ASTM D4192-15
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Potassium in Water by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
Standard Test Method for Potassium in Water by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Potassium occurs in rocks in a form that is not easily solubilized; therefore, the potassium content of natural waters is usually low. Most natural waters contain less than 20 mg/L of potassium, but waters containing several hundred milligrams per litre are occasionally found. Potassium is essential to animal nutrition, but a concentration of 1000 to 2000 mg/L in stock water is regarded as the extreme limit permissible.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of low amounts of potassium in waters2 having low solids content. The applicable range of this test method is 0.20 to 4.0 mg/L when using the 766.5-nm resonance line. The range may be extended upward by dilution of an appropriate aliquot of sample or by using the less-sensitive 404.4-nm resonance line. Many workers have found that this test method is reliable for potassium levels to 0.02 mg/L, but use of this test method at this low level is dependent on the configuration of the aspirator and nebulizer systems available in the atomic absorption spectrophotometer as well as the skill of the analyst. The precision and bias data presented are insufficient to justify use of this test method in the 0.02-mg/L range.
1.2 This test method has been used successfully with spiked reagent water. It is the analyst's responsibility to ensure the validity of this test method to other low dissolved solids matrices.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific precautionary statement, see 8.6.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4192 − 15
Standard Test Method for
Potassium in Water by Atomic Absorption
1
Spectrophotometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4192; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
3
1.1 This test method covers the determination of low 2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
amounts of potassium in waters having low solids content. D1066 Practice for Sampling Steam
The applicable range of this test method is 0.20 to 4.0 mg/L D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
when using the 766.5-nm resonance line. The range may be D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
extended upward by dilution of an appropriate aliquot of D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
sample or by using the less-sensitive 404.4-nm resonance line. Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
Many workers have found that this test method is reliable for D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
potassium levels to 0.02 mg/L, but use of this test method at D4841 Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for Water
this low level is dependent on the configuration of the aspirator Samples Containing Organic and Inorganic Constituents
and nebulizer systems available in the atomic absorption D5810 Guide for Spiking into Aqueous Samples
spectrophotometer as well as the skill of the analyst. The D5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications
precision and bias data presented are insufficient to justify use for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
of this test method in the 0.02-mg/L range.
3. Terminology
1.2 This test method has been used successfully with spiked
3.1 Definitions:
reagent water. It is the analyst’s responsibility to ensure the
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
validity of this test method to other low dissolved solids
to Terminology D1129.
matrices.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4. Summary of Test Method
standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
4.1 Potassium is determined by flame atomic absorption
conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-
spectrophotometry. The potassium content is determined by
tion only and are not considered standard.
aspirating the low solids sample directly with no sample
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
pretreatment.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5. Significance and Use
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1 Potassium occurs in rocks in a form that is not easily
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific
solubilized; therefore, the potassium content of natural waters
precautionary statement, see 8.6.
is usually low. Most natural waters contain less than 20 mg/L
of potassium, but waters containing several hundred milli-
gramsperlitreareoccasionallyfound.Potassiumisessentialto
1 animal nutrition, but a concentration of 1000 to 2000 mg/L in
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic Constituents stock water is regarded as the extreme limit permissible.
in Water.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2015. Published March 2015. Originally
3
approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D4192 – 08. DOI: For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
10.1520/D4192-15. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
Platte, J.A., and Marcy,V. M., “ANewTool for theWater Chemist,” Industrial Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Water Engineering, May 1965. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4192 − 15
6. Interferences (Warning—“Purified” grade acetylene containing a special
proprietary solvent rather than acetone should not be used with
6.1 In the analysis of low-solids water, interferences are
poly(vinyl chloride) tubing as weakening of the tubing walls
usually negligible.
can cause a potentially hazardous situation.)
7. Apparatus
9. Sampling
7.1 Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer for use at 7
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4192 − 08 D4192 − 15
Standard Test Method for
Potassium in Water by Atomic Absorption
1
Spectrophotometry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4192; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
2
1.1 This test method covers the determination of low amounts of potassium in waters having low solids content. The applicable
range of this test method is 0.20 to 4.0 mg/L when using the 766.5-nm resonance line. The range may be extended upward by
dilution of an appropriate aliquot of sample or by using the less-sensitive 404.4-nm resonance line. Many workers have found that
this test method is reliable for potassium levels to 0.02 mg/L, but use of this test method at this low level is dependent on the
configuration of the aspirator and nebulizer systems available in the atomic absorption spectrophotometer as well as the skill of
the analyst. The precision and bias data presented are insufficient to justify use of this test method in the 0.02-mg/L range.
1.2 This test method has been used successfully with spiked reagent water. It is the analyst’s responsibility to ensure the validity
of this test method to other low dissolved solids matrices.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this The values
given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not
considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For a specific precautionary statement, see Note 38.6.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1066 Practice for Sampling Steam
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
D4841 Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for Water Samples Containing Organic and Inorganic Constituents
D5810 Guide for Spiking into Aqueous Samples
D5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions: For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D1129.
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D1129.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Potassium is determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The potassium content is determined by aspirating
the low solids sample directly with no sample pretreatment.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.05 on Inorganic Constituents in Water.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008Feb. 1, 2015. Published October 2008March 2015. Originally approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 20032008 as
D4192 – 03.D4192 – 08. DOI: 10.1520/D4192-08.10.1520/D4192-15.
2
Platte, J. A., and Marcy, V. M., “A New Tool for the Water Chemist,” Industrial Water Engineering, May 1965 .
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4192 − 15
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Potassium occurs in rocks in a form that is not easily solubilized; therefore, the potassium content of natural waters is
usually low. Most natural waters contain less than 20 mg/L of potassium, but waters containing several hundred milligrams per
litre are occasionally found. Potassium is essential to animal nutrition, but a concentration of 1000 to 2000 mg/L in stock water
is regarded as the extreme limit permissible.
6. Interferences
6.1 In the analysis of low-sol
...
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