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ASTM A995/A995M-12e1

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts

Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts

ABSTRACT
This specification covers austenitic-ferritic (duplex) stainless steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts. The grades of steels covered here are: Grade 1B, Grade 2A, Grade 3A, Grade 4A, Grade 5A, and Grade 6A. The steel castings shall be heat-treated up to required temperature and shall undergo water quenching or rapid cooling by other means after heating. Heat and product analyses shall be performed wherein specimens shall conform to required chemical composition of carbon, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, copper, tungsten, and nitrogen. All steels shall undergo tension test, and shall conform to the following mechanical requirements: tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers austenitic-ferritic (duplex) stainless steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts.  
1.2 The duplex stainless steels offer a combination of enhanced mechanical properties and corrosion resistance when properly balanced in composition and properly heat treated. Ferrite levels are not specified, but these grades will develop a range of approximately 30 to 60 % ferrite with the balance austenite. It is the responsibility of the purchaser to determine which grade shall be furnished depending on design and service conditions, mechanical properties, and corrosion-resistant characteristics.Note 1—Because of the possibility of precipitation of embrittling phases, the grades included in this specification are not recommended for service at temperatures above 600°F [315°C].  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
29-Feb-2012
ICS
77.140.80 - Iron and steel castings
Technical Committee
A01 - Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys
Drafting Committee
A01.18 - Castings
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM A995/A995M-12 - Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts
Effective Date
01-Mar-2012
Replaced By
ASTM A995/A995M-12a - Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts
Effective Date
01-Nov-2012
Referred By
ASTM A488/A488M-18e2 - Standard Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Qualifications of Procedures and Personnel
Effective Date
01-Mar-2012
Referred By
ASTM A703/A703M-20a - Standard Specification for Steel Castings, General Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts
Effective Date
01-Mar-2012
Referred By
ASTM A351/A351M-18e1 - Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic, for Pressure-Containing Parts
Effective Date
01-Mar-2012
Referred By
ASTM F998-12(2022) - Standard Specification for Centrifugal Pump, Shipboard Use
Effective Date
01-Mar-2012
Referred By
ASTM A985/A985M-21 - Standard Specification for Steel Investment Castings General Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts
Effective Date
01-Mar-2012

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ASTM A995/A995M-12e1 - Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing PartsASTM A995/A995M-12e1 - Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts
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ASTM A995/A995M-12e1 - Standard Specification for Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for Pressure-Containing Parts
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: A995/A995M −12
StandardSpecification for
Castings, Austenitic-Ferritic (Duplex) Stainless Steel, for
1
Pressure-Containing Parts
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA995/A995M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Table 3 was editorially corrected in July 2012.
1. Scope* tions on Ferrous Castings
E165 Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for General
1.1 This specification covers austenitic-ferritic (duplex)
Industry
stainless steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other
E562 Test Method for Determining Volume Fraction by
pressure-containing parts.
Systematic Manual Point Count
1.2 The duplex stainless steels offer a combination of
enhanced mechanical properties and corrosion resistance when
3. Terminology
properly balanced in composition and properly heat treated.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Ferrite levels are not specified, but these grades will develop a
3.1.1 duplex stainless steel—an iron-chromium-nickel-
range of approximately 30 to 60 % ferrite with the balance
molybdenum alloy which when properly heat treated consists
austenite. It is the responsibility of the purchaser to determine
of approximately 30 to 60 % ferrite with the balance austenite.
which grade shall be furnished depending on design and
service conditions, mechanical properties, and corrosion-
4. General Conditions for Delivery
resistant characteristics.
4.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform to
NOTE 1—Because of the possibility of precipitation of embrittling
the applicable requirements of Specification A703/A703M,
phases, the grades included in this specification are not recommended for
including the supplementary requirements that are indicated on
service at temperatures above 600°F [315°C].
the purchaser order. Failure to comply with the general
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
requirements of Specification A703/A703M constitutes non-
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
conformance with this specification. In case of conflict be-
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
tween the requirements of the specification and Specification
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
A703/A703M, this specification shall prevail.
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
with the standard.
5. Ordering Information
2. Referenced Documents 5.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all
2 requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this
2.1 ASTM Standards:
specification. Such requirements may included, but are not
A488/A488M Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Qualifi-
limited to, the following:
cations of Procedures and Personnel
5.1.1 A description of the casting by pattern number or
A703/A703M Specification for Steel Castings, General
drawing (dimensional tolerances shall be included on the
Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts
casting drawing),
E125 Reference Photographs for Magnetic Particle Indica-
5.1.2 Quantity (weight and number of castings),
5.1.3 Specification designation and date of issue,
5.1.4 Grade of steel,
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee 5.1.5 Supplementary requirements including acceptance
A01.18 on Castings.
criteria, and
Current edition approved March 1, 2012. Published April 2012. Originally
5.1.6 Additional requirements.
approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as A995/A995M – 09.
DOI: 10.1520/A0995_A0995M-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 6. Process
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.1 The steel shall be made by the electric furnace process
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. with or without separate refining.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
A995/A995M − 12
TABLE 1 Heat Treatment Requirements
10. Quality
Grade Heat Treatment
10.1 When additional inspection is desired, Supplementary
1B Heat to 1900°F [1040°C] minimum, hold for sufficient time to heat
Requirements S5, S6, and S10 may be ordered.
casting uniformly to temperature, quench in water or rapid cool by
other means.
2A Heat to 2050°F [1120
...

