ASTM D5797-21
(Specification)Standard Specification for Methanol Fuel Blends (M51–M85) for Methanol-Capable Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
Standard Specification for Methanol Fuel Blends (M51–M85) for Methanol-Capable Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the methanol fuel blend, M70-M85, for use in ground vehicles that run on automotive spark-ignition engines. Fuels are grouped into three vapor pressure classes (Classes 1, 2, and 3) on the basis of seasonal and geographical volatility. The fuel blends shall undergo chemical analysis for methanol, higher alcohols, hydrocarbon/aliphatic ether, acidity as acetic acid, solvent washed and unwashed gum content, total chlorine as chloride, lead, phosphorus, water, sulfur, and inorganic chloride. The product's appearance shall be clear and bright, visibly free of suspended or precipitated contaminants.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for automotive fuel blends of methanol and gasoline for use in ground vehicles equipped with methanol-capable flexible-fuel, and dedicated methanol spark-ignition engines. Fuel produced to this specification contains 51 % to 85 % by volume methanol. This fuel is sometimes referred to at retail as “M85.” Appendix X1 discusses the significance of the properties specified. Appendix X2 presents the current status in the development of a luminosity test procedure (flame visibility) for methanol fuel blends (M51–M85).
1.2 The vapor pressure of methanol fuel blends is varied for seasonal climatic changes. Vapor pressure is increased at lower temperatures to ensure adequate vehicle operability and safety. Methanol content and selection of gasoline blendstocks are adjusted by the blender to meet these vapor pressure requirements.
1.3 The United States government has established various programs for alternative fuels. Many of the definitions of alternative fuel used by these programs can be more or less restrictive than the requirements of this specification. See Annex A1 for additional information on alternative fuels containing methanol.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4.1 Exception—Non-SI units are provided for information only. In most cases, U.S. federal regulations specify non-SI units.
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portions–Appendix X2 of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D5797 −21
Standard Specification for
Methanol Fuel Blends (M51–M85) for Methanol-Capable
1
Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5797; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for automo-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
tive fuel blends of methanol and gasoline for use in ground
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
vehicles equipped with methanol-capable flexible-fuel, and
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
dedicated methanol spark-ignition engines. Fuel produced to
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
this specification contains 51% to 85% by volume methanol.
Thisfuelissometimesreferredtoatretailas“M85.”Appendix
2. Referenced Documents
X1 discusses the significance of the properties specified.
2,3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Appendix X2 presents the current status in the development of
D86Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and
a luminosity test procedure (flame visibility) for methanol fuel
Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
blends (M51–M85).
D130Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-
1.2 Thevaporpressureofmethanolfuelblendsisvariedfor
leum Products by Copper Strip Test
seasonalclimaticchanges.Vaporpressureisincreasedatlower
D381Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evapo-
temperatures to ensure adequate vehicle operability and safety.
ration
Methanol content and selection of gasoline blendstocks are
D525Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (In-
adjusted by the blender to meet these vapor pressure require-
duction Period Method)
ments.
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
D1266TestMethodforSulfurinPetroleumProducts(Lamp
1.3 The United States government has established various
Method)
programs for alternative fuels. Many of the definitions of
D1613Test Method for Acidity in Volatile Solvents and
alternative fuel used by these programs can be more or less
Chemical Intermediates Used in Paint, Varnish, Lacquer,
restrictive than the requirements of this specification. See
and Related Products
Annex A1 for additional information on alternative fuels
D3231Test Method for Phosphorus in Gasoline
containing methanol.
D4057Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
Petroleum Products
standard.
D4175Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
1.4.1 Exception—Non-SI units are provided for information
Fuels, and Lubricants
only. In most cases, U.S. federal regulations specify non-SI
D4177Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
units.
Petroleum Products
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
D4306Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for
test method portions–Appendix X2 of this specification. This
Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
D4806Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blend-
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
ing with Gasolines for Use asAutomotive Spark-Ignition
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
Engine Fuel
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
D4814Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine
regulatory limitations prior to use.
Fuel
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Reference to the following documents is to be the latest issue unless otherwise
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is under the direct responsi- specified.
3
bility of Subcommittee D02.A0.02 on Oxygenated Fuels and Components. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2021. Published October 2021. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D5797–18. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D5797-21. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5797 − 18 D5797 − 21
Standard Specification for
Methanol Fuel Blends (M51–M85) for Methanol-Capable
1
Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5797; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for automotive fuel blends of methanol and gasoline for use in ground vehicles
equipped with methanol-capable flexible-fuel, and dedicated methanol spark-ignition engines. Fuel produced to this specification
contains 51 % to 85 % by volume methanol. This fuel is sometimes referred to at retail as “M85.” Appendix X1 discusses the
significance of the properties specified. Appendix X2 presents the current status in the development of a luminosity test procedure
(flame visibility) for methanol fuel blends (M51–M85).
1.2 The vapor pressure of methanol fuel blends is varied for seasonal climatic changes. Vapor pressure is increased at lower
temperatures to ensure adequate vehicle operability and safety. Methanol content and selection of gasoline blendstocks are adjusted
by the blender to meet these vapor pressure requirements.
1.3 The United States government has established various programs for alternative fuels. Many of the definitions of alternative
fuel used by these programs can be more or less restrictive than the requirements of this specification. See Annex A1 for additional
information on alternative fuels containing methanol.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4.1 Exception—Non-SI units are provided for information only. In most cases, U.S. federal regulations specify non-SI units.
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portions–Appendix X2 of this specification. This
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2,3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is under the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.A0.02 on Oxygenated Fuels and Components.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2018Oct. 1, 2021. Published December 2018October 2021. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20172018
as D5797 – 17.D5797 – 18. DOI: 10.1520/D5797-18.10.1520/D5797-21.
2
Reference to the following documents is to be the latest issue unless otherwise specified.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D5797 − 21
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evaporation
D525 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (Induction Period Method)
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1266 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Lamp Method)
D1613 Test Method for Acidity in Volatile Solvents and Chemical Intermediates Used in Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and Related
Products
D3231 Test Method for Phosphorus in Gasoline
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D430
...
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