ASTM D3654/D3654M-06(2019)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3654/D3654M − 06 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Test Methods for
Shear Adhesion of Pressure-Sensitive Tapes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3654/D3654M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 1.2.1 Variations in the tape backing and adhesive affect the
response; therefore, these procedures cannot be used to pin-
1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining the
point the specific cause(s) of nonuniformity.
ability of pressure-sensitive tapes and labels to remain adhered
1.2.2 This test method is intended to replace AFERA 4012,
under constant load applied parallel to the surface of the tape
CEN 1943, and PSTC (see 7.2).
and substrate.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
1.1.1 Procedure A measures the shear adhesion when ap-
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
plied to a vertical standard steel panel.
each system are not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
1.1.2 Procedure B measures the shear adhesion when ap-
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
plied to vertical panel covered with NIST SRM 1810A
values from the two systems will result in non-conformance
standard fiberboard.
with the standard.
1.1.3 Procedure C measures the shear adhesion when ap-
pliedtoaverticalpanelcoveredwithafiberboardasdefinedby 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Comite Europeen de Normalisation (CEN).
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.1.4 Procedure D measures shear adhesion when applied to
a vertical panel covered with a fiberboard agreed upon by the priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
buyer and seller.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
1.1.5 Procedure E measures shear adhesion of filament
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
reinforced tape when applied to a horizontal standard steel
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
panel.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.1.6 Procedure F measures shear adhesion of a filament
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
reinforced tape when applied to a horizontal panel covered
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
with NIST SRM 1810A standard fiberboard.
1.1.7 ProcedureGmeasurestheshearadhesionofafilament
2. Referenced Documents
reinforced tape when applied to a horizontal panel covered
with a standard fiberboard defined by CEN.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1.8 Procedure H measures the shear adhesion the same as
A666 Specification forAnnealed or Cold-WorkedAustenitic
Procedure A except the test is conducted at an elevated Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Flat Bar
temperature and after a 10-min dwell time at the elevated
D3715/D3715M Practice for QualityAssurance of Pressure-
temperature. Sensitive Tapes
D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or
1.2 These procedures provide a means of assessing the
Packaging Components for Testing
uniformity of the adhesive of a given type of pressure-sensitive
D5750/D5750M Guide for Width and Length of Pressure-
tape, usually tapes used for packaging applications. The
Sensitive Tape
assessment may be within a roll of tape, between rolls or
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,With
production lots.
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
Lot or Process
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on
Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.14 on Tape and
Labels. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2019. Published August 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D3654/D3654M – 06 Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
(2011). DOI: 10.1520/D3654_D3654M-06R19. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3654/D3654M − 06 (2019)
2.2 AFERA Standard: standard mass is attached to the free end of the tape and
AFERA 4012 Self-Adhesive Tapes—Measurement of Static allowed to act for the specified time.
Shear Adhesion
3.8 ProcedureH—This procedure is conducted as described
2.3 CEN Standard:
in Procedure A except the test is conducted at an elevated
EN 1943 Self-Adhesive Tapes—Measurement of Static
temperature after a 10-min dwell time at the elevated tempera-
Shear Adhesion
ture.
2.4 PSTC Standard:
3.9 For Procedures A, B, C, D, and H the preferred
PSTC-7 Holding Power of Pressure-Sensitive Tapes
specimen size is 12 by 12 mm [0.5 by 0.5 in.].Aspecimen size
of 24 by 24 mm [1 by 1 in.] may be specified.
3. Summary of Test Method
3.10 For Procedures E, F and G the specimen width shall be
3.1 Procedure A, Shear Adhesion to Standard Steel
12 mm [0.5 in.]. For testing reinforced filament by Procedure
Panel—Astripoftapeisappliedtoastandardsteelpanelunder
H, the width shall be 12 mm [0.5 in.].
controlled roll down. The panel is mounted vertically, a
standard mass is attached to the free end of the tape and the
4. Significance and Use
time to failure is determined.
4.1 ProcedureAmeasures the ability of a pressure-sensitive
3.2 Procedure B, Shear Adhesion to a Standard (NIST)
tape to adhere to a standard steel panel under constant stress.
