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ASTM D7995-19

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Total Water in Liquid Butane by Liquefied Gas Sampler and Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration

Standard Test Method for Total Water in Liquid Butane by Liquefied Gas Sampler and Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 High water concentrations can have a detrimental effect on the many uses of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Wet butane, propane, and other low molecular weight hydrocarbon products can cause operational issues in customer equipment and downstream processes. Water can cause corrosion problems and create safety hazards during the storage, distribution and use of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and pressurized low molecular weight hydrocarbon samples.  
5.2 While the dryness of propane may be monitored with a “functional” test such as the valve freeze Test Method D2713, this test method provides an analytical method to directly measure water content in LPG and pressurized low molecular weight hydrocarbons and their mixtures.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the use of a specialized liquefied gas sampler coupled to a coulometric Karl Fischer (KF) titrator for the determination of water in liquid butane with water concentrations from 1 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg.
Note 1: Other liquefied petroleum gases described in Specification D1835 including propane, propene (propylene), butylenes and mixtures of these materials and other light hydrocarbons, and dimethyl ether described in Specification D7901, can be analyzed by this method but the precision has not been studied and therefore the stated precision has not been validated for these materials.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 10 for specific warning statements.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
14-Jul-2019
ICS
75.160.30 - Gaseous fuels
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.H0 - Liquefied Petroleum Gas
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM D6300-15 - Standard Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
Effective Date
01-Jun-2015
Refers
ASTM D6300-16 - Standard Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
Effective Date
01-Apr-2016
Refers
ASTM D6299-17a - Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
Effective Date
15-Nov-2017
Refers
ASTM D6299-17b - Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
Effective Date
15-Dec-2017
Refers
ASTM D6300-19a - Standard Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
Effective Date
01-Dec-2019
Refers
ASTM D7901-14b - Standard Specification for Dimethyl Ether for Fuel Purposes
Effective Date
15-Oct-2014
Refers
ASTM D6299-17 - Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
Effective Date
01-Jan-2017

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ASTM D7995-19 - Standard Test Method for Total Water in Liquid Butane by Liquefied Gas Sampler and Coulometric Karl Fischer TitrationASTM D7995-19 - Standard Test Method for Total Water in Liquid Butane by Liquefied Gas Sampler and Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration
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ASTM D7995-19 - Standard Test Method for Total Water in Liquid Butane by Liquefied Gas Sampler and Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D7995 −19
Standard Test Method for
Total Water in Liquid Butane by Liquefied Gas Sampler and
1
Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7995; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D3700 Practice for Obtaining LPG Samples Using a Float-
ing Piston Cylinder
1.1 This test method describes the use of a specialized
D5623 Test Method for Sulfur Compounds in Light Petro-
liquefied gas sampler coupled to a coulometric Karl Fischer
leum Liquids by Gas Chromatography and Sulfur Selec-
(KF) titrator for the determination of water in liquid butane
tive Detection
with water concentrations from 1 mg⁄kg to 100 mg⁄kg.
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
NOTE 1—Other liquefied petroleum gases described in Specification
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
D1835includingpropane,propene(propylene),butylenesandmixturesof
thesematerialsandotherlighthydrocarbons,anddimethyletherdescribed
Measurement System Performance
in Specification D7901, can be analyzed by this method but the precision
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
has not been studied and therefore the stated precision has not been
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
validated for these materials.
Lubricants
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D6304 Test Method for Determination of Water in Petro-
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
leum Products, Lubricating Oils, and Additives by Cou-
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
lometric Karl Fischer Titration
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D7901 Specification for Dimethyl Ether for Fuel Purposes
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ASTM Test Methods
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
E203 Test Method for Water Using Volumetric Karl Fischer
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Titration
See Section 10 for specific warning statements.
2.2 Occupational Safety and Health Administration Docu-
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
ment:
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
OSHA Regulations—29 CFR paragraphs 1910.1000 and
3
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
1910.1200
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
2.3 Other Standards:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
UOP 163 Hydrogen Sulfide and Mercaptan Sulfur in Liquid
4
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Hydrocarbons by Potentiometric Titration
2. Referenced Documents
3. Terminology
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1 Definitions:
D1265 Practice for Sampling Liquefied Petroleum (LP)
3.1.1 liquefied petroleum gas, (LP Gas, LPG), n—a narrow
Gases, Manual Method
boiling range mixture of hydrocarbons consisting of propane,
D1835 Specification for Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
propylene, butanes and butylenes, individually or in specified
D2713 Test Method for Dryness of Propane (Valve Freeze
combinations, with limited amounts of other hydrocarbons and
Method)
naturally occurring non-hydrocarbons.
3.1.2 dimethyl ether (DME), n—the chemical compound
1
CH OCH .
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
3 3
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Subcommittee D02.H0 on Liquefied Petroleum Gas.
Current edition approved July 15, 2019. Published August 2019. DOI: 10.1520/
D7995-19.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Washington, DC 20401-0001, http://
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on www.access.gpo.gov.
4
the ASTM website. Available from https://www.astm.org/
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7995−19
3.2.1 coulometric Karl Fischer titration (coulometric orvolumeofliquefiedgasisintroducedi
...

