ASTM D6573/D6573M-00

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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Designation: D 6573/D 6573M – 00
Standard Specification for
General Purpose Wirebound Shipping Boxes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6573/D 6573M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope A 641 Specification for Zinc-Coated Galvanized Carbon
Steel Wire
1.1 This specification covers the fabrication of new wire-
A 777 Specification for Galvanized Round Steel Tying
bound general purpose (GP) panelboard (hereafter referred to
Wire
as wirebound boxes) shipping boxes intended for use as
A 809 Specification for Aluminum-Coated (Aluminized)
containers for domestic and overseas shipment of general
Carbon Steel Wire
materials and supplies, not exceeding 500 lb [226.8 kg] for
A 818 Specification for Coppered Carbon Steel Wire
class 1 domestic, 400 lb [181.4 kg] for Class 2 overseas
D 996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
shipments or 300 lb [136.0 kg] for Class 3 extreme distribution
ments
hazard conditions or military contingency purposes.
D 1990 Practice for Establishing Allowable Properties for
1.2 Wirebound box performance is dependent on its fabri-
Visual-Graded Dimension, Lumber from In-Grade Tests of
cated components; therefore, a variety of types, classes, styles,
Full-Size Specimens
and treatments reflecting varied performance are specified.
D 3950 Specification for Strapping, Nonmetallic (and Join-
This specification does not cover wirebound box performance
ing Methods)
under all atmosphere, handling, shipping, and storage condi-
D 3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
tions. Wirebound boxes in compliance with Hazardous Mate-
D 3953 Specification for Strapping, Flat Steel and Seals
rial Modal Regulations or United States Code of Federal
D 4169 Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Con-
Regulations (CFRs) are found in the Supplementary Require-
tainers and Systems
ments.
D 6199 Practice for Quality of Wood Members of Contain-
1.3 The use of other construction methods or techniques are
ers and Pallets
acceptable and shall be permitted, provided the resulting
D 6254/D 6254M Specification for Wirebound Pallet-Type
packaging systems are of equal or better performance than
Wood Boxes
would result from the use of these specified materials and
F 1667 Specification for Driven Fasteners: Nails, Spikes
procedures. The appropriate Practice D 4169 distribution
and Staples
cycle(s) can be used to develop comparative procedures and
IEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use of the International
criteria.
System of Units (SI) (the Modern Metric System)
1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
2.2 Federal Specification:
regarded as standard. The SI values given in brackets are
Fed-Std-123 Federal Standard Marking for Shipment (Civil
mathematical. The values stated in each system are not exact
Agencies)
equivalents; therefore, each system must be used indepen-
2.3 Military Specification:
dently of the other. Combining values from the two systems
MIL-HDBK-129 Department of Defense Handbook Mili-
may result in non-conformance with the standard. See IEEE/SI
tary Marking
10 for conversion of units.
2.4 National Motor Freight Traffıc Association Standard:
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
National Motor Freight Classification
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
2.5 National Freight Committee Standard:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.06.
Discontinued. See 1995 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.06.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.09.
2. Referenced Documents
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.10.
2.1 ASTM Standards: 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.08.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
Office, Washington, DC 20402.
1 9
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4, Section D,
Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.26 on Wooden Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111–5094, Attn: NPODS.
Crates, Pallets, and Skids. Available from the National Motor Freight Traffic Association, American
Current edition approved June 10, 2000. Published September 2000. Trucking Associations, 2200 Mill Road, Alexandria, VA 22314.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 6573/D 6573M
Uniform Freight Classification 5.1.5 Weight of contents or load specified in lbs (kg).
2.6 APA—The Engineered Wood Association Standard: 5.1.6 Type of girth wire (see 7.8).
PS1-95 Construction and Industrial Plywood 5.1.7 When palletization is required (see S3.4.3).
5.1.8 Marking required (see S3.4.2).
3. Terminology
5.1.9 Exceptions to these specifications, if authorized.
3.1 Definitions—General definitions for packaging and dis-
5.1.10 When preservation treatment Grade A is required for
tribution environments are found in Terminology D 996.
class 2 or 3 boxes for overseas shipments (see 6.1.4).
5.1.11 When four-way entry skids are required and when
4. Classification
3 ⁄2 by 4-in. [76 by 89 mm] built-up skids are required (see
4.1 Types:
7.14).
4.1.1 Type 1—Easy load, one interior container that sup-
5.1.12 Purchasers should reference by paragraph number
ports the top, bottom, and sides of the outer wirebound
any supplemental requirements applicable to their purchase
shipping box.
request (see S1.1).
4.1.2 Type 2—Average load, interior or intermediate con-
tainers that support and fill the voids of outer wirebound 6. Materials and Manufacture
container.
6.1 Materials—It is encouraged that recycled material be
4.1.3 Type 3—Difficult load, interior contents that require a
used when practical. All recovered, recycled, or virgin mate-
high degree of protection. Interior contents will not support
rials used in the box manufacture shall meet the requirements
outer wirebound shipping container top, bottom, or sides.
of this specification and APA/EWA PSI-95. Panelboard shall
4.1.4 Type 4—Special use, wirebound wood boxes (see
have no more than 40 % post consumer recovered material.