Fiberboard—Astrip of tape is applied to a panel covered with
This may or may not relate to the ability of the tape to adhere
NIST SRM 1810A fiberboard under controlled roll down. The
to other surfaces.
panel is mounted vertically, a standard mass is attached to the
free end of the tape and the time to failure determined. 4.2 Procedures B, C, and D may be used to determine the
shear adhesion of the tapes generally used to close fiberboard
3.3 Procedure C, Shear Adhesion to a Standard CEN
boxes in packaging applications.
Fiberboard—Astrip of tape is applied to a panel covered with
the CEN standard fiberboard under controlled roll down. The 4.3 Procedure D measures the shear adhesion of a pressure-
panel is mounted vertically, a standard mass is attached to the sensitive tape to a nonstandard fiberboard, liner board, corru-
free end of the tape and the time to failure is determined. gated board, or other surfaces which is agreed upon for testing.
This may be used to compare the shear adhesion of a tape to a
3.4 Procedure D, Shear Adhesion to a Fiberboard with
particular fiberboard surface or to compare the shear adhesion
Controlled Roll Down—The panel is mounted vertically, a
of a tape to a variety of fiberboard surfaces.
standard mass is attached to the free end of the tape and the
4.3.1 The surfaces of similar fiberboards may exhibit con-
time to failure is determined.
siderable variation between mills, between batches from one
3.5 Procedure E, Shear Adhesion to a Standard Steel
mill, and within batches. Take care in the choice of samples
Panel—A strip of filament reinforced tape is applied to a
andwhencomparingresultsbetweenfiberboardsurfaceswhich
standard steel panel with a 120° bend at one end with
may not be exactly the same.
controlled roll down. The panel is mounted horizontally, tape
4.3.2 The precision of tests conducted on nonstandard
side up, with the free end of the tape allowed to hang vertically
surfaces may be different than that described in Section 13.
over the rounded end. A standard mass is attached to the free
4.4 Procedures E, F, and G may be used to determine the
end of the tape and allowed to act for the specified time.
ability of a filament reinforced tape to hold when placed under
3.6 Procedure F, Shear Adhesion of Filament Reinforced
constant stress.
Tape to a Standard (NIST) Fiberboard—A strip of filament
4.5 ProcedureHmaybeusedtocomparetheshearadhesion
reinforced tape is applied to a panel with a 120° bend, covered
of tape applied to a standard steel surface and tested at an
with NIST SRM 1810A standard fiberboard under controlled
elevated temperature. The use of an elevated temperature
roll down. The panel is mounted horizontally, tape side up,
during test tends to reduce the duration of the test.
withthefreeendofthetapeallowedtohangverticallyoverthe
round end of the panel.Astandard mass is attached to the free
5. Apparatus
end of the tape and allowed to act for a specified time.
5,6,7
5.1 Specimen Cutter —The specimen cutter shall hold
3.7 Procedure G, Shear Adhesion of a Filament Reinforced
two single-edge razor blades in parallel planes, a precise
Tape to a CEN Standard Fiberboard—A strip of filament
distance apart, to form a cutter of exact specimen width. Two
reinforced tape is applied to a panel covered with CEN
standard fiberboard under controlled roll down. The panel is
mountedhorizontally,tapesideup,withthefreeendofthetape
These widths correspond to the primary metric (SI) units described in Guide
allowed to hang vertically over the round end of the panel. A
D5750/D5750M. These so-called “modular metric” units generally are used
throughout the world. If it is desirable to test slightly different widths (for example,
25 of 50 mm) of specimens per 8.4, this should be noted per 12.1.6 and calculations
AFERA (Association des Fabricants Europeen de Rubans Auto-Adhesifs), per 11.1 must account for the difference.
