ASTM D4553-02

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Designation:D4553–02
Standard Test Method for
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Determining In Situ Creep Characteristics of Rock
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4553; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope * 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 creep—a time-dependent displacement of a plate
1.1 This test method covers the preparation, equipment, test
pushed into the surface of the rock by a constant normal load.
procedure, and data documentation for determining in situ
It is not directly related with laboratory creep data because of
creep characteristics of a rock mass using a rigid plate
the nonuniformity of stress within the rock mass underneath
subjected to controlled loading.
the plate.
1.2 This test method is designed to be conducted in an
3.2.2 displacement—movement of the rigid plate, grout
underground opening; however, with suitable modifications,
pad, or rock in response to and in the same direction as the
this test could be conducted at the surface.
applied load.
1.3 Thetestisusuallyconductedparallelorperpendicularto
3.2.3 load—total force acting on the rock face.
the anticipated axis of thrust, as dictated by the design load or
3.2.4 rigid plate—platewithadeflectionoflessthan0.0005
other orientations, based upon the application.
in. (0.0125 mm) from the center to the edge of the plate when
1.4 Flexible plate apparatus can be used if the anticipated
maximum load is applied.
creep displacement is within the tolerance of the travel of the
flat jacks.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
4.1 Areas on two opposing faces of a test opening are
as the standard.
flattened, smoothed, and made parallel.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.2 A grout pad and rigid metal plate are installed against
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
eachfaceandahydraulicloadingsystemisplacedbetweenthe
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
rigid plates.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.3 The two faces are rapidly loaded to the desired creep
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
load,withoutshock,theloadmaintained,andthedisplacement
precaution statements, see Section 8.
of the plate measured as a function of time.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Significance and Use
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 Results of this test method are used to predict time-
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
2 dependent deformation characteristics of a rock mass resulting
Fluids
from loading. It is a test that may be required depending on
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
rock type or anticipated loads, or both.
Engaged in theTesting and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock
2 5.2 This test method may be useful in structural design
Used in Engineering Design and Construction
analysis where loading is applied over an extensive period.
D4394 Test Method for Determining the In Situ Modulus
5.3 This test method is normally performed at ambient
of Deformation of Rock Mass Using the Rigid Plate
2 temperature, but equipment can be modified or substituted for
Loading Method
2
operations at other temperatures.
D4403 Practice for Extensometers Used in Rock
5.4 Results of this test method may be useful in verifying
3. Terminology laboratory creep data and structural mathematical modeling
analyses.
3.1 Definitions: See Terminology D653 for general defini-
5.5 Creep characteristics are determined under a nonuni-
tions.
form state of stress.
5.6 If during a field investigation, time-dependent charac-
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ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD18onSoiland
teristics are detected, then an in situ creep test shall be
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.12 on Rock Mechanics.
performed.
Current edition approved Jan. 10, 2002. Published April 2002. Originally
published as D4553–85. Last previous edition D4553–90(1995).
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.08.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D4553
NOTE 1—The quality of the result produced by this standard is
and shall be capable of conforming to the rock surface and
dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the
bearing plate. High early strength grout or molten sulfur
suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the
bear
...