Supplementary Requirements section for specification require-
6.1.1 Lumber—Lumber shall perform to Practice D 6199,
ments).
Class 2 requirements, for cleats (see 7.3, Group III) for skids
4.2 Classes:
see Specification D 6254/D 6254M. Properties of lumber are in
4.2.1 Class 1—Domestic shipments capable of passing
accordance with Practice D 1990
Practice D 4169, distribution Cycle 1 testing as a minimum,
6.1.1.1 Plywood Panel—Requirements are found in APA
with no maritime shipment testing required.
PS1–95.
4.2.2 Class 2—Overseas shipments capable of passing
6.1.1.2 Faceboards—The material used for the faces of a
Practice D 4169 distribution Cycles 1 with 15, 16, or 17 as
box. Faceboards shall be as specified (see 7.2):
applicable to the type of shipping container selected.
6.1.2 Wires:
4.2.3 Class 3—Extreme Distribution hazards or military
6.1.2.1 Binding Wire and Staple Wire—Binding wire shall
contingency operations the wirebound container will be ca-
be low carbon annealed steel wire and have the properties
pable of passing Practice D 4169 distribution cycle 18 testing
listed in Table 1. Staple wire shall be hard tempered, low
as a minimum requirement.
carbon steel wire, and have the properties listed in Table 1.
4.3 Style (based on the method of closure, see Fig. 1 ):
6.1.2.2 Wire Coatings—The surfaces of binding wire and
4.3.1 Style 1—Twisted wire closure.
staple wire for Class 2 and 3 boxes shall be galvanized. The
4.3.2 Style 2—Looped wire closure.
surface of binding and staple wires for Class 1 boxes need not
4.3.3 Style 3—Looped wire closure with wired ends.
be galvanized. Galvanized coating shall be smooth and shall
4.4 Treatment:
not flake or peel when tested in accordance with Specification
4.4.1 Grade A—With preservative treatment.
A 641.
4.4.2 Grade B—Without water preservative treatment.
6.1.3 Fasteners:
6.1.3.1 Nails—Nails shall be made of steel wire and shall
5. Ordering Information
conform to the requirements of Specification F 1667. Nails will
5.1 Purchasers should cite the following information in
be clinched, cement-coated, or chemical etched to prevent
procurement and purchase order documents:
premature withdrawal.
5.1.1 This specification title, ASTM number, and date.
6.1.3.2 Staples or Wire Stitches—Staples or wire stitches
5.1.2 Type of load, box type, class, style, and treatment, if
shall be made of steel wire not less than 0.0625 in. [2 mm] and
specified, (see 4.1-4.4 and S2.1 respectively).
comply with Specification F 1667.
5.1.3 The material/product shall conform to the require-
6.1.4 Wood Preservative, Water Repellent—Water repellent
ments stated in United States Customary Units of Specification
preservative shall be composed of either a 2 % copper naph-
IEEE/S1 10.
thenate, a 3 % zinc naphthenate, or a 1.8 % oxine copper
5.1.3.1 Inside box dimensions (see 7.1).
(formerly referred to as copper-8-quinolinolate) solution.
5.1.4 Intermediate cleats for special designs, their size and
location. (see 7.3.1).
7. Construction
7.1 Dimensions—Boxes shall be furnished having the di-
mensions as specified (see 5.1.3). Dimensions of boxes are
Available from the National Railroad Freight Committee, Uniform Freight
Classification, 151 Ellis Street, N.E., Suite 200, Atlanta, GA 30335–6201.
measured between the inside surfaces of the faceboards, and
12 th
Available from the APA, the Engineered Wood Association, 7011 S. 19
calculated to the nearest ⁄8in. [3 mm], the preferred sequence
Street, P.O. Box 11700, Tacoma, WA 98411–0700.
length, width, and depth is used to communicate size in the
Dean, School of Military Packaging Technology, 360 Lanyard Rd., Building
360, Attn: ATSL-MP, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005–5282. purchase order or contract.
D 6573/D 6573M
FIG. 1 Styles of Closures
7.2 Faceboards—Faceboards are the sheathing boards on TABLE 1 Tensile Strength of Binding and Staple Wire
the top, bottom, sides and ends of a box. The thickness of the
Type K (psi) MPa Use
faceboard can be determined by selecting the appropriate
Twist binding 45–70 310–483 Twist closure
information from Tables 2 and 3. Weight of box contents, type Medium binding 60–75 414–517 Groups 1, 2, 3 woods
Hard binding 70–85 483–586 Group 4 woods
of load and the groups of wood based on box class determine
Stapling wire 95–125 655–862 Group 1, 2, 3 woods
the appropriate faceboard.
