ASTM D1951-86(1995)e1

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
e1
Designation: D 1951 – 86 (Reapproved 1995)
Standard Test Method for
Ash in Drying Oils and Fatty Acids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1951; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
e NOTE—Unit of measurement statement and Keywords were added editorially in May 1995.
1. Scope some inaccuracies may result. Wet ashing or extraction meth-
ods may give more accurate results.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the residue
or ash resulting from ignition, under prescribed conditions, of
3. Apparatus
all natural and synthetic drying oils and their fatty acids. This
3.1 Crucible, porcelain or high-silica glass (Note 2), 50-mL
test method is not applicable to boiled oils.
capacity.
NOTE 1—Boiled oils do not give reproducible results. Lead driers are
NOTE 2—Platinum is not recommended. Boiled oils or oils contami-
partially reduced by the carbon to give metallic lead and oxides of variable
nated with driers containing lead may ruin platinum by alloy formation.
composition, and zinc oxide is relatively volatile at the muffle furnace
temperature. Ash determinations on boiled oils consequently are empirical
3.2 Electric Muffle Furnace.
and not highly reproducible.
3.3 Desiccator, containing an efficient desiccant. Anhydrous
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
calcium sulfate (CaSO ), phosphorus pentoxide (P O )
4 2 5
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
(Warning—see 4.1) or concentrated sulfuric acid (Warning—
only.
see 4.2) (H SO , sp gr 1.84) are satisfactory.
2 4
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
NOTE 3—Magnesium Perchlorate and Barium Perchlorate are also
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
efficient desiccators and were previously listed in this section. However
responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and
because of their explosive danger, and the availability of other safer
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-
materials, the recommendation for their use has been discontinued.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.4 Oil Sample Bottle, 120-mL (4-oz).
Specific hazard statements are given in Section 4.
3.5 Triangle, Nichrome or clay.
2. Significance and Use
4. Hazards
2.1 Most natural and processed oils contain small amounts
4.1 Phosphorus Pentoxide is a strong oxidizer and reacts
of ash, but the amount is insignificant. Certain, synthetic drying
violently with water, reducing agents and organic matter.
oils may contain residual catalyst or other materials, thus
Causes burns. Avoid contact with skin or eyes, or clothing, or
giving larger amounts of ash. Although the ash and metal
inhalation as dust. Refer to supplier’s Material Safety Data
content of boiled oils may be specified, the trend with new and
Sheet.
improved driers is toward the specification of drying time,
4.2 Sulfuric Acid is corrosive to skin, eyes and mucous
allowing the manufacturer to obtain this in any way desired.
membranes in form of liquid, mist or fumes. It causes severe
2.2 In this test method, ash is determined by igniting the
burns. Take care to prevent the contact o
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