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ASTM A351/A351M-18

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts

Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts

ABSTRACT
This specification covers austenitic steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts. The steel shall be made by the electric furnace process with or without separate refining such as argon-oxygen decarburization. All castings shall receive heat treatment followed by quench in water or rapid cool by other means as noted. The steel shall conform to both chemical composition and tensile property requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers austenitic steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts (Note 1).  
Note 1: Carbon steel castings for pressure-containing parts are covered by Specification A216/A216M, low-alloy steel castings by Specification A217/A217M, and duplex stainless steel castings by Specification A995/A995M.  
1.2 A number of grades of austenitic steel castings are included in this specification. Since these grades possess varying degrees of suitability for service at high temperatures or in corrosive environments, it is the responsibility of the purchaser to determine which grade shall be furnished. Selection will depend on design and service conditions, mechanical properties, and high-temperature or corrosion-resistant characteristics, or both.  
1.2.1 Because of thermal instability, Grades CE20N, CF3A, CF3MA, and CF8A are not recommended for service at temperatures above 800 °F [425 °C].  
1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided for use at the option of the purchaser. The Supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the purchase order or contract.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4.1 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contract specifies the applicable M-specification designation (SI units), the inch-pound units shall apply. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets or parentheses.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2018
ICS
77.140.80 - Iron and steel castings
Technical Committee
A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
Drafting Committee
A01.18 - Castings
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM A351/A351M-18e1 - Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts
Effective Date
01-May-2018

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ASTM A351/A351M-18 - Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic, for Pressure-Containing PartsASTM A351/A351M-18 - Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts
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REDLINE ASTM A351/A351M-18 - Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic, for Pressure-Containing PartsREDLINE ASTM A351/A351M-18 - Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A351/A351M −18
Standard Specification for
1
Castings, Austenitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA351/A351M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
2 dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1 This specification covers austenitic steel castings for
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
(Note 1).
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
NOTE 1—Carbon steel castings for pressure-containing parts are cov-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ered by Specification A216/A216M, low-alloy steel castings by Specifi-
cation A217/A217M, and duplex stainless steel castings by Specification
2. Referenced Documents
A995/A995M.
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2 A number of grades of austenitic steel castings are
A216/A216M SpecificationforSteelCastings,Carbon,Suit-
included in this specification. Since these grades possess
able for Fusion Welding, for High-Temperature Service
varying degrees of suitability for service at high temperatures
A217/A217M Specification for Steel Castings, Martensitic
or in corrosive environments, it is the responsibility of the
Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suit-
purchaser to determine which grade shall be furnished. Selec-
able for High-Temperature Service
tion will depend on design and service conditions, mechanical
A488/A488M Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Qualifi-
properties, and high-temperature or corrosion-resistant
cations of Procedures and Personnel
characteristics, or both.
A703/A703M Specification for Steel Castings, General
1.2.1 Because of thermal instability, Grades CE20N, CF3A,
Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts
CF3MA, and CF8A are not recommended for service at
A985/A985M Specification for Steel Investment Castings
temperatures above 800 °F [425 °C].
General Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts
1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are
A995/A995M Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic
provided for use at the option of the purchaser. The Supple-
(Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts
mentary requirements shall apply only when specified indi-
2.2 Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and
vidually by the purchaser in the purchase order or contract.
4
Fittings Industry Standard:
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
SP-55 Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves,
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
Flanges, and Fittings and Other Components (Visual
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
Method)
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
3. General Conditions for Delivery
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
with the standard.
3.1 Other Than Investment Castings—Material furnished to
1.4.1 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound
this specification shall conform to the requirements of Speci-
units and in SI units; however, unless the purchase order or
fication A703/A703M, including any supplementary require-
contract specifies the applicable M-specification designation
ments that are indicated in the purchase order. Failure to
(SI units), the inch-pound units shall apply.Within the text, the
comply with the general requirements of Specification A703/
SI units are shown in brackets or parentheses.
A703M constitutes nonconformance with this specification. In
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
3
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
A01.18 on Castings. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved May 1, 2018. Published May 2018. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as A351/A351M – 16. the ASTM website.
4
DOI: 10.1520/A0351_A0351M-18. AvailablefromManufacturersStandardizationSocietyoftheValveandFittings
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi- Industry (MSS), 127 Park St., NE, Vienna, VA 22180-4602, http://www.mss-
cation SA-351/SA-351M i
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A351/A351M − 16 A351/A351M − 18
Standard Specification for
1
Castings, Austenitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A351/A351M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 This specification covers austenitic steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts (Note 1).
NOTE 1—Carbon steel castings for pressure-containing parts are covered by Specification A216/A216M, low-alloy steel castings by Specification
A217/A217M, and duplex stainless steel castings by Specification A995/A995M.
1.2 A number of grades of austenitic steel castings are included in this specification. Since these grades possess varying degrees
of suitability for service at high temperatures or in corrosive environments, it is the responsibility of the purchaser to determine
which grade shall be furnished. Selection will depend on design and service conditions, mechanical properties, and
high-temperature or corrosion-resistant characteristics, or both.
1.2.1 Because of thermal instability, Grades CE20N, CF3A, CF3MA, and CF8A are not recommended for service at
temperatures above 800°F [425°C].800 °F [425 °C].
1.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature are provided for use at the option of the purchaser. The Supplementary
requirements shall apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the purchase order or contract.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4.1 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contract
specifies the applicable M specification M-specification designation (SI units), the inch-pound units shall apply. Within the text,
the SI units are shown in brackets or parentheses.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A216/A216M Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, Suitable for Fusion Welding, for High-Temperature Service
A217/A217M Specification for Steel Castings, Martensitic Stainless and Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for
High-Temperature Service
A488/A488M Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Qualifications of Procedures and Personnel
A703/A703M Specification for Steel Castings, General Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts
A985/A985M Specification for Steel Investment Castings General Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts
A995/A995M Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts
4
2.2 Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry Standard:
SP-55 Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves, Flanges, and Fittings and Other Components (Visual Method)
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.18
on Castings.
Current edition approved May 1, 2016May 1, 2018. Published May 2016May 2018. Originally approved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 20152016 as
A351/A351M – 15.A351/A351M – 16. DOI: 10.1520/A0351_A0351M-16.10.1520/A0351_A0351M-18.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specification SA-351/SA-351M in Section II of that code.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry (MSS), 127 Park St., NE, Vienna, VA 22180-460
...

