ASTM D4713-92(2002)

Designation: D 4713 – 92 (Reapproved 2002)
Standard Test Methods for
Nonvolatile Content of Heatset and Liquid Printing Ink
Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4713; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Summary of Test Methods
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of weight 3.1 Test Method A—Heatset Systems. A 0.15-g specimen is
content of nonvolatile matter in two types of printing inks. mechanically spread in a 57-mm weighing dish to a nominal
1.2 Test Method A is applicable to heatset-type printing inks thickness of 80 6 10 g/m and heated in a forced ventilation
and resin solutions; solvents in such systems typically have oven at 110°C for 3 h.
initial boiling points in the range from 240 to 275°C (470 to 3.2 Test Method B—Liquid Ink Systems. A 0.5-g specimen is
535°F) and vapor pressures less than 0.2 mm Hg. dispensed into a 57-mm weighing dish by means of a dispos-
1.3 Test Method B is applicable to liquid-type printing inks able syringe, mechanically spread out, and heated in an oven at
and vehicles based on aqueous or organic solvents that evapo- 110°C for 1 h.
rate readily at ordinary room temperatures.
4. Significance and Use
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 Nonvolatile content of printing inks is useful for speci-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- fication acceptance between the producer and the user.
4.2 In order to obtain accurate results for heatset systems
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. within the specified 3-h heating time, the specimen film
thickness must be less than 100 g/m , and the oven must have
NOTE 1—Test Method A (for heatset systems) specifies a specimen film
forced ventilation. Thickness of the specimen film is less
thickness that is much thinner than those produced by related test
critical for liquid ink systems.
methods; one exception is Test Method B in Test Methods D 1259, which
is recommended as a referee test.
5. Apparatus
NOTE 2—Test Method B (for liquid ink systems) is similar to Test
Method D 2369 except that a solvent is not required for spreading the test
5.1 Balance, accurate to 1 mg.
specimen.
5.2 Oven, forced-ventilation type conforming to Type IIB in
Specification E 145 and maintained at 110 6 2°C.
2. Referenced Documents
5.3 Thermometer, bulb-type, capable of reading 110 6 2°C,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
such as Thermometer 88C prescribed in Specification E 1.
D 1259 Test Methods for Nonvolatile Content of Resin
5.4 Weighing Dish, such as an aluminum foil dish 57 mm
Solutions
wide, the lid of a 1-lb ink can 94 mm wide, or other
D 2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings
flat-bottomed container. The bottom of the container must not
E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
have a trough or depression into which the test material might
E 145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-
collect.
Ventilation Ovens
5.5 Spatula, or small ink knife.
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
5.6 Spreading Device, one per weighing dish, of heat-stable
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
material, such as a glass stirring rod or thick L-shaped wire.
5.7 Forceps,
5.8 Desiccator,
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on
5.9 Syringe (for liquid ink systems only), single-use 2 to
Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct
responsibility of Subcommittee D01.56 on Printing Inks.
5-mL capacity without needle, or other weighing device listed
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 1992. Published December 1992. Originally
in the Apparatus section of Test Methods D 1259.
e1
published as D 4713 – 87. Last previous edition D 4713 – 87 .
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
4 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. Available from any scientific supply house.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 4713 – 92 (2002)
6. Reagents
R = radius of dish bottom, = diameter/2 mm.
6.1 Toluene, technical grade.
NOTE 3—For a dish with a 50-mm bottom diameter, weight/area = 510
S. For a can lid with a 94-mm bottom diameter, weight/area = 145 S.
7. Preparations of Equipment and Sample
9.2 Calculate content of nonvolatile matter as follows:
7.1 Check the levelness of shelving in the oven; adjust, if
NVM,% 5 ~W/S! 3 100 (2)
necessary. Lay the thermometer on shelf with the bulb at the
place where the samples will be placed. Adjust oven controls
until thermometer reads 110 6 2°C. If air flow is adjustable, set
where:
control dampers at 50 %.
W = specimen weight after heating, g.
7.2 Wear disposable gloves prior to handling weighing dish,
9.3 Optional:
spreading device, or syringe in order to minimize contamina-
The percent of volatile matter may be calculated by differ-
tion
...