83.020 - Manufacturing processes in the rubber and plastics industries
ICS 83.020 Details
Manufacturing processes in the rubber and plastics industries
Herstellungsverfahren in der Gummi- und Kunststoffindustrie
Procédés de fabrication dans les industries des élastomeres et des plastiques
Proizvodni postopki v gumarski industriji in industriji polimernih materialov
General Information
Frequently Asked Questions
ICS 83.020 is a classification code in the International Classification for Standards (ICS) system. It covers "Manufacturing processes in the rubber and plastics industries". The ICS is a hierarchical classification system used to organize international, regional, and national standards, facilitating the search and identification of standards across different fields.
There are 38 standards classified under ICS 83.020 (Manufacturing processes in the rubber and plastics industries). These standards are published by international and regional standardization bodies including ISO, IEC, CEN, CENELEC, and ETSI.
The International Classification for Standards (ICS) is a hierarchical classification system maintained by ISO to organize standards and related documents. It uses a three-level structure with field (2 digits), group (3 digits), and sub-group (2 digits) codes. The ICS helps users find standards by subject area and enables statistical analysis of standards development activities.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Problems with extrusion and subsequent processing of the material are caused, in part, by the presence of paper, metal, gels, incompatible polymers, or other extraneous contamination found in polymers.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a means to separate the unmolten particles, gels, and impurities contaminating a polymer sample. The procedure may be used to remove gels and incompatible materials that may cause imperfections in the final extruded product. Under pressure, most gels will break up or deform and pass through a wire mesh filter, however high molecular weight gels may not break up or deform.
1.2 Materials isolated on a wire mesh filter can be identified by spectroscopic or other analytical means.
Note 1: Although not presented as a quantitative method, the procedure presented in this practice may be used to provide quantitative results at the discretion of the user. The user assumes the responsibility to verify the reproducibility of quantitative results. Detection limit depends on the mesh size of the filter screen, but the procedure is generally applicable to the separation of immiscible contaminants present at concentrations greater than 0.1 %.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards statements, see Section 8
Note 2: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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- Standard4 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SCOPE
1.1 This classification system covers unfilled, reinforced filled, and impact modified materials suitable for injection molding, extrusion and blow molding using ISO methods. The system allows for the use of poly (phenylene sulfide) (PPS) plastic materials that are recycled, reconstituted recycled-regrind, recovered or reprocessed, or both, provided that the requirements as stated in this specification are met. It is the responsibility of the supplier and the buyer of recycled, reconstituted, recycled-regrind, recovered or reprocessed, or both, poly (phenylene sulfide) plastic materials to ensure compliance (see Guide D7209).
1.2 The properties included in this classification are those required to identify the compositions covered. It is possible that other requirements are necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specialized applications. The use of suffixes as shown in Section 5 is one way of specifying these requirements.
1.3 This classification system and subsequent line callout (specification) are intended to provide a means of calling out plastic materials used in the fabrication of end items or parts. It is not intended for the selection of materials. Material selection needs to be made by those having expertise in the plastic field after careful consideration of the design and the performance required of the part, the environment to which it will be exposed, the fabrication process to be employed, the costs involved, and the inherent properties of the material other than those covered by this classification.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 11, of this classification system: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: This standard and ISO 28078 address the same subject matter, but differ in technical content.
Note 2: ASTM D4067 for PPS uses ASTM test methods.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Chemical-resistant polymer machinery grouts are used to provide precision support for machinery or equipment.
Note 2: The machinery or equipment or support bases or plates, or combination thereof, are positioned to the precise elevation and location required. The bases or plates are typically placed on prepared foundations and supported on temporary shims or support bolts (jack screws). Forms are installed to contain the flowable grout. The grout is poured around the perimeter in such a manner as to allow the grout to flow around and under the equipment base or plates. The grout subsequently hardens to provide a strong rigid support layer capable of withstanding the stresses transferred by the equipment to the foundation. Although the actual machinery base plate is typically metal and the cover plate in this test uses acrylic glass, different grouts using acrylic glass cover plates has proven useful for comparative purposes as described in this test in laboratory conditions.
5.2 In addition to the required physical properties of the grout, the flow and bearing area achieved are important considerations for effective grout installation. The two characteristics measured by this test method are flow and bearing area.
5.3 The flow test simulates typical application conditions for a flowable polymer machinery grout in a laboratory environment. It may be used to evaluate the suitability of a particular grout for a specific application, to compare the flowability and bearing area of two or more grouts, or to evaluate the effects of formulation changes, temperature, mixing techniques, or other factors on flowability.
5.4 The estimated amount of upper grout surface contact in percent can be used to compare two or more grouts or show the effects of temperature, formulation changes, or other factors on bearing area. A limited set of results using visual guides (see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) is used to classify the bearing as “high”—greater than 85 %,” “medium—70 to 85 ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measure of flowability of chemical-resistant polymer machinery grouts as evaluated in a 50-mm [2-in.] or 25-mm [1-in.] pour thickness in a laboratory setting. The test method provides for the assessment of upper surface plate contact area (bearing area). These grouts will typically be at least two component formulations that may be used for installations where grout thickness will range from 25 to 150 mm [1 to 6 in.] underneath the base or plates being grouted.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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- Standard6 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Elemental analysis serves as a quality control measure for post-reactor studies, for additive levels in formulated resins, and for finished products. X-ray fluorescence spectrometry is an accurate and relatively fast method to determine mass fractions of multiple elements in polyethylene and polypropylene materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a general procedure for the determination of elemental content in polyolefins by wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometry, in mass fraction ranges typical of those contributed by additives, catalysts, and reactor processes. The elements covered by this test method include fluorine, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, calcium, titanium, chromium, and zinc in the composition ranges given in Table 1.