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SCOPE
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Standard Specification for Steel Castings Suitable for Pressure Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers low-alloy steel and martensitic stainless steels in the normalized and tempered, or quenched and tempered conditions, suitable for pressure-containing parts. All castings shall receive the specified heat treatment requirement: austenitizing temperature, medium, quenching cool, and tempering temperature. Preliminary heat treatment and multiple tempering are permitted. Recording-type pyrometers shall be used to control the furnace temperature. The steel shall conform to the required chemical composition for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, boron, and copper. Residual elements include: copper, nickel, chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, and vanadium. Tensile properties of the steel shall conform to the requirements for tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, reduction of area, hardness, and maximum thickness. Product analysis tolerance is specified. Repair by welding may be done.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers low-alloy steels and martensitic stainless steels in the normalized and tempered, or quenched and tempered, condition suitable for pressure-containing parts. The weldability of the classes in this specification varies from readily weldable to weldable only with adequate precautions, and the weldability of each class should be considered prior to assembly by fusion welding.  
1.2 Selection will depend on design, mechanical, and service conditions. Users should note that hardenability of some of the grades mentioned may restrict the maximum size at which the required mechanical properties are obtained.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM A1091/A1091M-21(Specification)
Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Creep-Strength Enhanced Ferritic Alloy, for Pressure-Containing Parts, Suitable for High-Temperature Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers general requirements for creep-strength enhanced alloy steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts intended primarily for high-temperature service. However, the castings are not restricted to such applications, and may be used for other applications for which the attributes of the material, as defined by this specification, are suitable. The specification includes one grade of martensitic alloy steel, Grade C91, which is provided in two classes, differentiated by the type of heat treatment after weld repairs.
This specification also prescribes the general conditions for delivery, including those for investment castings, as well as the requirements for ordering information; materials and manufacture (heat-treatment and machining); chemical composition; testing of mechanical properties (tensile testing and hardness testing); quality of castings; rework, weld repair, and retreatment; and certification and marking of castings.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers creep-strength enhanced alloy steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts intended primarily for high-temperature service (see Note 1). However, they are not restricted to such applications and the castings may be used for other applications for which the attributes of the material, as defined by this specification, are suitable.  
1.2 One grade of martensitic alloy steel, Grade C91 (UNS Number J84090), is covered (see Note 2). It is provided in two classes, differentiated by the type of heat treatment after welding. This and similar steels are characterized by a predominantly tempered martensitic or tempered Bainitic microstructure that is stabilized by the precipitation of temper-resistant particles at various precipitate nucleation sites in the microstructure. Such steels are designed to have creep-rupture strengths significantly superior to those of alloys of nominally similar compositions, but in which the precipitates or nucleation sites are absent. Since this crucial difference cannot be revealed by room-temperature mechanical property tests, these alloys require tighter controls on manufacturing and processing.
Note 1: The grades covered by this specification represent materials that are generally suitable for assembly with other castings or wrought steel parts by fusion welding. It is not intended to imply that these grades possess equal degrees of weldability; therefore, it is the responsibility of the purchaser to establish a suitable welding technique. Since these grades possess varying degrees of suitability for high-temperature service, it is also the responsibility of the purchaser to determine which grade shall be furnished, due consideration being given to the requirements of the applicable construction codes.
Note 2: The committee formulating this specification has included one grade of material that is considered to represent a type of ferritic alloy steel suitable for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts. Additional alloy steels will be considered for inclusion in this specification by the committee as the need becomes apparent.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM A447/A447M-11(2021)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy (25-12 Class), for High-Temperature Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers iron-base, heat-resisting alloy castings, intended for structural elements, containers, and supports in electric furnaces, petroleum still tube supports, and for similar applications. The alloys shall be electric-furnace processed and heat treated. The castings shall conform to the required chemical compositions of nickel, chromium, carbon, nitrogen, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, and iron. The specimens shall undergo tension test after aging and short-time high-temperature tension test and shall conform to the required values of tensile strength and elongation. A stress-rupture test shall also be performed wherein the specimens shall conform to the required values of tensile stress. The specimen shall also conform to the required values of magnetic permeability.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers iron-base, heat-resisting alloy castings of the 25 % chromium, 12 % nickel class, intended for structural elements, containers, and supports in electric furnaces, petroleum still tube supports, and for similar applications up to 2000 °F [1095 °C].  
1.2 In the absence of significant proportions of elements other than those prescribed in Section 5, the two types of alloys covered by this specification may in general be distinguished as follows:  
1.2.1 Type I—Alloys characterized by relatively low limiting creep stress at temperatures between 1500 and 2000 °F [815 and 1095 °C], and relatively high ductility at ordinary temperatures after aging for short periods at temperatures between 1300 and 1500 °F [705 and 815 °C].  
1.2.2 Type II—Alloys having relatively high limiting creep stress but which may develop low ductility at ordinary temperatures when aged for short periods at temperatures between 1350 and 1500 °F [730 and 815 °C].  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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