ASTM F1909-98

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Designation: F 1909 – 98
Specification for
Preformed Open–Cell Sponge Rubber Pail and Drum
Gaskets
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1909; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This specification covers preformed open–cell sponge 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
rubber gaskets of the following classes for use in new or 3.1.1 cellular material—a generic term for materials con-
reconditioned pails or drums. taining many open cells dispersed throughout the mass.
1.1.1 Class A—Non–Oil Resistant. 3.1.2 flexible cellular material—a flexible, cellular material
1.1.2 Class B—Oil Resistant. that will not rupture within 60 s when a specimen 200 by 25 by
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the 25 mm (8 by 1 by 1 in.) is bent around a 25 mm (1 in.) diameter
standard. mandrel at a uniform rate of one lap in5sinthe form of a helix
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the at a temperature between 18 and 29°C (65 and 85°F).
test methods sections of the specification. This standard does 3.1.3 rubber—a material that is capable of recovering from
not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, large deformations quickly and forcibly.
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this 3.1.4 natural skin—a relatively dense layer at the surface of
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices a cellular material. Normally, this natural skin is formed by
and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior contact with the mold during manufacture. Parts made by
to use. cutting from open–cell (sponge rubber) sheets usually have
natural skin on two faces and open cells at the cut edges.
NOTE 1—ISO Equivalency Statement: This proposed specification was
3.1.5 sponge rubber—cellular rubber consisting of pre-
found to be not equivalent.
dominantly open cells made from a solid rubber compound.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Classification
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 Classes—Cellular rubbers are divided into two classes,
D 395 Test Methods for Rubber Property—Compression
2 which are designated by the letters A and B added to the
Set
number prefix.
D 471 Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liq-
2 4.1.1 Class A—Cellular rubbers made from natural rubber,
uids
reclaimed rubber, synthetic rubber, or rubber-like materials,
D 573 Test Method for Rubber—Deterioration in an Air
2 alone or in combination, where specific resistance to the action
Oven
of petroleum–base oils is not required.
D 575 Test Methods for Rubber Properties in Compression
4.1.2 Class B—Cellular rubbers made from synthetic rubber
D 1056 Specification for Flexible Cellular Materials—
or rubber-like materials, alone or in combination, having
Sponge or Expanded Rubber
specific requirements for oil resistance.
D 3182 Practice for Rubber—Materials, Equipment, and
4.2 Grades—Each class is divided into three different
Procedures for Mixing Standard Compounds and Prepar-
grades. Each grade is based on a specific range of firmness as
ing Standard Vulcanized Sheets
expressed by a 25 % compression. Grades are designated by
D 3183 Practice for Rubber—Preparation of Pieces for Test
digit, the softer grades being identified with the lower numbers
Purposes from Products
and the harder grades being identified with the higher numbers.
4.2.1 Grade 1—A compression deflection range from 15 to
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-03 on
50 kPa (2 to 7 psi).
Gaskets and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F03.60 on Specifications
4.2.2 Grade 2—A compression deflection range from 50 to
for Gasket Materials.
85 kPa (7 to 12 psi).
Current edition approved July 10, 1998. Published November 1998.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F 1909
4.2.3 Grade 3—A compression deflection range from 85 to 7. Tolerances on Dimensions
120 kPa (12 to 17 psi).
7.1 Tolerances on dimensions of cellular rubber gaskets
shall be as specified in Table 2.
5. Materials and Manufacture
7.2 Measurements of Test Specimens—Thickness and width
5.1 Sponge rubber gaskets are made by incorporating a
shall be measured using a dial–type gage , having a maximum
blowing agent into the compound, such as sodium bicarbonate,
stem and circular foot mass of 25 g and a circular foot 31.8 mm
that gives off a gas which expands the mass during the
(1.250 in.) in diameter.
vulcanization process.
