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ASTM D4985-05

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Low Silicate Ethylene Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Heavy Duty Engines Requiring a Pre-Charge of Supplemental Coolant Additive (SCA)

Standard Specification for Low Silicate Ethylene Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Heavy Duty Engines Requiring a Pre-Charge of Supplemental Coolant Additive (SCA)

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for low silicate ethylene glycol base engine coolants for cooling systems of heavy-duty engines. Such engines are typically used in off-highway machinery for agriculture, mining, earth-moving, and construction; Class 5 to 8 over the road trucks and buses; high output stationary engine installations; and locomotive and marine installations. Prediluted coolants shall be prepared using deionized Ethylene glycol base engine coolant concentrates or prediluted ethylene glycol base engine coolants shall be formulated with ethylene glycol. The coolants shall conform to the prescribed physical, chemical, and performance requirements, which include relative density, freezing point, boiling point, ash content, pH, reserve alkalinity, water content, chloride ion content, silicon content, corrosion in glassware, simulated service test, foaming, and cavitation. The color and effect of nonmetals of the coolant shall be evaluated. Prediluted coolant shall also meet the required content of sulfate and iron. Its CaCO3 content shall be tested to determine its hardness.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for low silicate ethylene glycol base engine coolants for cooling systems of heavy-duty engines. When concentrates are used at 40 to 60 % concentration by volume in water, or when prediluted glycol base engine coolants (50 volume % minimum) are used without further dilution, they will function effectively to provide protection against corrosion, freezing to at least -37°C (-34°F), and boiling to at least 108°C (226°F).
Note 1—This specification is based on the knowledge of the performance of engine coolants prepared from new or virgin ingredients. A separate specification exists (D 6210) for heavy-duty engine coolants which may be prepared from recycled or reprocessed used coolant or reprocessed industrial-source ethylene glycol.
1.2 Coolants meeting this specification require an initial charge of a supplemental coolant additive (SCA) and require regular maintenance doses of an SCA to continue the protection in certain operating heavy-duty engine cooling systems, particularly those of the wet cylinder liner-in-block design. The SCA additions are defined by and are the primary responsibility of the engine manufacturer or vehicle manufacturer. If they provide no instructions, follow the SCA supplier's recommended instructions.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2005
ICS
71.100.45 - Refrigerants and antifreezes
Technical Committee
D15 - Engine Coolants and Related Fluids
Drafting Committee
D15.07 - Specifications
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D4985-03 - Standard Specification for Low Silicate Ethylene Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Heavy Duty Engines Requiring a Pre-Charge of Supplemental Coolant Additive (SCA)
Effective Date
01-Oct-2005
Replaced By
ASTM D4985-09 - Standard Specification for Low Silicate Ethylene Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Heavy Duty Engines Requiring a Pre-Charge of Supplemental Coolant Additive (SCA)
Effective Date
01-Mar-2009
Referred By
ASTM D4725-15(2023) - Standard Terminology for Engine Coolants and Related Fluids
Effective Date
01-Oct-2005
Referred By
ASTM D3306-21 - Standard Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Automobile and Light-Duty Service
Effective Date
01-Oct-2005
Referred By
ASTM D5752-10(2017) - Standard Specification for Supplemental Coolant Additives (SCAs) for Use in Precharging Coolants for Heavy-Duty Engines
Effective Date
01-Oct-2005
Referred By
ASTM D2570-16 - Standard Test Method for Simulated Service Corrosion Testing of Engine Coolants
Effective Date
01-Oct-2005

