ASTM D2859-96

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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Designation: D 2859 – 96
Standard Test Method for
Ignition Characteristics of Finished Textile Floor Covering
Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2859; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 2646 Test Methods for Backing Fabrics
D 3411 Test Method for Flammability of Textile Materials
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the flam-
2.2 AATCC Standard:
mability of finished textile floor covering materials when
Method 138-1972, Shampooing: Washing of Textile Floor
exposed to an ignition source under controlled laboratory
Coverings
conditions. It is applicable to all types of textile floor coverings
regardless of the method of fabrication or whether they are
3. Terminology
made from natural or man-made fibers. Although this test
3.1 Definitions:
method may be applied to unfinished material, such a test is not
3.1.1 finished, adj—in textile floor covering materials, the
considered satisfactory for the evaluation of a textile floor
completion of all manufacturing operations.
covering material for ultimate consumer use.
3.1.2 flame retardant, n—a chemical used to impart flame
1.2 This standard should be used to measure and describe
resistance.
the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response
3.1.3 flame-retardant treatment, n—a process for incorpo-
to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and
rating or adding flame retardant(s) to a material or product.
should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or
3.1.3.1 Discussion—The term “flame-retardant treatment”
fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire
does not apply to textiles that are inherently-flame-resistant due
conditions. However, results of this test may be used as
to the intrinsic properties of the material or the fiber-forming
elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all
polymer.
of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire
3.1.4 flame resistance, n—the property of a material
hazard of a particular end use.
whereby flaming combustion is prevented, terminated, or
NOTE 1—For other standards on flammability of textiles, refer to: Test
inhibited following application of a flaming or nonflaming
Methods D 1230 and D 3411. For methods of measuring other properties
source of ignition, with or without subsequent removal of the
of floor coverings and components thereof, refer to: Test Methods D 418,
ignition source.
D 1116, D 1335, D 2401, and D 2406.
3.1.4.1 Discussion—Flame resistance can be an inherent
2. Referenced Documents property of the basic material or product, or it may be imparted
by specific treatment. The degree of flame resistance exhibited
2.1 ASTM Standards:
by a specific material during testing may vary with different
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles Materials
test conditions.
D 418 Methods of Testing Pile Yarn Floor Covering Con-
3.2 For definitions of other textile terms used in this method,
struction
refer to Terminology D 123.
D 1116 Test Method for Resistance of Pile Floor Coverings
to Attack by Black Carpet Beetle Larvae
4. Summary of Test Method
D 1230 Test Method for Flammability of Apparel Textiles
4 4.1 This test method involves the exposure of conditioned
D 1335 Test Method for Tuft Bind of Pile Floor Coverings
2 and oven-dried specimens to a standard source of ignition in a
D 1776 Practice for Conditioning Textiles for Testing
draft-protected environment and the measurement of the re-
D 2401 Test Method for Service Change of Appearance of
5 sulting char length.
Pile Floor Coverings
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method provides a procedure for identification
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-13 on Textiles
and is direct responsibility of Subcommittee D 13.21 on Pile Floor Coverings. of those finished textile floor covering materials that can be
Current edition approved Feb. 10, 1996. Published April 1996. Originally
published as D 2859 – 70 T. Last previous edition D 2859 – 93a.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.
3 6
Discontinued, see 1979 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Part 22. Discontinued, see 1980 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Part 32.
4 7
Discontinued, see 1994 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01. Technical Manual of the American Association of Textile Chemists and
Discontinued, see 1991 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01. Colorists, P. O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 2859
rated as flame-resistant under specific controlled laboratory cation or other agreement between the purchaser and the seller,
conditions. select a sample comprised of a roll or piece believed to be
5.2 This test method does not specify the use of an underlay representative of the lot to be tested. Each roll or piece must be
material. If desired, the method may be used to assess the effect large enough to permit cutting eight specimens each 9 in. (230
of a specific underlay in combination with a specific floor mm) square, free of creases, fold marks, or any delamination.
covering, but such a variation in procedure must be noted in the 7.2 If the textile floor covering material has had a fire-
report. retardant treatment (as defined in 3.2), wash the specimens as
5.3 Results observed with the specimens in a horizontal directed in the washing procedure described in AATCC
plane, as specified, may not be characteristic of the same Method 138-1972.
material when used in any other plane, particularly in a vertical 7.3 Cut eight specimens, each 9.0 6 0.1 in. (2306 3 mm)
plane. square, from each sample.
5.4 Test Method D 2859 for testing finished textile floor
8. Conditioning
covering materials for flammability is considered satisfactory
for acceptance testing of commercial shipments since the
8.1 Condition the specimens as directed in Practice D 1776.
method has been used extensively in the trade for acceptance
testing. In cases of disagreement arising from differences in 9. Procedure
values reported by the purchaser and the seller when using this
9.1 Clean each specimen with the vacuum cleaner until it is
method for acceptance testing, the statistical bias, if any,
free of all loose ends and of any material that may have been
between the laboratory of the purchaser and the laboratory of
worked into the pile during handling.
the seller should be determined with each comparison being
9.2 Place the eight conditioned specimens in
...