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ASTM C443-05

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe and Manholes, Using Rubber Gaskets

Standard Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe and Manholes, Using Rubber Gaskets

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers flexible watertight joints for concrete pipe and precast manhole sections, using rubber gaskets for sealing the joints, where infiltration or exfiltration is a factor in the design. The specification covers the design of joints and the requirements for rubber gaskets to be used therewith, for pipe conforming in all other respects to Specification C 14, Specification C 76, or Specificaton C 507 and precast manhole section conforming in all other respects to Specification C 478, provided that if there is conflict in permissible variations in dimensions the requirements of this specification for joints shall govern.
1.2 A complete metric companion to Specification C 443 has been developed-C 443M; therefore, no metric equivalents are presented in this specification.
Note 1—This specification covers the design, material, and performance of the rubber gasket joint only. Joints covered by this specification are normally adequate for hydrostatic pressures up to 13 psi (30 ft) without leakage, when tested in accordance with Section . Infiltration or exfiltration quantities for an installed pipeline are dependent upon many factors other than the joints, and allowable quantities must be covered by other specifications and suitable testing of the installed pipeline and system.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Dec-2004
ICS
13.060.30 - Sewage water
Technical Committee
C13 - Concrete Pipe
Drafting Committee
C13.08 - Joints for Precast Concrete Structures
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM C443-05a - Standard Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe and Manholes, Using Rubber Gaskets
Effective Date
01-Oct-2005

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ASTM C443-05 - Standard Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe and Manholes, Using Rubber GasketsASTM C443-05 - Standard Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe and Manholes, Using Rubber Gaskets
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ASTM C443-05 - Standard Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe and Manholes, Using Rubber Gaskets
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C 443 – 05a
Standard Specification for
Joints for Concrete Pipe and Manholes, Using Rubber
1
Gaskets
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 443; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (ε) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope C 507 Specification for Reinforced Concrete Elliptical Cul-
vert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe
1.1 This specification covers flexible watertight joints for
C 822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related
concrete pipe and precast manhole sections, using rubber
Products
gasketsforsealingthejoints,whereinfiltrationorexfiltrationis
C 1619 SpecificationforElastomericSealsforJoiningCon-
a factor in the design. The specification covers the design of
crete Pipe
joints and the requirements for rubber gaskets to be used
therewith, for pipe conforming in all other respects to Speci-
3. Terminology
fication C14, Specification C76, or Specification C 507 and
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to con-
precast manhole section conforming in all other respects to
crete pipe, see Terminology C 822.
Specification C 478, provided that if there is conflict in
permissible variations in dimensions the requirements of this
4. Basis of Acceptance
specification for joints shall govern.
4.1 The acceptability of the pipe joints and gaskets shall be
1.2 A complete metric companion to Specification C 443
determinedbytheresultsofthephysicaltestsprescribedinthis
hasbeendeveloped—C 443M;therefore,nometricequivalents
specification, if and when required, and by inspection to
are presented in this specification.
determine whether the pipe joints and gaskets conform to this
NOTE 1—This specification covers the design and performance of the
specification as to design and freedom from defects.
rubber gasket joint only. Joints covered by this specification are normally
adequate for hydrostatic pressures up to 13 psi (30 ft) without leakage,
5. Materials and Manufacture for Gaskets
when tested in accordance with Section 9. Infiltration or exfiltration
5.1 All rubber gaskets shall comply with Specification
quantities for an installed pipeline are dependent upon many factors other
C 1619 in terms of materials and manufacture. The gaskets
than the joints, and allowable quantities must be covered by other
shall be extruded or molded to the specified size within a
specifications and suitable testing of the installed pipeline and system.
tolerance of66 % on any dimension, measured at any cross
2. Referenced Documents
section.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
6. Physical Requirements for Gaskets Physical Requirements
C14 Specification for Concrete Sewer, Storm Drain, and
for Gaskets
Culvert Pipe
C76 Specification for Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm 6.1 Standard Gasket Requirements—All rubber gaskets
Drain, and Sewer Pipe shall meet the dimensions, tolerances, and physical require-
C 478 Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Man- ments of Specification C 1619, Class C.
hole Sections 6.2 Oil Resistant Gasket Requirements—All rubber gaskets
shall meet the dimensions, tolerances, and physical require-
ments of Specification C 1619, Class D.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on
Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.08 on Rubber
7. Design of Joints
Gaskets.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2005. Published October 2005. Originally
7.1 The manufacturer shall furnish the owner with the
approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C 443–05.
detailed design of the joint or joints including design and
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C 443 – 05a
durometer hardness of the rubber gasket proposed to be 8. Permissible Variations in Dimensions
furnished under this specification.
8.1 The planes formed by the ends of nonbeveled pipe shall
7.1.1 The joint design shall consist of a bell or groove on
not vary from the perpendicular to the pipe axis by more than
oneendofaunitofpipe,andaspigotortongueontheadjacent 3
⁄16 in. for internal diameters or equivalent diameters 30 in. and
1
end of the joining pipe.
smaller; or by more than ⁄4 in. for internal diameters or
3
7.1.2 All surfaces of the joint upon or against
...