Stapling wire special Up to 180 Up to 1241 Group 4 woods
7.2.1 Grain of Faceboards—End faceboards for Styles 1
and 2 boxes shall be placed with the grain horizontal, except
that when horizontal battens are used in end panels, the grain boxes shall be placed with the grain vertical. A line of staples
of the faceboards shall be vertical. End faceboards for Style 3 shall be located approximately 1 in. [25 mm] from the parallel
D 6573/D 6573M
TABLE 2 Minimum Thickness of Faceboards TABLE 3 Minimum Faceboard Requirements
Group 1 Woods in Fractional Resawn faceboard Faceboard edge piece Space between
Weight of Contents in lbs [kg]
in. [mm] thickness not less than not less than 2- ⁄2in. Faceboards not more
1 1
⁄32 in. [1 mm] Less than [63.5 mm] wide than ⁄4 in. [6 mm]
Exceeding Not Exceeding Type 1 Load Type 2 Load Type 3 Load
specified in Table 2
Faceboards no less than One full piece of plywood
Class I Boxes
7 1 5 1
2 ⁄2 in. [63.5 mm] in width thickness not less than
0 85 [38.5] ⁄32 [6] ⁄4 [6] ⁄16 [8]
1 5 3
25 %
85 [38.5] 125 [56.7] ⁄4 [6] ⁄16 [8] ⁄8 [10]
5 3 7
125 [56.7] 200 [90.7] ⁄16 [8] ⁄8 [10] ⁄16 [11]
A
3 7
200 [90.7] 300 [136.1] ⁄8 [10] ⁄16 [11]
AAA
300 [136.1] 400 [181.4]
AAA
400 [181.4] 500 [226.8]
7.3 Cleats—Cleats are pieces of lumber which form the
Class 2 Boxes
A
5 3 framework of the box and to which faceboards of the top,
0 85 [38.5] ⁄16 [8] ⁄8 [10]
A
3 3
85 [38.5] 125 [56.7] ⁄8 [10] ⁄8 [10]
bottom, and sides are stapled. Cleats shall be made from wood
AAA
125 [56.7] 200 [90.7]
specified in Practice D 6199. The cleats shall be made of Group
AAA
200 [90.7] 300 [136.1]
AAA
2, 3, or 4 woods only. Each cleat shall be single piece of wood
300 [136.1] 400 [181.4]
Group I Woods Fractional, in.
without joints. Cleats shall be made with mitered ends or with
Weight of Box Contents in lbs [kg]
[mm]
mortised and tenoned ends tongue- and groove. Dimensions
Class 3 Boxes
Not Exceeding Type 1 Load Type 2 Load Type 3 Load
shall be actual dimensions, 1 ⁄32 in. [26 mm]. Edge cleats of all
Exceeding
A
3 3
13 7
0 85 [38.5] ⁄8 [10] ⁄8 [10]
styles of boxes shall be ⁄16in. [21 mm] wide and ⁄8 in. [22
AAA
85 [38.5] 125 [56.7]
mm] in thickness for boxes having weight of contents up to 300
AAA
125 [56.7] 200 [90.7]
AAA
lb [136 kg]. Boxes having weight of contents from 300 to 500
200 [90.7] 500 [226.8]
Group 2 and 3 Woods in 1
lb [136 to 227 kg] edge cleats shall be 1 ⁄8 in. [29 mm] wide
Weight of Box Contents in lbs [kg]
Fractional in. [mm]
and 1 ⁄8 in. [29 mm] in thickness, except that HVB or HVBW
Class 1 Boxes
Not Exceeding Type 1 Load Type 2 Load Type 3 Load
end patterns are used (see Fig. 2), edge cleats shall be ⁄16 in.
Exceeding
1 1 3
0 85 [38.5] ⁄7 [4] ⁄6 [4] ⁄16 [5] 7
[21 mm] wide and ⁄8 in. [22 mm] in thickness.
1 3 7
85 [38.5] 125 [56.7] ⁄6 [4] ⁄16 [5] ⁄32 [6]
7.3.1 Intermediate Cleats—Boxes for Types 2 and 3 loads,
3 7 1
125 [56.7] 200 [90.7] ⁄16 [5] ⁄32 [6] ⁄4 [6]
7 7 1
200 [90.7] 300 [136.1] ⁄32 [6] ⁄32 [6] ⁄4 [6] having greater between-cleat dimensions than specified in
1 1 5
300 [136.1] 400 [181.4] ⁄4 [6] ⁄4 [6] ⁄16 [8]
Table 4, shall be reinforced with one or more rows of
5 5 3
400 [181.4] 500 [226.8] ⁄16 [8] ⁄16 [8] ⁄8 [10]
intermediate cleats, except as below. Rows of intermediate
Class 2 Boxes
3 7 5
0 85 [38.5] ⁄16 [5] ⁄32 [6] ⁄16 [8] cleats are not required on boxes for Type 1 loads. The distance
7 1 5
85 [38.5] 125 [56.7] ⁄32 [6] ⁄4 [6] ⁄16 [8]
between adjacent rows of cleats shall not exceed the distance
7 1 5
125 [56.7] 200 [90.7] ⁄32 [6] ⁄4 [6] ⁄16 [8]
indicated in Table 5. In special designs for Types 2 and 3 loads,
1 3 3
200 [90.7] 300 [136.1] ⁄4 [6] ⁄8 [10] ⁄8 [10]
5 3 3
300 [136.1] 400 [181.4] ⁄16 [8] ⁄8 [10] ⁄8 [10] where required, size and location of intermediate cle
...