1.1.1 This test method does not apply to polymers specifically formulated to contain flame retardants including brominated compounds and antimony trioxide.
1.1.2 This test method does not apply to polymers formulated to contain high levels of compounds of vanadium, molybdenum, cadmium, tin, barium, lead, and mercury because the performance can be strongly influenced by spectral interferences or interelement effects due to these elements.
Note 1: Specific methods and capabilities of users may vary with differences in interelement effects and sensitivities, instrumentation and applications software, and practices between laboratories. Development and use of test procedures to measure particular elements, mass fraction ranges or matrices is the responsibility of individual users.
Note 2: One general method is outlined herein; alternative analytical practices can be followed, and are attached in notes, where appropriate.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 10.
Note 3: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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- Standard12 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
ABSTRACT
This specification covers extruded and cast sheet, plate, rod and tubular bar manufactured from nylon or monomers. Requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specialized applications may be described by using the given classification system. The use of recycled plastics is allowed in the specification. The materials shall be subject to tests to determine tensile strength at break, tensile modulus, dimensional stability, lengthwise camber and widthwise bow, squareness, flexural modulus, and Izod impact.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for the material, dimensions, and workmanship, and the properties of extruded and cast sheet, plate, rod and tubular bar, excluding pipe and fittings, manufactured from nylon or monomers.
1.2 The properties included in this specification are those required for the compositions covered. Requirements necessary to identify particular characteristics important to specialized applications are described by using the classification system given in Section 4.
1.3 This specification allows for the use of recycled plastics (as defined in Guide D7209).
1.4 The values stated in English units are regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portions of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
Note 2: This specification is intended to replace Federal Standard LP-410A and PS 50.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
- Technical specification7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
- Technical specification7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
ISO/TS 21522:2017 gives guidance on the quantitative test methods to measure chemical components in fumes emitted during the manufacturing process of rubbers (including storage) and considered hazardous. NOTE Quantification of the level of exposure allows selection of the correct type of protection for the operators and, after implementation of the protection, verification that the risk was eliminated by implementation of the selected protection.
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- Technical specification6 pagesFrench languagesale 15% off
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The ability of polymer films to retain inks, coatings, adhesives, etc. is primarily dependent on the character of their surfaces and can be improved by one of several surface-treating techniques. The electrical discharge treatment, such as corona treatment, has been found to increase the wetting tension of a polymer film. The stronger the treatment, the more actively the surface reacts with different polar interfaces. It is therefore possible to relate the contact angle of a polymer film surface to its ability to accept and retain inks, coatings, adhesives, etc., if the ink, coating, or adhesive contains the polar functionalities. Contact angle in itself is not a completely acceptable measure of ink, coating, or adhesive adhesion.
5.2 The wetting tension of a polymer film belongs to a group of physical parameters for which no standard of accuracy exists. The wetting tension of a polymer cannot be measured directly because solids do not change shape measurably in reaction to surface energy. Many indirect methods have been proposed.5 Different test methods tend to produce different results on identical samples. Practical determination of a solid's surface energy uses this interaction of the solid with test liquids.
5.3 Although the level of surface treatment of polymer films has been traditionally defined in the industry in terms of dynes/cm (mN/m), these values are derived from a subjective interpretation of the observed test liquid behavior.
5.4 The following ranges of water contact angle values can be used as a guide for defining the level of surface treatment of polyolefins and many other polymer films with initial low surface energies:
Marginal or no treatment
>90°
Low treatment
85 to 90°
Medium treatment
78 to 84°
High treatment
71 to 77°
Very high treatment
5.4.1 The suitability of the test for specification acceptance, manufacturing control, and end use of polymer films will have to be established through c...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers measurement of the contact angle of water droplets on corona-treated polymer film surfaces.
Note 1: This standard is identical to ISO 15989.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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- Standard7 pagesEnglish languagesale 15% off
ISO/TR 21275:2017, based on 95 publications, gives an overview of what is the composition of the fumes emitted during the rubber manufacturing processes. The results obtained confirm that rubber fumes are a complex and variable mix of chemicals which have a wide range of possible sources and origins, including chemicals generated from the chemical reactions occurring in the rubber compounds during processing and curing. Some of these chemical substances can be hazardous, others are not. This document demonstrates the need for International Standards to qualify and quantify the hazardous chemicals to which the operators in the factories producing rubber articles can be exposed to, allowing the identification and mitigation of potential health risks.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This guide is designed to set up a series of screening tests that will indicate the performance level to be expected of a coating or coating system on a given plastic substrate.
Plastic substrates vary widely in their acceptance characteristics for a given coating.
Note 1—Not all tests apply to all plastics.
Surface cleaning or preparation prior to application of the coating can be critical to the proper performance of the coating.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended for the evaluation of clear and pigmented coatings designed for use on rigid or semirigid plastic substrates. Coated film and sheeting are not covered by this guide.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This guide is intended for the evaluation of clear and pigmented coatings designed for use on rigid or semirigid plastic substrates. Coated film and sheeting are not covered by this guide.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications, this guide was withdrawn in January 2016 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.
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