ASTM F1164-97

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: F 1164 – 97
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Transparent Plastics Exposed to Accelerated
Weathering Combined with Biaxial Stress
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1164; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope determine any changes in value. Coating adhesion is measured
when applicable.
1.1 This test method evaluates the resistance of transparent
3.2 The resistance of the plastic to stress-during-weathering
plastics exposed to environmental conditioning (accelerated
is determined by the onset of crazing, the change in haze and
weathering) under a biaxial stress state induced by a pressure
luminous transmittance, and adhesion of coating.
cell/test fixture.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 The degradation of optical properties of transparent
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
plastics is the single greatest cause for in-service removal and
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
replacement. Some optical qualities are inherent in the geom-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
etry, manufacturing process, and materials, and remain rela-
1.3 The values stated in acceptable metric units are to be
tively unchanged after manufacture, while others are subject to
regarded as the standard.
gradual change during exposure to the service environment.
2. Referenced Documents Factors having an influence on the crazing of transparent
plastics include stress, ultraviolet (UV), moisture, and tempera-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ture. Sufficient data has been generated to make it evident that
D 1003 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance
2 real-world conditioning must be experienced by developmental
of Transparent Plastics
test specimens, as opposed to testing new unexposed material
D 3359 Test Methods for Measuring by Tape Test
to determine durability, prior to in-service usage. However, the
G 26 Practice for Operating Light-Exposure Apparatus
laboratory simulation of natural weathering, and especially
(Xenon-Arc Type) With and Without Water for Exposure
accelerated simulation, is imprecise and correlation of results
of Nonmetallic Materials
obtained for different plastics or from using different exposure
G 53 Practice for Operating Light- and Water-Exposure
apparatus should not be attempted until a valid database has
Apparatus (Fluorescent UV-Condensation Type) for Expo-
been generated for such cross-correlation.
sure of Nonmetallic Materials
G 90 Practice for Performing Accelerated Outdoor Weath-
5. Apparatus
ering of Nonmetallic Materials Using Concentrated Natu-
4 5.1 Manifold Test Fixture—An exploded view of the
ral Sunlight
pressure-cell/test-fixture used to induce a biaxial stress state in
3. Summary of Test Method a clamped specimen is illustrated in Fig. 1. The mounting plate
and clamping ring for a 76.2 mm (30-in.) wide three-cell test
3.1 This test method consists of measuring and recording
fixture are detailed in Fig. 2. A 254 mm (10 in.) wide
the haze and light transmittance of an unexposed circular plate
single-cell fixture or a 508 mm (20-in.) wide double-cell fixture
test specimen; mounting the specimen in the test fixture;
are also acceptable.
pressurizing the fixture to induce the desired biaxial stress in
5.2 Accelerated Weathering Apparatus:
the specimen; and exposing the stressed specimen to specific
5.2.1 Operating procedures for using water- or light-
accelerated weathering conditions. After conditioning, the
exposure apparatus, or both, employing a Xenon-arc light
specimen is removed and haze/transmittance are measured to
source to simulate the deterioration caused by accelerated
weathering exposure, shall comply with Practice G 26.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-7 on
5.2.2 Operating procedures for using fluorescent UV and
Aerospace and Aircraft and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F07.08 on
condensation apparatus to simulate the deterioration caused by
Transparent Enclosures and Materials.
Current edition approved April 10, 1997. Published August 1997. Originally accelerated weathering exposure shall comply with Practice
published as F 1164 – 88. Last previous edition F 1164 – 88.
G 53.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
5.2.3 Operating procedures for using Fresnel-reflecting con-
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. centrators employing the sun as source, with or without water
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
F 1164
6 2
13.8 3 10 ! t
~
SI Units: M 5 (1)
2000 t
Inch2Pound Units: M 5 (2)
where:
M 5 bending moment at plate center (lb-in./in. or N-m/m)
and
t 5 plate thickness, in. or m.
The desired pressure is as follows:
16 M
P 5 (3)
a ~11y!
where: a 5 distance from plate center to clamped
edge 5 0.0984 m (3.875 in.) or
1652 M
SI Units: P 5 (4)
11y
1.065 M
Inch2Pound Units: P 5 (5)
11y
FIG. 1 Stress Weathering Test Apparatus
8.3 In accordance with the procedures in 5.2, condition the
specimens under stress for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 equivalent years of
spray cycles, to simulate the deterioration caused by acceler-
accelerated weathering. Using a fluorescent ultraviolet conden-
ated weathering exposure, shall comply with Practice G 90.
sation test chamber with UV B-313 lamps, an operating
5.3 Hazemeter—The Hazemeter shall conform to the re-
temperature of 48.89°C (120°F), alternate cycles of7hUV
quirements of Test Method D 1003.
followed by5hof condensation, each equivalent year of
6. Test Specimens
natural weathering may be simulated by 168 h of run time.
6.1 Use at least three specimens for each material being Using the Fresnel-reflector accelerated outdoor exposure test
tested and for each specified exposure. The specimens shall be
machines, parameters to establish an equivalent year of real-
as follows: clean, transparent circular plates, 0.216 m (8.500 time weathering shall comply with the guidelines presented in
in.) in diameter, having both sides substantially plane and
Practice G 90.
parallel; specimen nominal thickness being 0.00508 m (0.200 8.4 After each equivalent year of conditioning under stress,
in.).
measure haze and transmittance at the plate
...