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ASTM D4985-05 - Standard Specification for Low Silicate Ethylene Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Heavy Duty Engines Requiring a Pre-Charge of Supplemental Coolant Additive (SCA)ASTM D4985-05 - Standard Specification for Low Silicate Ethylene Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Heavy Duty Engines Requiring a Pre-Charge of Supplemental Coolant Additive (SCA)
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ASTM D4985-05 - Standard Specification for Low Silicate Ethylene Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Heavy Duty Engines Requiring a Pre-Charge of Supplemental Coolant Additive (SCA)
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 4985 – 05
Standard Specification for
Low Silicate Ethylene Glycol Base Engine Coolant for Heavy
Duty Engines Requiring a Pre-Charge of Supplemental
1
Coolant Additive (SCA)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4985; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for low
silicate ethylene glycol base engine coolants for cooling
2. Referenced Documents
systems of heavy-duty engines.When concentrates are used at
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
40 to 60% concentration by volume in water, or when
D512 Test Methods for Chloride Ion in Water
prediluted glycol base engine coolants (50 volume % mini-
D516 Test Method for Sulfate Ion in Water
mum) are used without further dilution, they will function
D 1119 Test Method for Percent Ash Content of Engine
effectively to provide protection against corrosion, freezing to
Coolants and Antirusts
at least −37°C (−34°F), and boiling to at least 108°C (226°F).
D1120 Test Method for Boiling Point of Engine Coolants
NOTE 1—This specification is based on the knowledge of the perfor-
D1121 Test Method for Reserve Alkalinity of Engine
mance of engine coolants prepared from new or virgin ingredients. A
Coolants and Antirusts
separate specification exists (D6210) for heavy-duty engine coolants
D1122 Test Method for Density and Relative Density of
which may be prepared from recycled or reprocessed used coolant or
Engine Coolant Concentrates and Engine Coolants by the
reprocessed industrial-source ethylene glycol.
Hydrometer
1.2 Coolants meeting this specification require an initial
D1123 Test Methods forWater in Engine Coolant Concen-
charge of a supplemental coolant additive (SCA) and require
trate by the Karl Fischer Reagent Method
regular maintenance doses of an SCA to continue the protec-
D1126 Test Method for Hardness in Water
tion in certain operating heavy-duty engine cooling systems,
D1177 Test Method for Freezing Point ofAqueous Engine
particularlythoseofthewetcylinderliner-in-blockdesign.The
Coolants
SCAadditionsaredefinedbyandaretheprimaryresponsibility
D1287 Test Method for pH of Engine Coolants and Anti-
of the engine manufacturer or vehicle manufacturer. If they
rusts
provide no instructions, follow the SCA supplier’s recom-
D1293 Test Methods for pH of Water
mended instructions.
D1384 TestMethodforCorrosionTestforEngineCoolants
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
in Glassware
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
D1881 Test Method for Foaming Tendencies of Engine
only.
Coolants in Glassware
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D1882 TestMethodforEffectofCoolingSystemChemical
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Solutions on Organic Finishes for Automotive Vehicles
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1 2
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD15onEngine For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
CoolantsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD15.07onSpecifications. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2005. Published November 2005. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D4985–03. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4985–05
TABLE 1 Physical and Chemical Requirements
D1888 Test Methods for Particulate and Dissolved Matter,
Solids, or Residue in Water Specific Values
D2570 Test Method for Simulated Service Corrosion Test-
ASTM Test
Property Concentrate Predilute
Method
ing of Engine Coolants
D2809 Test Method for Cavitation Corrosion and Erosion- Relative density, 15.5/15.5°C 1.110 to 1.145 1.065 min D 1122, D 5931
(60/60°F)
Corrosion Characteristics of Aluminum Pumps With En-
gine Coolants
Freezing point, °C (°F): D 1177, D 6660
D3306 Specification for Glycol Base Engine Coolant for 50 vol % in DI water −37 (−34) max
Undiluted −37 (−34) max
Automobile and Light-Duty Service
A
D3634 Test Method for Trace Chloride Ion in Engine
Boiling point, °C (°F): D 1120
Coolants Undiluted 163 (325) min 108 (226) min
50 vol % in
...

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ABSTRACT
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1.1 This specification covers the requirements for low silicate ethylene glycol base engine coolants for cooling systems of heavy-duty engines. When concentrates are used at 40 % to 60 % concentration by volume in water, or when prediluted glycol base engine coolants (50 volume % minimum) are used without further dilution, they will function effectively to provide protection against corrosion, freezing to at least −36.4 °C (−33.5 °F), and boiling to at least 108 °C (226 °F).
Note 1: This specification is based on the knowledge of the performance of engine coolants prepared from new or virgin ingredients. A separate specification exists (Specification D6210) for heavy-duty engine coolants which may be prepared from recycled or reprocessed used coolant or reprocessed industrial-source ethylene glycol.  
1.2 Coolants meeting this specification require an initial charge of a supplemental coolant additive (SCA) and require regular maintenance doses of an SCA to continue the protection in certain operating heavy-duty engine cooling systems, particularly those of the wet cylinder liner-in-block design. The SCA additions are defined by and are the primary responsibility of the engine manufacturer or vehicle manufacturer. If they provide no instructions, follow the SCA supplier's recommended instructions.  
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This specification establishes the testing and requirements of four types of engine coolant grade ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, including virgin glycols and those derived from the recycling of vehicle engine coolants and industrial source glycols. Types EG-1 and PG-1 cover glycols with sufficiently low limits on components to allow a blended coolant to meet most OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) specifications. These types will probably be virgin materials, although redistillation could produce a sufficiently pure product. Types EG-2 and PG-2 cover glycol that will be suitable for many coolants, and can either be redistilled or virgin. The commercial products shall be suitably sampled and tested, and shall conform accordingly to specified values of the following physical and chemical properties: clarity; color (Pt/Co scale); relative density; pH by volume in distilled water; acidity as acetic acid; composition by mass of individual glycols (including ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and others); total composition by mass of all glycols; water content; glycol ester content; and the maximum content for nitrites, nitrates, phosphates, silicon, chloride, sulfate, boron, aluminum, calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, lead, zinc, and iron.
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1.1 This specification covers commercial products, engine coolant grade ethylene glycol and propylene glycol, including virgin glycols and those derived from the recycling of vehicle engine coolants and industrial source glycols.  
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1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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Standard Test Method for Freezing Point of Aqueous Engine Coolants

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The freezing point of an engine coolant indicates the coolant freeze protection.  
5.2 The freezing point of an engine coolant may be used to determine the approximate glycol or glycerin content, provided the glycol type is known.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the freezing point of an aqueous engine coolant solution in the laboratory.  
Note 1: Where solutions of specific concentrations are to be tested, they shall be prepared from representative samples as directed in Practice D1176. Secondary phases separating on dilution need not be separated.
Note 2: These products may also be marketed in a ready-to-use form (prediluted).  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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