8. Workmanship, Finish and Appearance
5.2 Sponge rubber gaskets are manufactured to specified
dimensions. Unless otherwise specified, gasket sponge rubber 8.1 Cellular rubber gaskets under this specification shall be
shall have a natural skin on both the top and bottom surfaces.
manufactured from natural rubber, synthetic rubber, or rubber-
Fabric surface impressions are not objectionable. like materials, together with added compounding ingredients of
such nature and quality that the finished product complies with
the specification requirements. In permitting choice in the use
TABLE 1 Physical Requirements of Open–Cell Sponge Rubber
of materials by the producer, it is not intended to imply that the
Pail and Drum Gaskets
different rubber materials are equivalent in respect to all
Requirements
Class/ Compression Oil Heat Aged 7 Compression
physical properties. Any special characteristics that may be
Grade at 25 % Immersion Days at Set, 22 h
desired for specific applications other than those prescribed in
Number Deflection 22hat 70°C at 70°C
this specification, shall be stated in the product specifications
(Limits), kPa 70°C (158°F), (158°F) 50 %
(psi) (158°F), Change in Deflection,
as they may influence the choice of the type of rubber material
Change in Original Max %
or other ingredients used. All materials and workmanship shall
Volume in Compression
be in accordance with good commercial practice, and the
ASTM Oil Values
IRM 903 (Limits), %
resulting cellular rubbers shall be free from defects affecting
(Limits), %
serviceability.
Class A, Non-Oil Resistant
A1 15–50 (2–7) — 620 15
9. Sampling
A2 50–85 (7–12) — 620 15
A3 85–120 (12–17) — 620 15
9.1 When possible, the completed manufactured product
Class B, Oil-Resistant, Medium Swell
shall be used for the tests specified. Representative samples of
B1 15–50 (2–7) +10 to +60 620 50
B2 50–85 (7–12) +10 to +60 620 50 the lot being examined shall be selected at random as required.
B3 85–120 (12–17) +10 to +60 620 50
9.2 When the finished product does not lend itself to testing
or to the taking of test specimens because of complicated shape
or other reasons, standard test slabs shall be prepared. When
TABLE 2 Tolerances on Dimensions for Open–Cell Sponge
Rubber Pail or Drum Gaskets differences due to the difficulty in obtaining suitable test
specimens from the finished part arise, manufacturer and
Thickness
purchaser may agree on acceptable deviations. Agreement on
mm (in.) Tolerance 6 mm (in.)
4.8 (0.188) 1.5 (0.062)
acceptable deviations can be achieved by comparing results of
6.4 (0.250) 1.5 (0.062)
standard test specimens and those obtained on actual parts.
7.9 (0.313) 1.5 (0.062)
9.5 (0.375) 1.5 (0.062)
10. General Test Methods
11.1 (0.438) 1.5 (0.062)
12.7 (0.500) 1.5 (0.062)
10.1 Except as otherwise specified in these test methods for
Width open cell rubber, the following test methods shall be complied
with as required and are hereby made a part of this specifica-
mm (in.) Tolerance 6 mm (in.)
4.8 (0.188) 1.5 (0.062)
tion.
6.4 (0.250) 1.5 (0.062)
10.1.1 General Physical Test Requirements—Practices
7.9 (0.313) 1.5 (0.062)
D 3182 and D 3183.
9.5 (0.375) 1.5 (0.062)
11.1 (0.438) 1.5 (0.062)
10.1.2 Compression Deflection Test—Specification D 1056
12.7 (0.500) 1.5 (0.062)
and Section 12 of this specification.
Length
10.1.3 Oil Immersion—Test Method D 471 and Section 13
Dimension mm (in.) of this specification.
As Required—Circular open–cell sponge rubber pail and drum gaskets are
10.1.4 Heat Aging Test—Test Method D 573, with modifi-
manufactured to fit specified pail or drum flanges by cutting to the specified
cations as described in Section 14 of this specification.
length and sealing the cut ends together.
10.1.5 Compression Set—Test Methods D 395 as described
in Section 15 of this specification.
6. Physical Properties
10.2 In case of conflict between provisions of the above test
methods and the procedures herein specifically described for
6.1 The various grades of cellular rubber shall conform to
open cell rubber, the latter shall take precedence.
the requirements as to physical properties in Table 1 and Table
2.
6.2 Color—Unless otherwise specified, the color of cellular
A gauge similar to Federal Products Co. No. 57 B-1Y7692 is satisfactory for
rubber gaskets shall be tan or black. this purpose.
F 1909
11. Test Specimens and Slabs
11.1 Test Specimens—Standard test specimens shall be
circular with a diameter of 28.68 6 .57 mm (1.131 6 .02
...