ASTM D3300-20
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of Insulating Liquids Under Impulse Conditions
Standard Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of Insulating Liquids Under Impulse Conditions
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method is most commonly performed using a negative polarity needle or a sharp defined point to an opposing grounded sphere (NPS). The NPS breakdown voltage of fresh unused liquids measured in the highly divergent field in this configuration depends on the insulating liquid composition, decreasing with increasing concentration of aromatic, particularly polyaromatic, hydrocarbon molecules in liquids of petroleum origin and decreasing with ester molecular structure, either natural or synthetic.
3.2 This test method may be used to evaluate the continuity of composition of an insulating liquid from shipment to shipment. The NPS impulse breakdown voltage of an insulating liquid can also be substantially lowered by contact with materials of construction, by service aging, particulate matter, and by other impurities. Test results lower than those expected for a given fresh liquid may also indicate use or contamination.
3.3 Although polarity of the voltage wave has little or no effect on the breakdown strength of an insulating liquid in uniform fields, polarity does have a marked effect on the breakdown voltage in nonuniform electric fields.
3.4 Transient voltages may also vary over a wide range in both the time to reach crest value and the time to decay to half crest or to zero magnitude. The IEEE standard lightning impulse test (see 2.2) specifies a 1.2 by 50-μs negative polarity wave.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dielectric breakdown voltage of insulating liquids in a highly divergent field under impulse conditions and has been found applicable to liquids of petroleum origin, natural and synthetic esters.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3300 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of Insulating Liquids Under
1
Impulse Conditions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3300; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dielec-
3.1 This test method is most commonly performed using a
tric breakdown voltage of insulating liquids in a highly
negativepolarityneedleorasharpdefinedpointtoanopposing
divergent field under impulse conditions and has been found
grounded sphere (NPS). The NPS breakdown voltage of fresh
applicable to liquids of petroleum origin, natural and synthetic
unused liquids measured in the highly divergent field in this
esters.
configuration depends on the insulating liquid composition,
decreasing with increasing concentration of aromatic, particu-
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
larly polyaromatic, hydrocarbon molecules in liquids of petro-
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
leum origin and decreasing with ester molecular structure,
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
either natural or synthetic.
and are not considered standard.
3.2 This test method may be used to evaluate the continuity
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
of composition of an insulating liquid from shipment to
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
shipment. The NPS impulse breakdown voltage of an insulat-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ing liquid can also be substantially lowered by contact with
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
materials of construction, by service aging, particulate matter,
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
and by other impurities. Test results lower than those expected
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
for a given fresh liquid may also indicate use or contamination.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.3 Although polarity of the voltage wave has little or no
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
effect on the breakdown strength of an insulating liquid in
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
uniform fields, polarity does have a marked effect on the
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
breakdown voltage in nonuniform electric fields.
3.4 Transient voltages may also vary over a wide range in
2. Referenced Documents
both the time to reach crest value and the time to decay to half
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
crest or to zero magnitude. The IEEE standard lightning
D923 Practices for Sampling Electrical Insulating Liquids
impulse test (see 2.2) specifies a 1.2 by 50-µs negative polarity
D2864 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulating Liq-
wave.
uids and Gases
2.2 IEEE Documents:
4. Apparatus
IEEE Standard 4-1995 Techniques for High-Voltage Test-
3
4.1 Impulse Generator, capable of producing a standard 1.2
ing
by 50-µs full wave adjustable to positive or negative polarity.
The generator shall have a nominal voltage rating of at least
1 300 kV adjustable in 10-kV steps. Generators having a
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D27 on
Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases and is the direct responsibility of Subcom- capability of 1000 W·s (1000 J) at 300 kV have been found
mittee D27.05 on Electrical Test.
satisfactory.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2020. Published November 2020. Originally
approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D3300 – 12. DOI:
4.2 Voltage-Control Equipment—The controls shall include
10.1520/D3300-20.
a suitable measuring device for predetermining the crest
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
voltage to within 65 %.Avoltage stabilizer is desirable at the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
input to the d-c power supply used for charging the impulse-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
generator capacitors.
3
Available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 Hoes
Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331. 4.3 Electrodes:
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Co
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3300 − 12 D3300 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of Insulating Oils of
1
Petroleum Origin Liquids Under Impulse Conditions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3300; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dielectric breakdown voltage of insulating oilsliquids in a highly divergent
field under impulse conditions.conditions and has been found applicable to liquids of petroleum origin, natural and synthetic esters.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D923 Practices for Sampling Electrical Insulating Liquids
D2864 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases
2.2 IEEE Documents:
3
IEEE Standard 4-1995 Techniques for High-Voltage Testing
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This test method is most commonly performed using a negative polarity point opposing a needle or a sharp defined point to
an opposing grounded sphere (NPS). The NPS breakdown voltage of fresh unused oilsliquids measured in the highly divergent
field in this configuration depends on oil the insulating liquid composition, decreasing with increasing concentration of aromatic,
particularly polyaromatic, hydrocarbon molecules.molecules in liquids of petroleum origin and decreasing with ester molecular
structure, either natural or synthetic.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D27 on Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D27.05
on Electrical Test.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2012Nov. 1, 2020. Published January 2012November 2020. Originally approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 20062012
as D3300 – 00D3300 – 12.(2006). DOI: 10.1520/D3300-12.10.1520/D3300-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3300 − 20
3.2 This test method may be used to evaluate the continuity of composition of an oil insulating liquid from shipment to shipment.
The NPS impulse breakdown voltage of an oil insulating liquid can also be substantially lowered by contact with materials of
construction, by service aging, particulate matter, and by other impurities. Test results lower than those expected for a given fresh
oilliquid may also indicate use or contamination of that oil.contamination.
3.3 Although polarity of the voltage wave has little or no effect on the breakdown strength of an oil insulating liquid in uniform
fields, polarity does have a marked effect on the breakdown voltage of an oil in nonuniform electric fields.
3.4 Transient voltages may also vary over a wide range in both the time to reach crest value and the time to decay to half crest
or to zero magnitude. The IEEE standard lightning impulse test (see 2.2) specifies a 1.2 by 50-μs negative polarity wave.
4. Apparatus
4.1 Impulse Generator, capable of producing a standard 1.2 by 50-μs full wave adjustable to positive or negative polarity. The
generator shall have a nomin
...
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