ASTM C969-94(2000)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: C 969 – 94 (Reapproved 2000)
Standard Practice for
Infiltration and Exfiltration Acceptance Testing of Installed
Precast Concrete Pipe Sewer Lines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 969; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope determined. If the rate is less than or equal to the allowable
limit, the section of sewer tested is acceptable.
1.1 This practice covers procedures for testing installed
4.3 For the exfiltration test, the sewer line is filled with
precast concrete pipe sewer lines using either water infiltration
water to the recommended test head and the rate of water loss
or exfiltration acceptance limits to demonstrate the integrity of
is determined. If the rate is less than or equal to the allowable
the installed materials and construction procedure.
limit, the section of sewer tested is acceptable.
1.2 A complete metric companion to this practice has been
developed—C 969M; therefore, no metric equivalents are
5. Significance and Use
presented in this practice.
5.1 This is not a routine test. The values recorded are
NOTE 1—The owner should specify the following: who will conduct,
applicable only to the sewer being tested and at the time of
observe, and furnish labor, furnish material and measuring devices, and
testing.
pay for the tests; who is responsible for determining local groundwater
conditions; and which test is to be conducted, that is, an infiltration test or
6. Preparation of the Sewer Line
an exfiltration test.
6.1 The sewer line should be free of debris prior to testing.
NOTE 2—Test criteria presented in this practice are similar to those in
general use. Pipe, 24-in. diameter or larger, may be accepted by visual 6.2 The manholes, the ends of the branches, laterals, wyes
inspection when testing for infiltration.
and stubs to be included in the test shall be plugged. All plugs
shall be secured to prevent leakage blowout due to testing
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
pressure.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
7. Procedure
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
7.1 Infiltration Testing:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
7.1.1 Conduct testing from manhole to manhole or between
2. Referenced Documents
more than two manholes. The length of main tested shall not
exceed 700 ft.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
7.1.2 Stop all dewatering operations and allow the ground-
C 822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related
water to return to its normal level. Infiltration testing should
Products
not be used unless the groundwater level is at least 2 ft above
3. Terminology
the crown of the pipe for the entire length of the test section.
7.1.3 Plug all pipe outlets discharging into the upstream
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to con-
manhole.
crete pipe, see Terminology C 822.
7.1.4 Measure the groundwater elevation and determine the
4. Summary of Practice
average head over the test section.
7.1.5 Measure infiltration leakage at the outlet of the test
4.1 Determine the groundwater conditions surrounding the
section. Because leakage allowances are small, measurements
section of sewer to be tested and select the type of test to be
are best made by either timing the filling of a small container
conducted.
of known volume, or by directing flow into a container for a
4.2 For the infiltration test, the amount of water leaking into
specified time and measuring the content, or by using small
the sewer line is measured, and the rate of infiltration is
weirs.
7.1.6 If the measured rate of leakage is less than or equal to
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on Concrete
the allowable leakage in accordance with 8.1, the section of
Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.09 on Methods of Test.
sewer tested is acceptable.
Current edition approved July 15, 1994. Published September 1994. Originally
e1
published as C 969–82. Last previous edition C 969–82 (1990) .
7.1.7 If the test section fails, it may be repaired and retested
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.05.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
C 969
NOTE 3—The average head on the test section is the head above the
in accordance with this practice.
crown of the pipe at the upstream manhole plus the head above the crown
7.2 Exfiltration Testing:
of the pipe at the downstream manhole divided by two.
7.2.1 Conduct testing from manhole to manhole or between
more than two manholes. The length of main tested shall not
8.1.2 When the average groundwater head on the test
exceed 700 ft.
section is greater than 6 ft, the allowable leakage should be
7.2.2 Determine the groundwater elevation at both ends of
increased in proportion to the ratio of the square root of the
the test section. If the groundwater level is less than 2 ft above
average groundwater head to the square root of the base head
the crown of the pipe measured from the highest elevation of
of 6 ft.
the sewer, the exfiltration test should be used.
8.1.3 Manholes may be tested separately and independently
7.2.3 Plug all pipe outlets discharging into the upstream
with the allowance of 0.1 gal/(ft of diameter) (ft of head) (h).
manhole and the test section outlet. Fill the sewer line with
If building or house leads a
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