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This specification covers the manufacture and purchase requirements of products used for the assembly and construction of circular vertical precast reinforced concrete manholes and structures used in sewer and water works. Reinforced concrete shall consist of cementitious materials, mineral aggregates, and water, in which steel reinforcement has been embedded in such a manner so that the steel reinforcement and concrete act together. Aggregates shall conform to the specification , except that the requirements for gradation shall not apply. Minimum compressive strength of concrete manhole products covered must meet the requirement. The aggregates shall be sized, graded, proportioned, and mixed with such proportions of cementitious materials and water as will produce as homogeneous concrete mixture of such quality that the products will conform to the test and design requirements. Concrete products shall be subjected to either steam or water curing. Test methods such as compression and absorption testing shall be performed.
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1.1 This specification covers the manufacture and purchase requirements of products used for the assembly and construction of circular vertical precast reinforced concrete manholes and structures used in sewer, drainage, and water works.  
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1.4 The values stated in either inch pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
Note 2: This specification is a manufacturing and purchase specification only and does not include requirements for backfill, or the relationship between field load conditions and the strength requirements of the manhole products and appurtenances. Experience has shown, however, that the successful performance of this product depends upon the proper selection of the product strength, type of foundation and backfill, and care in the field installation of the manhole products and connecting pipes. The owner of the project for which these products are specified herein is cautioned to require inspection at the construction site.  
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This specification covers flexible watertight joints for concrete pipe and precast manhole sections, using rubber gaskets for sealing the joints, where infiltration or exfiltration is a factor in the design. The numerical values in this specification are not presented in inch-pound units, but rather, in metric or SI units only. All rubber gaskets shall meet the dimensions, tolerances, and physical requirements of both standard gasket and oil resistant gasket requirements. Assembled joints should pass the following performance test without leakage at the joints: pipes in straight alignment, and pipes in maximum deflected position.
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1.1 This specification covers flexible leak-resistant joints for concrete pipe and precast manhole sections, using rubber gaskets for sealing the joints, where infiltration or exfiltration is a factor in the design. The specification covers the design of joints and the requirements for rubber gaskets to be used therewith, for pipe conforming in all other respects to Specification C14, Specification C76, or Specification C507 and precast manhole section conforming in all other respects to Specification C478/C478M, provided that if there is conflict in permissible variations in dimensions the requirements of this specification for joints shall govern.  
1.2 A complete metric companion to Specification C443 has been developed—C443M; therefore, no metric equivalents are presented in this specification.  
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This specification covers flexible watertight joints for concrete pipe and precast manhole sections, using rubber gaskets for sealing the joints, where infiltration or exfiltration is a factor in the design. The numerical values in this specification are not presented in inch-pound units, but rather, in metric or SI units only. All rubber gaskets shall meet the dimensions, tolerances, and physical requirements of both standard gasket and oil resistant gasket requirements. Assembled joints should pass the following performance test without leakage at the joints: pipes in straight alignment, and pipes in maximum deflected position.
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Section  
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2  
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Summary of Practice  
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Experimental Design  
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Inoculation  
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Culling  
11.3  
Addition of Test Material  
11.4  
Measurements  
11.5  
Reinoculations  
11.6  
Analytical Methodology  
12  
Data Processing  
13  
Calculations of Variables from Measurements  
14  
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5.1 The principal characteristic of geomembranes is their intrinsically low permeability to a broad range of gases, vapors, and liquids, both as single-component fluids and as complex mixtures of many constituents. As low-permeable materials, geomembranes are being used in a wide range of engineering applications in geotechnical, environmental, and transportation areas as barriers to control the migration of mobile fluids and their constituents. The range of potential permeants is broad and the service conditions can differ greatly. This guide shows users test methods available for determining the permeability of geomembranes to various permeants.  
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1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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