ASTM D5773-15
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Constant Cooling Rate Method)
Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Constant Cooling Rate Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The cloud point of petroleum products and biodiesel fuels is an index of the lowest temperature of their utility for certain applications. Wax crystals of sufficient quantity can plug filters used in some fuel systems.
5.2 Petroleum blending operations require a precise measurement of the cloud point.
5.3 This test method can determine the temperature of the test specimen at which wax crystals have formed sufficiently to be observed as a cloud with a resolution of 0.1 °C.
5.4 This test method provides results that are equivalent to Test Method D2500.
Note 1: This is based on the Test Method D2500 equivalent cloud point in which the 0.1 °C result is rounded to the next lower integer.
5.5 This test method determines the cloud point in a shorter period of time than Test Method D2500.
Note 2: In cases of samples with cloud points near ambient temperatures, time savings may not be realized.
5.6 This test method eliminates most of the operator time required of Test Method D2500.
5.7 This test method does not require the use of a mechanical refrigeration apparatus.
Note 3: In certain cases of high ambient temperature, a source of cooling water may be required to measure low temperature cloud points (see 7.1).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the cloud point of petroleum products and biodiesel fuels that are transparent in layers 40 mm in thickness by an automatic instrument using a constant cooling rate.
1.2 This test method covers the range of temperatures from −60 °C to +49 °C with temperature resolution of 0.1 °C, however, the range of temperatures included in the 1997 interlaboratory cooperative test program only covered the temperature range of –56 °C to +34 °C.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D5773 − 15
Designation:IP 446/09
Standard Test Method for
Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Constant Cooling Rate
1
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5773; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This test method describes an alternative procedure for the determination of cloud point of
petroleum productsTest Method D2500/IP219 using an automatic apparatus.The temperature results
from this test method have been found to be equivalent to Test Method D2500/IP 219. When
specification requires Test Method D2500/IP 219, do not substitute this test method or any other
method without obtaining comparative data and agreement from the specifier.
1. Scope* D4057Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the cloud
D4177Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
point of petroleum products and biodiesel fuels that are
Petroleum Products
transparent in layers 40mm in thickness by an automatic
3
2.2 Energy Institute Standard:
instrument using a constant cooling rate.
IP 219Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
1.2 This test method covers the range of temperatures from
−60°C to +49°C with temperature resolution of 0.1°C,
3. Terminology
however, the range of temperatures included in the 1997
3.1 Definitions:
interlaboratory cooperative test program only covered the
3.1.1 biodiesel, n—afuelcomprisedofmono-alkylestersof
temperature range of –56°C to +34°C.
long-chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
fats, designated B100.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Biodiesel is typically produced by a
standard.
reaction of vegetable oil or animal fat with an alcohol such as
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the methanol or ethanol in the presence of a catalyst to yield
mono-estersandglycerin.Thefueltypicallymaycontainupto
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 14differenttypesoffattyacidsthatarechemicallytransformed
into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME).
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.2 biodiesel blend, n—a blend of biodiesel fuel with
petroleum-based diesel fuel designated BXX, where XX is the
2. Referenced Documents
volume percentage of biodiesel.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.3 cloud point, n— in petroleum products and biodiesel
D2500Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
fuels, the temperature of a liquid specimen when the smallest
observable cluster of hydrocarbon crystals first occurs upon
cooling under prescribed conditions.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
3.1.3.1 Discussion—The cloud point occurs when the tem-
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.07 on Flow Properties. perature of the specimen is low enough to cause hydrocarbon
Current edition approved April 1, 2015. Published April 2015. Originally
crystals to precipitate. In a homogeneous liquid, the cloud is
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D5773–10. DOI:
always noted first at the location in the specimen where the
10.1520/D5773-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR,
the ASTM website. U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5773 − 15
specimen temperature is the lowest. The cloud point is the anceofacloudofwaxcrystalsisfirstdetectedinthespecimen
temperatureatwhichthecrystalsfirstoccur,regardlessoftheir is recorded to 0.1°C resolution. When the recorded tempera-
locationinthespecimen,andnotafterextensivecrystallization ture is rounded to the next lower integer temperature, it is
has taken place. The hydrocarbon crystals that precipitate at designatedastheD2500/IP219equivalentcloudpointperTest
lower temperatures are typically, but not excluded to, straight Method D5773.
chain hydrocarbons commonly cal
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5773 − 10 D5773 − 15
Designation: 446/99IP 446/09
Standard Test Method for
Cloud Point of Petroleum Products (Constant Cooling Rate
1
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5773; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This test method describes an alternative procedure for the determination of cloud point of
petroleum products Test Method D2500/IP 219 using an automatic apparatus. The temperature results
from this test method have been found to be equivalent to Test Method D2500/IP 219. When
specification requires Test Method D2500/IP 219, do not substitute this test method or any other
method without obtaining comparative data and agreement from the specifier.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the cloud point of petroleum products and biodiesel fuels that are transparent
in layers 40 mm 40 mm in thickness by an automatic instrument using a constant cooling rate.
1.2 This test method covers the range of temperatures from −60−60 °C to +49°C+49 °C with temperature resolution of
0.1°C,0.1 °C, however, the range of temperatures included in the 1997 interlaboratory cooperative test program only covered the
temperature range of –56–56 °C to +34°C.+34 °C.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
3
2.2 Energy Institute Standard:
IP 219 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 biodiesel, n—a fuel comprised of mono-alkyl esters of long-chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats,
designated B100.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.07 on Flow Properties.
Current edition approved May 1, 2010April 1, 2015. Published August 2010April 2015. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20072010 as
D5773D5773 – 10.–07. DOI: 10.1520/D5773-10.10.1520/D5773-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR, U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5773 − 15
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
Biodiesel is typically produced by a reaction of vegetable oil or animal fat with an alcohol such as methanol or ethanol in the
presence of a catalyst to yield mono-esters and glycerin. The fuel typically may contain up to 14 different types of fatty acids that
are chemically transformed into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME).
3.1.2 biodiesel blend, n—a blend of biodiesel fuel with petroleum-based diesel fuel designated BXX, where XX is the volume
percentage of biodiesel.
3.1.3 cloud point, n— in petroleum products and biodiesel fuels, the temperature of a liquid specimen when the smallest
observable cluster of hydrocarbon crystals first occurs upon cooling under prescribed conditions.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—
The cloud point occurs when the temperature of the specimen is low enough to cause hydrocarbon crystals to precipitate. In a
homogeneous liquid, the cloud is always noted first at the location in the specimen where the specimen temperature is the lowest.
The cloud point is the temperature at whi
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