3.7 The effects of annealing on modulus and glass transition temperature,  
5.3.8 The effect of aspect ratio on the modulus of fiber reinforcements, and  
5.3.9 The effect of fillers, additives on modulus and glass transition temperature.  
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1.1 This test method outlines the use of dynamic mechanical instrumentation for gathering and reporting the viscoelastic properties of thermoplastic and thermosetting resins and composite systems in the form of rectangular specimens molded directly or cut from sheets, plates, or molded shapes. The tensile data generated is used to identify the thermomechanical properties of a plastic material or composition using a variety of dynamic mechanical instruments.  
1.2 This test method is intended to provide a means for determining viscoelastic properties of a wide variety of plastic materials using nonresonant forced-vibration techniques, in accordance with Practice D4065. Plots of the elastic (storage) modulus; loss (viscous) modulus; complex modulus and tan delta as a function of frequency, time, or temperature are indicative of significant transitions in the thermomechanical performance of the polymeric material system.  
1.3 This test method is valid for a wide range of frequencies, typically from 0.01 Hz to 100 Hz.  
1.4 Due to possible instrumentation compliance, the data generated are intended to indicate relative and not necessarily absolute property values.  
1.5 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides for the measuring of the minimum concentration of oxygen in a flowing mixture of oxygen and nitrogen that will just support flaming combustion of plastics. Correlation with burning characteristics under actual use conditions is not implied.  
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1.3 Test specimens used for this test method are prepared into one of six types of specimens (see Table 1).    
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1.5 This test method also provides for testing flexible sheet or film materials, while supported vertically.  
1.6 This test method is also suitable, in some cases, for cellular materials having an apparent density of less than 15 kg/m3.
Note 1: Although this test method has been found applicable for testing some other materials, the precision of the test method has not been determined for these materials, or for specimen geometries and test conditions outside those recommended herein.  
1.7 This test method measures and describes the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards statement are given in Section 10.  
1.10 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.
Note 2: This test method and ISO 4589-2 are technically equivalent when using the gas measurement and control device described in 6.3.1, with direct oxygen concentration measurement.  
1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D695-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid Plastics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Compression tests provide information about the compressive properties of plastics when employed under conditions approximating those under which the tests are made.  
4.2 Compressive properties include modulus of elasticity, yield stress, deformation beyond yield point, and compressive strength (unless the material merely flattens but does not fracture). Materials possessing a low order of ductility may not exhibit a yield point. In the case of a material that fails in compression by a shattering fracture, the compressive strength has a very definite value. In the case of a material that does not fail in compression by a shattering fracture, the compressive strength is an arbitrary one depending upon the degree of distortion that is regarded as indicating complete failure of the material. Many plastic materials will continue to deform in compression until a flat disk is produced, the compressive stress (nominal) rising steadily in the process, without any well-defined fracture occurring. Compressive strength can have no real meaning in such cases.  
4.3 Compression tests provide a standard method of obtaining data for research and development, quality control, acceptance or rejection under specifications, and special purposes. The tests cannot be considered significant for engineering design in applications differing widely from the load-time scale of the standard test. Such applications require additional tests such as impact, creep, and fatigue.  
4.4 Before proceeding with this test method, reference should be made to the ASTM specification for the material being tested. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, and testing parameters covered in the materials specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there is no material specification, then the default conditions apply. Table 1 in Classification D4000 lists the ASTM materials standards that currently exist.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mechanical properties of unreinforced and reinforced rigid plastics, including high-modulus composites, when loaded in compression at relatively low uniform rates of straining or loading. Test specimens of standard shape are employed. This procedure is applicable for a composite modulus up to and including 41,370 MPa (6,000,000 psi).  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
Note 1: For compressive properties of resin-matrix composites reinforced with oriented continuous, discontinuous, or cross-ply reinforcements, tests may be made in accordance with Test Method D3410/D3410M or D6641/D6641M.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific precautionary statement is given in 13.1.
Note 2: This standard is equivalent to ISO 604.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D1929-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining Ignition Temperature of Plastics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Tests made under conditions herein prescribed can be of considerable value in comparing the relative ignition characteristics of different materials. Values obtained represent the lowest ambient air temperature that will cause ignition of the material under the conditions of this test. Test values are expected to rank materials according to ignition susceptibility under actual use conditions.  
4.2 This test is not intended to be the sole criterion for fire hazard. In addition to ignition temperatures, fire hazards include other factors such as burning rate or flame spread, intensity of burning, fuel contribution, products of combustion, and others.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire test response test method2 covers a laboratory determination of the flash ignition temperature and spontaneous ignition temperature of plastics using a hot-air furnace.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 Caution—During the course of combustion, gases or vapors, or both, are evolved that have the potential to be hazardous to personnel.  
1.4 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire-hazard or fire-risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.5 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 1.3 and 1.4.
Note 1: This test method and ISO 871-2022 (Option 1) are similar in all technical details.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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