ASTM D20-20

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D20 − 20
Standard Test Method for
1
Distillation of Road Tars
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D20; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
4.1 The distillation test separates tar into fractions according
1.1 This test method covers the distillation of road tars.
to a series of specified temperatures.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
5. Apparatus
standard.
5.1 Flask—A side-arm distillation flask, as shown in Fig. 1,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
conforming to the following dimensions:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Diameter of bulb, outside, mm 86.0 ± 1.5
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- Diameter of neck, inside, mm 22.0 ± 1.0
Diameter of side-arm, inside, mm 10.0 ± 0.5
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Height of flask, outside, mm 131.0 ± 1.5
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Vertical distance, bottom of bulb, outside, to 93.0 ± 1.5
horizontal tangent at side-arm, inside, mm
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
Length of side-arm, mm 220 ± 5
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Angle of side-arm, deg 75 ± 2
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Thickness of side-arm wall, mm 1.0 to 1.5
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
5.2 Condenser Tube—A tapered glass condenser, as shown
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
in Figs. 2 and 3, having the following dimensions:
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Outside diameter of small end, mm 12.5 ± 1.5
Outside diameter of large end, mm 28.5 ± 3.0
2. Referenced Documents Length, mm 360 ± 4
Length of uniformly tapered part, mm 100 ± 5
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.3 Source of Heat—A heat source consisting of a bunsen or
D8055 Guide for Selecting an Appropriate Electronic Ther-
meker-type burner (Note 1) or an electric heater. The electric
mometer for Replacing Mercury Thermometers in D04 3
heater shall have an output variable of 750 W and an upper
Road and Paving Standards
refractory with dimensions as shown in Fig. 4. The temperature
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
of the heater shall be controlled by a variable transformer or
rheostat suitable for the voltage used, and shall be fitted with a
3. Summary of Test Method
clamp for mounting on a vertical support rod.
3.1 A 100-g sample is distilled at a controlled rate from a
NOTE 1—An artificial gas model used with natural gas has been found
300-mL flask into tared receivers. The masses of distillate
to give a uniform and easily controlled source of heat.
fractions at a series of specified temperatures and of residue at
5.4 Flask Shield and Cover for Flame Distillation—A steel
the maximum specified temperature are determined. If desired,
shield (preferably stainless) lined with 3-mm Transite board,
the residue and distillates may be used for further testing.
non-asbestos, with two-part cover made from 6-mm Transite
board of the form and dimensions shown in Fig. 5.
5.5 Flask Shield and Cover for Electric Heater
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
Distillation—A steel shield (preferably stainless) fitted with
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.43 on
Specifications and Test for Tar and Tar Products.
Current edition approved June 1, 2020. Published June 2020. Originally
3
approved in 1911. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D20 – 03 (2014). DOI: The Precision Ful-Kontrol 750-W heater with built-in variable transformer
10.1520/D0020-20. control, available from Precision Scientific Co., Chicago, IL, has been found
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or satisfactory. This heater is only available for 115 V. 50/60 Hz. If you are aware of
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
1
the ASTM website. responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshoho
...