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4.1 These test methods are used to determine trace amounts of volatile chlorides in butane-butene mixtures. Such information is valuable in cases where chloride is deleterious in the use of this product; also, chloride contributes to corrosion problems in processing units in instances where further processing of this material is involved.
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5.1 LP-gas is colorless and odorless, and not detectable by normal human senses. To provide an olfactory warning in the event of a leak, LP-gas intended for domestic or commercial fuel use is intentionally odorized so as to be readily detectable well below flammable or suffocating concentration levels of LP-gas in air. (See Appendix X1 for important explanations.) The most common odorant for LP-gas is ethyl mercaptan. The field use of this test method will rapidly determine the presence and concentration of ethyl mercaptan in LP-gas vapor without the necessity for complex laboratory equipment.
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This specification covers liquefied petroleum gases consisting of propane, propene (propylene), butane, and mixtures of these materials. The products are intended for use as domestic, commercial and industrial heating, and engine fuels. Care must be taken to in sampling of the liquefied gases for test results to be significant. All four types of liquefied petroleum gases covered by this specification should conform to the specified requirements for vapor pressure, volatile residue, residue matter, relative density, and corrosion.
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5.1 Control over the residue content (required by Specification D1835) is of considerable importance in end-use applications of LPG. In liquid feed systems, residues can lead to troublesome deposits and, in vapor withdrawal systems, residues that are carried over can foul regulating equipment. Residues that remain in vapor-withdrawal systems will accumulate, can be corrosive, and will contaminate subsequent product. Water, particularly if alkaline, can cause failure of regulating equipment and corrosion of metals.  
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of extraneous materials weathering above 38 °C that are present in liquefied petroleum gases. The extraneous materials will generally be dissolved in the LPG, but may have phase-separated in some instances.  
1.2 Liquefied petroleum gases that contain certain anti-icing additives can give erroneous results by this test method.  
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4.1 Vapor pressure is an important specification property of commercial propane, special duty propane, propane/butane mixtures, and commercial butane that assures adequate vaporization, safety, and compatibility with commercial appliances. Relative density, while not a specification criterion, is necessary for determination of filling densities and custody transfer. The motor octane number (MON) is useful in determining the products' suitability as a fuel for internal combustion engines.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers, by compositional analysis, the approximate determination of the following physical characteristics of commercial propane, special-duty propane, commercial propane/butane mixtures, and commercial butane (covered by Specification D1835): vapor pressure, relative density, and motor octane number (MON).  
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1.1.2 For calculating motor octane number, this practice is applicable only to mixtures containing 20 % or less of propene.  
1.1.3 For calculated motor octane number, this practice is based on mixtures containing only components shown in Table 1.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.2.1 Exceptions:  
1.2.1.1 Non-SI units in parentheses are given for information only.
1.2.1.2 Motor octane number and relative density are given in MON numbers and dimensionless units, respectively.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D6667-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Volatile Sulfur in Gaseous Hydrocarbons and Liquefied Petroleum Gases by Ultraviolet Fluorescence

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The sulfur content of LPG, used for fuel purposes, contributes to SOx emissions and can lead to corrosion in engine and exhaust systems. Some process catalysts used in petroleum and chemical refining can be poisoned by sulfur bearing materials in the feed stocks. This test method can be used to determine sulfur in process feeds, to measure sulfur in finished products, and can also be used for compliance determinations when acceptable to a regulatory authority.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of total volatile sulfur in gaseous hydrocarbons and liquefied petroleum (LP) gases. It is applicable to analysis of natural, processed, and final product materials. Precision has been determined for sulfur in gaseous hydrocarbons in the range of 1 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg and for sulfur in LP gases in the range of 1 mg/kg to 196 mg/kg (Note 1).
Note 1: An estimate of pooled limit of quantification (PLOQ), information regarding sample stability and other general information derived from the interlaboratory studies on precision can be referenced in the ASTM research reports.2,3  
1.2 This test method may not detect sulfur compounds that do not vaporize under the conditions of the test.  
1.3 This test method is applicable for total volatile sulfur determination in LP gases containing less than 0.35 % (mass/mass) halogen(s).  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 3.1 and Sections 6 and 7 for specific warning statements.  
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