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Standard Specification for Steel Castings Suitable for Pressure Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers low-alloy steel and martensitic stainless steels in the normalized and tempered, or quenched and tempered conditions, suitable for pressure-containing parts. All castings shall receive the specified heat treatment requirement: austenitizing temperature, medium, quenching cool, and tempering temperature. Preliminary heat treatment and multiple tempering are permitted. Recording-type pyrometers shall be used to control the furnace temperature. The steel shall conform to the required chemical composition for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, boron, and copper. Residual elements include: copper, nickel, chromium, tungsten, molybdenum, and vanadium. Tensile properties of the steel shall conform to the requirements for tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, reduction of area, hardness, and maximum thickness. Product analysis tolerance is specified. Repair by welding may be done.
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1.1 This specification2 covers low-alloy steels and martensitic stainless steels in the normalized and tempered, or quenched and tempered, condition suitable for pressure-containing parts. The weldability of the classes in this specification varies from readily weldable to weldable only with adequate precautions, and the weldability of each class should be considered prior to assembly by fusion welding.  
1.2 Selection will depend on design, mechanical, and service conditions. Users should note that hardenability of some of the grades mentioned may restrict the maximum size at which the required mechanical properties are obtained.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
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1.1 This specification covers creep-strength enhanced alloy steel castings for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts intended primarily for high-temperature service (see Note 1). However, they are not restricted to such applications and the castings may be used for other applications for which the attributes of the material, as defined by this specification, are suitable.  
1.2 One grade of martensitic alloy steel, Grade C91 (UNS Number J84090), is covered (see Note 2). It is provided in two classes, differentiated by the type of heat treatment after welding. This and similar steels are characterized by a predominantly tempered martensitic or tempered Bainitic microstructure that is stabilized by the precipitation of temper-resistant particles at various precipitate nucleation sites in the microstructure. Such steels are designed to have creep-rupture strengths significantly superior to those of alloys of nominally similar compositions, but in which the precipitates or nucleation sites are absent. Since this crucial difference cannot be revealed by room-temperature mechanical property tests, these alloys require tighter controls on manufacturing and processing.
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Note 2: The committee formulating this specification has included one grade of material that is considered to represent a type of ferritic alloy steel suitable for valves, flanges, fittings, and other pressure-containing parts. Additional alloy steels will be considered for inclusion in this specification by the committee as the need becomes apparent.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM A447/A447M-11(2021)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloy (25-12 Class), for High-Temperature Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers iron-base, heat-resisting alloy castings, intended for structural elements, containers, and supports in electric furnaces, petroleum still tube supports, and for similar applications. The alloys shall be electric-furnace processed and heat treated. The castings shall conform to the required chemical compositions of nickel, chromium, carbon, nitrogen, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, and iron. The specimens shall undergo tension test after aging and short-time high-temperature tension test and shall conform to the required values of tensile strength and elongation. A stress-rupture test shall also be performed wherein the specimens shall conform to the required values of tensile stress. The specimen shall also conform to the required values of magnetic permeability.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers iron-base, heat-resisting alloy castings of the 25 % chromium, 12 % nickel class, intended for structural elements, containers, and supports in electric furnaces, petroleum still tube supports, and for similar applications up to 2000 °F [1095 °C].  
1.2 In the absence of significant proportions of elements other than those prescribed in Section 5, the two types of alloys covered by this specification may in general be distinguished as follows:  
1.2.1 Type I—Alloys characterized by relatively low limiting creep stress at temperatures between 1500 and 2000 °F [815 and 1095 °C], and relatively high ductility at ordinary temperatures after aging for short periods at temperatures between 1300 and 1500 °F [705 and 815 °C].  
1.2.2 Type II—Alloys having relatively high limiting creep stress but which may develop low ductility at ordinary temperatures when aged for short periods at temperatures between 1350 and 1500 °F [730 and 815 °C].  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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