ASTM D4495-12

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Designation:D4495 −12 AnAmerican National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Impact Resistance of Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Rigid
1
Profiles by Means of a Falling Weight
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4495; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the energy 3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Termi-
required to crack or break rigid poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) nology D883, unless otherwise indicated.
profile under specified conditions of impact by means of a
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
falling weight.
3.2.1 failure—thepresenceofabrittlefailurereadilyvisible
1.2 Thistestmethodisusedeitherbyitselforinconjunction by the naked eye, including a sharp crack, split, or shatter in
with other methods for measuring PVC product toughness. any part of the profile as a result of the impact of the falling
weight. Failure does not include ductile tears (where the
1.3 Because of the wide variety of profile sizes and shapes
surfaces at the tip of the crack have a greater than 0° angle), or
and the wide variety of manufacturing procedures and field
ductile breaks (hinged breaks where the cracked part remains
abuse, this test method does not correlate universally with all
joined to the unbroken part throughout the length of the
types of abuse. Therefore, correlations must be established as
cracked part or section), (Fig. 1).
needed.
3.2.2 mean failure height—the height from which the
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
falling weight will cause 50 % of the specimens to fail.
which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
3.2.3 mean failure energy—energy required to produce
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
50 % failures. The product of the weight and mean failure
as requirements of this standard.
height.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.2.4 outlier—an observation that appears to deviate mark-
as the standard.
edly from other members of the sample in which it occurs.
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 The profile is cut into lengths of at least 6 in. The test
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
method establishes the height from which a standard falling
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
weight will cause 50 % of the specimens to fail.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 TheimpactstrengthofPVCprofilesrelatestosuitability
2
for service and to quality of processing. Impact tests are used
2.1 ASTM Standards:
for quality-control purposes and as an indication that products
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
can withstand handling during assembling, installation, or in
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
service.
E178 Practice for Dealing With Outlying Observations
5.2 Resultsobtainedbyuseofthistestmethodareabletobe
used in two ways:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics 5.2.1 As the basis for establishing impact-test requirements
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.24 on Plastic Building
in product standards, and
Products.
5.2.2 To measure the effect of changes in materials or
Current edition approved May 1, 2012. Published June 2012. Originally
processing.
approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D4495 – 00(2005).
DOI: 10.1520/D4495-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 6. Apparatus
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.1 General—One type of impact tester is illustrated in Fig.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 2.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
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D4495−12
FIG. 1 Types of Breaks
1
for larger sizes of profile, to protect the operator from flying broken
6.2 Falling Weight, shall be cylindrical and 2 ⁄2 in. in
pieces.
diameter, with a flat-bottom surface that strikes the test
NOTE 4—The dropped weight may not fall freely if the clearance
specimen.
between the weight and tube is too larg
...