ASTM D1464-12(2019)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D1464 − 12 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Practice for
Differential Dyeing Behavior of Cotton
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1464; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2 For all other terminology related to textiles, see Termi-
nology D123.
1.1 This practice covers a test for the characterization of
certain dyeing behavior of cotton. This practice is especially
4. Summary of Practice
applicable to raw cotton fibers, but may also be adapted to
4.1 Specimens are dyed under specified conditions in a bath
cotton yarns and fabrics.
containing a mixture of prescribed red and green dyes. The
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
resultant colors are compared with those of cottons of known
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
dyeing behavior or fiber properties.
standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.1 This practice is not recommended for acceptance testing
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
because the information obtained is qualitative rather than
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
quantitative in nature.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- 5.2 The response of fibers to the dye mixture is indicative of
the uniformity of dyeing, the probability of dyeing defects due
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the to neps, and the difficulties to be expected from heterogeneity
of fibers that differ in dyeing characteristics. In general, the red
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
dye is retained predominantly by the thick-walled fibers and
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
the green by the thin-walled fibers.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.3 The color response of the specimens to the dyes in the
2. Referenced Documents
binary mixture reflects the behavior to be expected with many
other dyes. The colors from red to green may be influenced by
2.1 ASTM Standards:
factors such as weather during the growing period, exposure of
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
open bolls in the field before harvest, natural color, fineness,
D1441 Practice for Sampling Cotton Fibers for Testing
and degree of wall development.
D3775 Test Method for End (Warp) and Pick (Filling) Count
of Woven Fabrics
6. Apparatus
D7139 Terminology for Cotton Fibers
6.1 Balance,havingacapacityof1000gandasensitivityof
3. Terminology
0.05 g.
3.1 ForallterminologyrelatedtoD13.11,CottonFibers,see
6.2 Beakers, preferably of stainless steel, having capacities
Terminology D7139.
of 400, 1200, 2000, and 3000 mL.
3.1.1 The following term is relevant to this standard: differ-
6.3 Clothes Wringer, or Centrifuge.
ential dyeing behavior.
6.4 Cylinders, graduated, having capacities of 5, 10, 25, 50,
100, and 500 mL or Burets (automatic, screw-top, acid-bottle
type preferred).
ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD13onTextilesand
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.11 on Cotton Fibers.
6.5 Büchner Filter Funnel, coarse, fritted-disk, 80-mm.
Current edition approved July 1, 2019. Published July 2019. Originally approved
6.6 Source of Suction.
in 1957 as 1957T. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D1464 – 12. DOI:
10.1520/D1464-12R19.
6.7 Sewing Machine, or Needle and Thread.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.8 Timer (with Second Hand), or Stop Watch.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 6.9 Wiley Mill, laboratory model.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D1464 − 12 (2019)
7. Reagents and Material stirring, 2.5 mLof the sodium chloride stock solution per gram
of the total weight (specimen and gauze), and sufficient
7.1 Dyes:
distilled water to maintain the 40 mL volume for each gram of
7.1.1 CI Direct Green 26 (Color Index No. 34045), 1 g/100
the total weight. Submerge the specimens in the boiling bath
mL stock solution.
forasecond15mindyeingperiod;thenliftthespecimenabove
7.1.2 CI Direct Red 81 (Color Index No. 28160), 0.5 g/100
the bath and add, while stirring, a second 2.5 mLof the sodium
mL stock solution.
chloride stock solution, per gram of the original total weight.
7.2 Distilled Water.
Replace the specimens in the boiling dye bath for a final 15
min. The total dyeing time is 45 min.
7.3 Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose, low viscosity.
7.4 Sodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose Solution (1 %)— 10.4 Lift the dyed specimen from the bath, squeeze, cool,
and wash with two changes of distilled water at room tempera-
Dissolve 0.1 g of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in distilled
water and dilute to 100 mL. ture in the proportion of 50 mL of water to1gofair-dry total
weight. Squeeze out the excess water and pull apart the matted
NOTE 1—Any commercially available distilled water or water singly
fibers while in the gauze bag. Dip the bagged specimen into
distilled in laboratory glassware is acceptable.
vigorously boiling distilled water (50 times the original total
7.5 Sodium Chloride Solution (1%)—Dissolve1gofre-
...