ASTM D6464-99

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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Designation: D 6464 – 99
Standard Specification for
Expandable Foam Adhesives for Fastening Gypsum
Wallboard to Wood Framing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6464; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This specification establishes minimum performance 3.1 Definitions—Many terms in this specification are de-
requirements for determining strength, aging, and working fined in Terminology D 907.
properties of expandable foam adhesives intended for bonding 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
back surfaces of gypsum wallboards of all thicknesses to wood 3.2.1 expandable foam adhesive, n—any polymer that ex-
framing. Minimum physical and performance requirements are pands during delivery or cure to fill the space between
specified for all measured properties of adhesives and adhesive substrates.
bonds.
4. Significance and Use
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
4.1 This specification applies to expandable foam adhesives
as the standard. The SI units given in parentheses are for
information only. used to bond the back surface of gypsum wallboard to
Douglas-fir dimensional lumber or other lumber species of
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the equivalent bonding qualities capable of meeting the test
requirements.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 4.2 The specification establishes the minimum strength
requirements of the bond for the selected assembly materials.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.3 The adhesive is not considered a substitute for mechani-
2. Referenced Documents
cal fasteners. Fasteners will be required to restrict expansion of
2.1 ASTM Standards: the foam adhesive while it cures. The recommended fastening
C 36 Specification for Gypsum Wallboard schedule must appear in the manufacturer’s application instruc-
C 557 Specification for Adhesives for Fastening Gypsum tions.
Wallboard to Wood Framing
5. Adhesive Physical Property Requirements
D 828 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Paper and
Paperboard Using Constant-Rate-of-Elongation Appara- 5.1 Open Assembly Time—These adhesives have a distinct
open assembly time and this time must be agreed upon by the
tus
user and the manufacturer.
D 905 Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesive
Bonds in Shear by Compression Loading 5.2 Storage Life—The adhesive shall remain serviceable
and meet all the requirements of this specification for not less
D 907 Terminology of Adhesives
D 1779 Specification for Adhesives for Acoustical Materi- than six months after delivery, when stored in original un-
opened containers at temperatures ranging from 40 to 85°F (4
als
D 4338 Test Method for Flexibility Determination of Sup- to 30°C).
ported Adhesive Films by Mandrel Bend
6. Adhesive Properties and Performance
E 4 Practice for Force Verification of Testing Machines
6.1 The adhesives shall conform to the requirements sum-
marized in Table 1.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-14 on
7. Materials for Conducting Tests
Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.70 on Construction
Adhesives.
7.1 Adhesives—The adhesive shall be an expandable foam
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 1999. Published February 2000.
adhesive.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01.
3 1
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.09. 7.2 Gypsum Wallboard— ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) thick, complying
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.06.
with Specification C 36; the dimensions are specified in each
Discontinued; see 1992 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01.
test.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 6464
TABLE 1 Adhesive Properties and Performance Requirements
Test Method Section Property Condition Requirements
Rate of shear strength 9.1.4 shear strength 24 h at RT 10 psi (69 kPa) min
9.1.5 shear strength 14 days at RT 40 psi (276 kPa) min
9.1.6 shear strength 14 days at RT, + cyclic 32 psi (220 kPa) min
lab exposure, + 2 days at RT
9.1.7 resistance to static load in shear (a) 40 lb (178 N) for 24 h at RT no bond separation
(b) 20 lb (89 N) for 24 h at 100°F no bond separation
Rate of strength development 9.2.2 tensile strength 24 h at RT 15 psi (103 kPa) min
9.2.2 tensile strength 14 days at RT 25 psi (172 kPa) min
Adhesive open-time determination 9.3 open time 24 h at RT 75 % paper transfer, min
Substrate wet-out by adhesive
1. Plywood 9.4.1 wet out spatula applied good wetting property
2. Wallboard 9.4.2 wet out spatula applied good wetting property
Adhesive aging 9.5 accelerated aging 500 h at 158°F no cracking or chipping
3 cycles of
Freeze thaw stability 9.6 low temperature storage 24 h at 0°F + 24 h at RT no change in workability; 10 psi
(69 kPa) shear strength, min
Suitability of a laminating adhesive for 9.7 compatibility 24 h at 100°F no blistering, vinyl-film
discoloration, or bond failure
vinyl-covered wallboard
Suitability for Stain Resistance for 9.8 staining 1 h at RT no swelling or discoloration
Vinyl-covered wallboard
Bridging 9.9 gap-filling 48 h at RT continuous (adhesive) bond line
3 23
7.3 Plywood— ⁄4 or ⁄32 in. (19.0 or 18.3 mm)-thick U.S. (18.3 mm)-thick U.S. Product Standard PS-1-95 grade marked
Product Standard PS-1-95 grade marked stamped, commercial stamped, commercial plywood, Exterior, Group 1 Species, A-A
plywood, Exterior, Group 1 Species, A-A or A-B grade face or A-B grade face and back veneers.
and back veneers. The test specimen dimensions are specified 7.8 Manila Folder—Plain manila paper, 11 point weight,
in each test. (0.011-in. (0.28 mm) thick).
