ASTM D3161-06

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D3161–06
Standard Test Method for
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Wind-Resistance of Asphalt Shingles (Fan-Induced Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3161; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope turbulence; these conditions are beyond the means of this test
to simulate. The results of this test do not directly correlate to
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for testing the
wind speeds experienced in service, and no accommodation is
wind resistance of asphalt shingles when applied to a test deck
made in this test method for building height, building exposure
on low slopes in accordance with the manufacturer’s instruc-
category, or building importance factor.
tions at the most susceptible slope for wind damage of 2 in. in
3.2 Many factors influence the sealing characteristics of
12 in. permitted by those instructions. It is used to benchmark
shinglesinthefield;forexample,temperature,time,roofslope,
the blow-off resistance of sealed and interlocked shingles at a
contamination by dirt and debris, and fasteners that are
given wind velocity, but may be used to test unsealed or sealed
misaligned or under-driven and interfere with sealing. It is
shingles at other wind velocities as is applicable.
beyond the scope of this test method to address all of these
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
influences.When testing shingles with sealant, this test method
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
is designed to determine the wind resistance when representa-
only.
tive samples of shingles are sealed under defined conditions
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
before testing.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Apparatus
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.1 Test Machine, capable of delivering a horizontal stream
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
of air through a rectangular opening 914 mm (36 in.) wide and
2. Type and Classes of Shingles 305 mm (12 in.) high at a velocity not less than 97 km/h (60
mph). At a velocity of not less than 177 km/h (110 mph), it is
2.1 Shingles are of two types:
permissible to add a duct section to the equipment to lower the
2.1.1 Type I—Shingles with a factory-applied adhesive
height of the rectangular opening to 152 mm (6 in.). The test
(self-sealing shingles).
velocity shall not vary more than 65 mph as measured at a
2.1.2 Type II—Shingles of the lock type, with mechanically
minimum of three evenly spaced locations across the orifice.
interlocking tabs or ears.
The machine shall be equipped with an adjustable stand to
2.2 Shingles are of three classes:
receive a test panel and be adapted to setting the test panel at
2.2.1 Class A—Pass at a test velocity of 97 km/h (60 mph).
any desired slope, at any horizontal distance from the lower
2.2.2 Class D—Pass at a test velocity of 145 km/h (90
edge of the duct opening, and at various angles incident to the
mph).
wind direction.
2.2.3 Class F—Pass at a test velocity of 177 km/h (110
4.2 Timer, capable of reading to the nearest minute.
mph).
4.3 Mechanical Circulation Conditioning Cell or Room, for
3. Significance and Use self-sealing shingles, having forced circulation of air capable
of receiving a 1.27-m (50-in.) wide by 1.68-m (66-in.) long, or
3.1 Most asphalt shingles that have demonstrated wind
larger test panel on a slope of 2 in. rise per foot (17 % slope)
resistance by this test have also performed well in use. Natural
and of maintaining a uniform temperature of 57 to 60°C (135
wind conditions differ with respect to intensity, duration, and
to 140°F).
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5. Test Samples
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D08 on Roofing
and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.02 on
5.1 The test panels shall be of plywood, tightly matched
Prepared Roofings, Shingles, and Siding Materials.
sheathing boards, or other suitable decking material and not
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2006. Published August 2006. Originally
less than 1.27 by 1.68 m (50 by 66 in.) in size. They are to be
approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D 3161 – 05.
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D3161–06
of such rigidity that they will not twist or distort with
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