LAM, laan Copes van Cattenburch 79, NL–2858 EW., the Hague, the Netherlands. The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
EN (European Norm), available from COMITE Europeen de Normalisation, is Chemsultants International, 9349 Hamilton Drive, Mentor, OH 44061–1118. If
CEN Rue de Stassart, 36, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium. you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM
AvailablefromPSTC(PressureSensitiveTapeCouncil),400N.MichiganAve., International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a
No. 2200, Chicago, IL 60611–4267. meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
D3654/D3654M − 06 (2019)
cutters, 12 mm [0.5 in.] and 24 mm [1 in.] cutting width, shall 5.5.4.1 Procedures A, B, C, D, and H—The test mass shall
be available or appropriate alternates, which will not cause be 1000 6 5 g or other mass as specified. The mass of the
edge damage. clamp or hook described in 5.5.3 shall be included as part of
the total mass.
NOTE 1—The 12-mm [0.5-in.] cutter shall consist of a 12-mm [0.5-in.]
5.5.4.2 Procedures E, F, and G—The test mass shall be 4.5
thick by 200-mm [8-in.] length of aluminum bar stock 12-mm [0.5-in.]
6 0.2 kg [10 6 0.5 lb] or other mass as specified. The mass of
wide. The edges for about 125 mm [5 in.] from one end shall be rounded
the clamp or hook as described in 5.5.3 shall be included in the
slightly to form a handle. The width of the bar for 75 mm [3 in.] shall be
narrowed to exactly 12 mm [0.5 in.] minus the thickness of a single–edge
total mass.
razor (one of two used as cutting edges). The razor shall be held in
5.5.5 Timing Systems:
position using side plates. The end of the cutter shall be cut away at a 45°
5.5.5.1 ProcedureA, B, C, D, and H to measure the interval
angle to expose the cutting edges at one end of the blades.The edges shall
in minutes, between the application of the load to the specimen
be separated by 12 6 0.10 mm [0.5 6 0.005 in.].The 24 mm [1 in.] cutter
shall follow the same description except the bar stock shall be 24-mm and its separation from the panel.
[1-in.] wide and shall be narrowed to exactly 24 mm [1 in.] minus the
5.5.5.2 Procedures E, F, and G, a suitable means of mea-
thickness of a single edge razor.
suring the amount of slippage of the tape to 1 mm [ ⁄64 in.] on
the panel after the mass has acted for 48 h.
5.2 Dispensing System, for solvents, such as a wash bottle.
5,7
5.3 Panel :
6. Reagent Materials
5.3.1 For ProceduresA, B, C, D, and H, a 50 by 125 mm [2
6.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
by 5 in.] not less than 1.1 mm [0.043 in.] thickness 302 or 304
used in all tests. Other grades may be used, provided it is first
stainless steel sheet with bright annealed finish in accordance
ascertained the reagent is of sufficiently high purity to permit
with Specification A666.The surface roughness height shall be
its use without lessening the accuracy of the determination.
50 6 25 nm [2.0 6 1.0 µin.] arithmetical average deviation
6.2 Solvents:
fromameanline.Oneorbothofthepanelendsshallbeground
6.2.1 Any of the following solvents may be used for
to form a 90° angle with the panel surface. Panels showing
cleaning.
stains, discolorations, or numerous scratches are not accept-
able. New panels should be cleaned before use as described in
NOTE 2—Before selecting or using these solvents for cleaning test
10.1,exceptwithtenwashesofthefinalsolvent.Betweenuses,
panels be sure to read and follow all precautions on the chemical Material
the panels test surface shall be protected from scratches and Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) and consult with Environmental, Health and
Safety (EHS) Professionals.
contamination, and the panels stored at conditions described in
8.1.
6.2.1.1 Diacetone alcohol nonresidual, technical grade or
5.3.2 For Procedures E, F, and G, a panel as described in better.
6.2.1.2 Methanol (95 %).
5.3.1shallhavea12mm[0.5in.]lengthatoneendofthepanel
bent through an arc of 120° away from the test surface. The 6.2.1.3 Methyl Ethyl Ketone (MEK).
6.2.1.4 n-Heptane.
radius of the curvature of the finished surface at the bend shall
1 1
be 1.5 to 3 mm [ ⁄16 to ⁄8 in.]. 6.2.1.5 Acetone.
6.2.2 For referee testing, the final cleaning shall be with
5,7
5.4 Roller, mechanically or hand-operated.
MEK or acetone.
5.4.1 Asteelroller85 62.5mm[3.25 60.1in.]indiamete
...