1 1 1
7.4 Douglas-Fir Lumber—1 ⁄2 by 1 ⁄2 by 3 ⁄2in. (38.0 by 7.9 Vinyl-Covered Wallboard—A manufactured product
38.0 by 89.0 mm), clear, dry lumber, (moisture content of 8 to consisting of gypsum wallboard with 2 mil minimum thickness
10 %), with the bonding surface free of bark, knots, splits, and vinyl overlay bonded to the wallboard front face.
pitch. 7.10 1-Pt and 1-Gal Non-Reactive Metal Can.
7.11 Food Wrap Polyethylene Film—0.8 mil thickness
NOTE 1—The tensile test will use one of the ends of the block as a
sheet.
bonding surface and should be an edge grain face.
7.12 Steel Mandrel—1.0 in. (25.4 mm) diameter steel rod or
7.5 Tensile Test Fixture—An assembly of one, 5 in. (127 by
pipe section with smooth and uniform surface.
127 mm)-by- ⁄2 in. (6.35 mm) thick steel plate and two 6 in.
7.13 Tension Rod—A steel rod for connecting the tensile
1 1 1
long sections of 1 ⁄2 by 1 ⁄2 (38.1 by 38.1 mm) by ⁄4 in. (6.4
test specimen assembly to the test machine.
mm) thick steel angles (Fig. 1).
7.14 Testing Machine—Any suitable testing machine that is
7.6 Garnet Paper—No. 120 grit, 3/0.
capable of operation at a constant rate of motion of the
7.7 Plywood Shim—4 by 3 ⁄2 in. or 4 by 4 in. (101.6 by 88.9
moveable head and has an accuracy of 61 % when calibrated
3 23
mm or 101.6 by 101.6 mm) piece of ⁄4-in. (19 mm) or ⁄32-in.
in accordance with Practice E 4 requirements.
7.15 Compression Shear Test Fixture—A compression-
shear apparatus that is similar to, but of a larger scale than the
fixture recommended in Test Method D 905. A similar fixture is
shown in Fig. 2.
7.16 Wood Screw with Eyelet—#6 by 1 ⁄2 in. (38.1 mm)
long, ⁄8 in. (19.5 mm) inside diameter eyelet.
7.17 Scaffolding Nails—6d, double-head, smooth shaft,
0.113–in. (2.870 mm) diameter 2 in. (51 mm) long.
8. Conditioning of Materials and Adhesives
8.1 Standard condition will be defined as being 73 6 2°F
(23 6 1°C) and 50 6 5 % relative humidity.
8.2 Condition the Douglas-fir lumber, plywood, gypsum
wallboard, and plain manila file folder for 48 h as described in
8.1. (The Douglas-fir lumber and plywood should not vary by
0.5 % after consecutive weighings.)
9. Test Methods
FIG. 1 Tensile Strength Test Specimen Assembly 9.1 Shear Strength (Rate-of-Shear Strength Development):
D 6464
laminate. Use a standard 0.125 in. (3.175 mm) drill bit and
locate each pilot hole at ⁄8-in. (9.5 mm) from the sides and
⁄8-in. (22.2 mm) from the overlapped end.
9.1.2.2 Apply the adhesive on the sanded surface with the
self-contained delivery system set at the manufacturer’s rec-
ommended bead size. The amount of adhesive should be
sufficient to cover the entire bond area without gaps in the
adhesive.
9.1.2.3 Allow an open time of 30 s upon completion of
spreading.
9.1.2.4 Squarely position the wallboard-plywood laminate
on the coated plywood overlapping exactly 2 ⁄2 in. (63.5 mm),
2 2
thus forming the 10 in. (64.5 cm ) bonded area (see Fig. 3).
9.1.2.5 Insert four wire spacers (No. 20 gage) at least 2 in.
(51.0-mm) long in the joint. Position the spacers so that they
are at each end of the test region. With the test specimen
positioned horizontally on a firm surface and the wallboard
plywood laminate piece on top, install two 6d scaffolding nails
into the predrilled pilot holes.
