ASTM D5057-17

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Designation: D5057 − 10 D5057 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Screening Apparent Specific Gravity and Bulk Density of
Waste
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5057; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of apparent specific gravity and bulk density in waste. a waste sample. For the
purpose of this test method, materials the property to be measured will be is classified into three groups:groups based on material
type:
1.1.1 Group A—Free-flowing liquids; apparent specific gravity (ASG),
1.1.2 Group B—Granules, powders, and water reactive water-reactive liquids, solids, or sludges; bulk density (BD), and
1.1.3 Group C—Bulk solids (such as gravel, paper, or wood, etc.); apparent specific gravity (ASG).
1.2 This test method is designed and intended as a preliminaryscreening test to complement the more sophisticated quantitative
analytical techniques that may be used to determine specific gravity. This test method offers to the user the option and the ability
to screen waste for apparent specific gravity or bulk density when the more sophisticated techniques are not available and the total
waste composition is unknown.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For a specific hazard statement, see Section 9.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1192 Guide for Equipment for Sampling Water and Steam in Closed Conduits (Withdrawn 2003)
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D5681.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 screening—a preliminary qualitative or semi-quantitative test, developed from classical qualitative and quantitative
techniques, that is designed to efficiently give the user specific information about a waste that will aid in determining waste
identification, process compatibility, and safety in handling.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This method describes gravimetric procedures to estimate the specific gravity or bulk density of a waste sample. The specific
gravity of a material is the ratio of the masses of equal volumes of a waste and reagent water. The apparent specific gravity of
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.01.05 on Screening
Methods.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010Sept. 1, 2017. Published January 2011October 2017. Originally approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 20062010 as
D5057-90(2006).D5057 – 10. DOI: 10.1520/D5057-10.10.1520/D5057-17.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
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D5057 − 17
materials in Groups A and C is determined by comparing the mass of a sample to the mass of the same volume of reagent water.
The bulk density of wastes in Group B is determined as a direct mass/volume ratio of the sample alone and should be used for
determinations on water reactive materials. The weights are used in determining mass.water-reactive materials.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method is intended for use by those in the waste management industries for the determination of apparent specific
gravity and bulk density of waste.
5.2 The apparent specific gravity and bulk density determined by this test method can be used for the conversion of measured
volumes to weights.
5.3 The apparent specific gravity and bulk density, when correlated with other properties, can be used to indicate the character
of the waste.
6. Interferences
6.1 Excessive temperatures causing loss of sample components due to vaporization could result in erroneous readings.
6.2 Large, obvious void spaces interfere in this test method and will give inaccurate results because of the false volume
measured.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Weighing Bottle—Container—Specific gravity bottle or equivalent container is needed.container.
6.2 Spatulas.
6.3 Top Loader Balance, with a sensitivity of 0.01 g is required.g.
7. Reagents and Materials
7.1 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references to water shall be understood to mean reagent water as defined by
Type IV of Specification D1193.
9. Hazards
9.1 Warning—Avoid inhalation of and skin and eye contact with all hazardous materials.
10. Sampling
10.1 Collect the sample in accordance with Specification D1192 and Practices D3370 and D4057.
NOTE 1—Extreme temperature variations between the sample and reagent water should be avoided.
8. ProcedureWeighing Container Calibration
11.1 Make all weight measurements to nearest 0.01 g.
8.1 Weigh the empty container (weighing bottle or specific gravity bottle) with lid on, and record weight to the nearest 0.01 g
as W.
8.2 Fill the container with reagent water and place lid on container.
8.3 Fill the container
...