ASTM D1598-97

Designation: D 1598 – 97 An American National Standard
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Method for
Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe Under Constant Internal
1
Pressure
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1598; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
NOTE 1—Overall distention which results from creep caused by long-
1. Scope
term stress is not considered to be a ballooning failure.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the time-
3.1.3 free (unrestrained) end closure—a pipe specimen end
to-failure of both thermoplastic and reinforced thermosetting/
closure (cap) that seals the end of the pipe against loss of
resin pipe under constant internal pressure.
internal fluid and pressure, and is fastened to the pipe speci-
1.2 This test method provides a method of characterizing
men.
plastics in the form of pipe under the conditions prescribed.
3.1.4 restrained end closure—a pipe specimen end closure
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
(cap) that seals the end of the specimen against loss of internal
as the standard.
fluid and pressure, but is not fastened to the pipe specimen.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Restrained end closures rely on tie-rod(s) through the pipe
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
specimen or on external structure to resist internal pressure end
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
thrust.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.5 rupture—a break in the pipe wall with immediate loss
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
of test fluid and continued loss at essentially no pressure. If
2. Referenced Documents
rupture is not preceded by some yielding, this may be termed
a non-ductile failure.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.6 seepage or weeping—water or fluid passing through
D 2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-
2
microscopic breaks in the pipe wall. A reduction in pressure
moplastic Pipe and Fittings
will frequently enable the pipe to carry fluid without evidence
D 2837 Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design
2
of loss of the liquid.
Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials
D 2992 Practice for Obtaining Hydrostatic or Pressure De-
4. Summary of Test Method
sign Basis for “Fiberglass’’ (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced
2
4.1 This test method consists of exposing specimens of pipe
Thermosetting-Resin) Pipe and Fittings
to a constant internal pressure while in a controlled environ-
D 3517 Specification for “Fiberglass” (Glass-Fiber-
2
ment. Such a controlled environment may be accomplished by,
Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin) Pressure Pipe
but is not limited to, immersing the specimens in a controlled
D 3567 Practice for Determining Dimensions of “Fiber-
temperature water or air bath. The time-to-failure is measured.
glass” (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting-Resin)
2
Pipe and Fittings
NOTE 2—Dimensional changes should be measured on specimens
undergoing long-term strength tests. Measurements using circumferential
3. Terminology
tapes, strain gages, or mechanical extensometers provide useful informa-
tion.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 failure—any continuous loss of pressure with or
5. Significance and Use
without the transmission of the test fluid through the body of
5.1 The data obtained by this test method are useful for
the specimen under test shall constitute failure. Failure may be
establishing stress versus failure time relationships in a con-
by one or a combination of the following modes:
trolled environment from which the hydrostatic design basis
3.1.2 ballooning—any localized expansion of a pipe speci-
for plastic pipe materials can be computed. (Refer to Test
men while under internal pressure. This is sometimes referred
Method D 2837 and Practice D 2992.)
to as ductile failure.
5.2 In order to determine how plastics will perform as pipe,
1 it is necessary to establish the stress-failure time relationships
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-17 on Plastic
for pipe over 2 or more logarithmic decades of time (hours) in
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.40 on Test
Methods.
a controlled environment. Because of the nature of the test and
Current edition approved Aug. 10, 1997. Published November 1997. Originally
specimens employed, no single line can adequately represent
published as D 1598 – 58 T. Last previous edition D 1598 – 86(1991).
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.04.
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D 1598
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