FIG. 2 Shear Strength Test Specimen Assembly
NOTE 2—The pilot hole diameter should be slightly larger than the nail
diameter. This is necessary to prevent the laminate from binding against
the nail shaft and interfering with the uniform compression at the bond
9.1.1 Preparation of Wallboard-Plywood Laminates—The
line. Carefully and uniformly set the nails into the lower plywood piece.
gypsum wallboard must be reinforced with plywood. The
Drive the nails until the scaffold head initially encounters the wallboard-
plywood reinforced gypsum wallboard is referred to as the
plywood laminate.
wallboard-plywood laminate. Each laminate is made by bond-
9.1.2.6 After the adhesive has hardened, remove the scaf-
1 1
ing the front surface of a piece of 4 by 3 ⁄2 by ⁄2 in. (101.6 by
folding nails. Remove the spacers and cut away the excess
3 23
88.9 by 12.7 mm) thick wallboard to a ⁄4 or ⁄32 in. (19.0 or
adhesive from the bonded edges. Do not disturb the alignment
18.3 mm) thick plywood piece of the same dimensions with a
of the bond line.
commercially available adhesive. The grain of the wallboard
9.1.3 Shear Strength—Dynamic Loading Determination—
back surface facing paper shall run parallel with the 3 ⁄2 in.
Following the appropriate conditioning, test the specimen in
(89.0) direction. Cure the adhesive in accordance with the
shear using a compression-shear test fixture as shown in Fig. 2.
adhesive manufacturer’s recommendations. Condition the
The bottom edge of the wallboard-plywood laminate shall rest
wallboard-plywood laminate to a constant weight in accor-
on a self-aligning seat as the test loading is simultaneously
dance with 8.2.
applied to the top edge of the plywood. The stress applied must
9.1.2 Preparation of Test Assembly—Prepare the test assem-
be parallel and uniformly distributed to the joint (shear plane)
1 3 23
bly by bondinga4by3 ⁄2 by ⁄4or ⁄32 in. (102.0 by 89.0 by
and must require careful orientation using shims and self-
19.0 mm) piece of plywood (7.3) to the previously prepared
aligning apparatus as necessary. Determine the shear strength
laminate as follows and shown in Fig. 3.
3 at a cross head speed of 0.2 in. (5.1 mm)/min. Observations are
9.1.2.1 Sand the face of the ⁄4-in. (19.0-mm) thick plywood
made during stress application to ensure the test assembly
smooth with garnet paper and wipe the sanded surface free of
maintains proper alignment throughout the test. The test
dust. Drill two pilot holes through the wallboard-plywood
fixtures cannot in any way cause stress measurement error(s)
such as with binding or friction. Report the maximum shear
strength and the average shear strengths for the 24 h, the 14
day, and the cyclic exposure test conditions.
9.1.4 Shear Strength after 24 h:
9.1.4.1 Prepare five test assemblies using the procedure in
9.1.1 and 9.1.2.
9.1.4.2 After aging the assemblies 24 h at standard condi-
tion (8.1), remove the scaffolding nails and determine the shear
strength in accordance with 9.1.3.
9.1.5 Shear Strength After 14 Days:
9.1.5.1 Prepare five test assemblies using the procedure in
9.1.1 and 9.1.2.
9.1.5.2 After aging the assemblies 14 days at standard
condition (8.1), remove the scaffolding nails and determine the
shear strength in accordance with 9.1.3.
FIG. 3 Predrilled Shear Test Specimen Prior to Assembly 9.1.6 Shear Strength After Cyclic Exposure:
D 6464
9.1.6.1 Prepare five test assemblies using the procedure in Install the wood screw into the pilot hole with sufficient thread
9.1.1 and 9.1.2. engagement to withstand the tensile force application.
9.1.6.2 After aging the assemblies 14 days at standard 9.2.1.2 Bond the back paper surface of the wallboard-
condition (8.1), process the assemblies through four complete plywood laminate to the Douglas-fir wood block. Apply excess
cycles (see Table 2). Store the assemblies at standard condition foam adhesive to completely cover the bonding area. Uniform
(8.1) for 24 h after each cycle. squeeze-out of excess adhesive should occur on all sides when
9.1.6.3 At the end of the cycling, remove the scaffolding the bond area is compressed to a bond line thickness of
nails and determine the shear strength in accordance with 9.1.3. approximately ⁄32 in. (0.8 mm).
9.1.7 Resistance to Static Load in Shear: 9.2.1.3 Insert and position the tip of four wire spacers of No.
9.1.7.1 Prepare ten assemblies using the procedure in 9.1.1 20 gage at least 2-in. (51.0-mm) long into the bonded area with
and 9.1.2. Use a razor blade to scribe a line at both edges and the spacers positioned ⁄4-in. (6.3 mm) from each edge of the
perpendicular to the bond line where the gypsum wallboard- wood block. With the test specimen’s wood block on a firm
plywood laminate meets the plywood. The line will be useful surface and the wallboard-plywood laminate centered on top,
when examining the assembly for noticeable separation or install the 6d scaffolding nail into the pre-drilled pilot hole.
slippage.
NOTE 4—The pilot hole diameter should be slightly larger than the nail
9.1.7.2 Condition the assemblies 14 days at standard con-
diameter. This will prevent the laminate from binding against the nail shaft
dition (8.1). Remove the scaffolding nails after 14 days.
and interfering with the uniform compression at the bond l
...