SIST EN 61514-2:2013

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-2013
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 61514-2:2004
Sistemi za upravljanje industrijskih procesov - 2. del: Postopki za ocenjevanje
lastnosti inteligentnih pozicionirnikov z ventili s pnevmatskimi izhodi (IEC 61514-
2:2013)
Industrial process control systems - Part 2: Methods of evaluating the performance of
intelligent valve positioners with pneumatic outputs (IEC 61514-2:2013)
Systeme der industriellen Prozessleittechnik - Teil 2: Verfahren zur Bewertung des
Betriebsverhaltens von intelligenten Ventilstellungsreglern mit pneumatischem Ausgang
(IEC 61514-2:2013)
Systèmes de commande des processus industriels - Partie 2: Méthodes d'évaluation des
performances des positionneurs de vanne intelligents à sorties pneumatiques (CEI
61514-2:2013)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 61514-2:2013
ICS:
23.060.40 7ODþQLUHJXODWRUML Pressure regulators
25.040.40 Merjenje in krmiljenje Industrial process
industrijskih postopkov measurement and control
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 61514-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 2013
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 23.060; 25.040.40 Supersedes EN 61514-2:2004

English version
Industrial process control systems -
Part 2: Methods of evaluating the performance of intelligent valve
positioners with pneumatic outputs mounted on an actuator valve
assembly
(IEC 61514-2:2013)
Systèmes de commande des processus Systeme der industriellen
industriels - Prozessleittechnik – Teil 2: Verfahren zur
Partie 2: Méthodes d'évaluation des Bewertung des Betriebsverhaltens von
performances des positionneurs de vanne intelligenten Ventilstellungsreglern mit
intelligents à sorties pneumatiques pneumatischem Ausgang, die an Ventil-
montés sur un ensemble Stellantrieben montiert sind
actionneur/vanne (IEC 61514-2:2013)
(CEI 61514-2:2013)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2013-08-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.

CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels

© 2013 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 61514-2:2013 E
Foreword
The text of document 65B/868/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 61514-2, prepared by SC 65B, “Devices &
process analysis”, of IEC TC 65, “Industrial-process measurement, control and automation” was
submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN 61514-2:2013.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has
(dop) 2014-05-01
to be implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national
(dow) 2016-08-01
standards conflicting with the

document have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN 61514-2:2004.

– The standard has been optimized for usability.
– The test procedures have been reviewed regarding applicability for use in test facilities.
Impractical test procedures were removed or modified.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 61514-2:2013 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.

- 3 - EN 61514-2:2013
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to i nternational publications
with their corresponding European publications

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

NOTE  When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year

IEC 60050 Series International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - -
(IEV)
1)
IEC 60068-2-1 1990 Environmental testing - EN 60068-2-1 1993
Part 2: Tests - Tests A: Cold
2) 3)
IEC 60068-2-2 1974 Environmental testing - EN 60068-2-2 1993
Part 2: Tests - Tests B: Dry heat

4)
IEC 60068-2-6 1995 Environmental testing - EN 60068-2-6 1995
Part 2: Tests - Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal)

5) 6)
IEC 60068-2-31 1969 Environmental testing. EN 60068-2-31 1993
Part 2: Tests. Test Ec: Drop and topple,
primarily for equipment-type specimens

7)
IEC 60068-2-78 2001 Environmental testing - EN 60068-2-78 2001
Part 2-78: Tests - Test Cab: Damp heat,
steady state
EN 60079 Series Electrical apparatus for explosive gas - -
atmospheres
IEC 60529 1989 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures EN 60529 1991
(IP Code) + corr. May 1993
IEC 60534-1 - Industrial-process control valves - EN 60534-1 -
Part 1: Control valve terminology and general
considerations
IEC 60654 Series Industrial-process measurement and control EN 60654 Series
equipment - Operating conditions

IEC 60721-3 - Classification of environmental conditions - EN 60721-3 -
Part 3: Classification of groups of
environmental parameters and their severities

IEC 61000-4-11 - Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - EN 61000-4-11 -
Part 4-11: Testing and measurement
techniques - Voltage dips, short interruptions
and voltage variations immunity tests

1)
EN 60068-2-1 is superseded by EN 60068-2-1:2007, which is based on IEC 60068-2-1:2007.
2)
EN 60068-2-2 includes supplement(s) A to IEC 60068-2-2.
3)
EN 60068-2-2 is superseded by EN 60068-2-2:2007, which is based on IEC 60068-2-2:2007.
4)
EN 60068-2-6 is superseded by EN 60068-2-6:2008, which is based on IEC 60068-2-6:2007.
5)
EN 60068-2-31 includes A1 to IEC 60068-2-31.
6)
EN 60068-2-31 is superseded by EN 60068-2-31:2008, which is based on IEC 60068-2-31:2008.
7)
EN 60068-2-78 is superseded by EN 60068-2-78:2013, which is based on IEC 60068-2-78:2012.

Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 61010-1 2001 Safety requirements for electrical equipment EN 61010-1 2001
9)
+ corr. May 2001 for measurement, control, and laboratory use - + corr. June 2002
+ corr. April 2003 Part 1: General requirements

IEC 61032 1997 Protection of persons and equipment by EN 61032 1998
+ corr. January 2003 enclosures - Probes for verification

EN 61069 Series Industrial-process measurement and control - - -
Evaluation of system properties for the
purpose of system assessment
IEC 61158 Series Industrial communication networks - Fieldbus EN 61158 Series
specifications
IEC 61298 Series Process measurement and control devices - EN 61298 Series
General methods and procedures for
evaluating performance
IEC 61298-1 2008 Process measurement and control devices - EN 61298-1 2008
General methods and procedures for
evaluating performance -
Part 1: General considerations

IEC 61298-2 2008 Process measurement and control devices - EN 61298-2 2008
General methods and procedures for
evaluating performance -
Part 2: Tests under reference conditions

IEC 61298-3 2008 Process measurement and control devices - EN 61298-3 2008
General methods and procedures for
evaluating performance -
Part 3: Tests for the effects of influence
quantitites
IEC 61298-4 2008 Process measurement and control devices - EN 61298-4 2008
General methods and procedures for
evaluating performance -
Part 4: Evaluation report content

11)
IEC 61326-1 2005 Electrical equipment for measurement, control EN 61326-1 2006
+ corr. February 2010 and laboratory use - EMC requirements -
+ corr. February 2008 Part 1: General requirements

IEC/PAS 61499 Series Function blocks for industrial-process - -
measurement and control systems

IEC 61514 (mod) 2000 Industrial-process control systems - Methods EN 61514 2002
of evaluating the performance of valve
positioners with pneumatic outputs

IEC/TS 62098 - Evaluation methods for microprocessor-based - -
instruments
CISPR 11 - Industrial, scientific and medical equipment - EN 55011 -
Radio-frequency disturbance characteristics -
Limits and methods of measurement

9)
EN 61010-1 is superseded by EN 61010-1:2010, which is based on IEC 61010-1:2010.
11)
EN 61326-1 is superseded by EN 61326-1:2013, which is based on IEC 61326-1:2012.

IEC 61514-2 ®
Edition 2.0 2013-06
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Industrial process control systems –

Part 2: Methods of evaluating the performance of intelligent valve positioners

with pneumatic outputs mounted on an actuator valve assembly

Systèmes de commande des processus industriels –

Partie 2: Méthodes d’évaluation des performances des positionneurs de vanne

intelligents à sorties pneumatiques montés sur un ensemble actionneur/vanne

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX W
ICS 23.060; 25.040.40 ISBN 978-2-83220-834-2

– 2 – 61514-2 © IEC:2013
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 9
4 Design review . 10
4.1 General . 10
4.2 Positioner identification . 11
4.2.1 Overview . 11
4.2.2 Power supply unit . 11
4.2.3 Sensor/input assembly . 11
4.2.4 Auxiliary sensor assembly . 11
4.2.5 Human interface . 12
4.2.6 Communication interface . 12
4.2.7 Data processing unit . 12
4.2.8 Output subsystem . 12
4.2.9 External functionality . 13
4.3 Aspects of functionality and capabilities to be reviewed . 13
4.3.1 Checklist. 13
4.3.2 Reporting . 19
4.4 Documentary information . 19
5 Performance testing . 21
5.1 General . 21
5.2 Reference conditions for performance tests . 21
5.2.1 Overview . 21
5.2.2 Valve characteristics . 21
5.3 General testing procedures . 23
5.3.1 Test set-up . 23
5.3.2 Testing precautions . 24
5.4 Initial observations and measurements . 24
5.4.1 Overview . 24
5.4.2 Mounting procedure . 24
5.4.3 Configuration procedures . 24
5.4.4 Stem position calibration procedure. 25
5.4.5 Stem position tuning procedure . 25
5.5 Performance test procedures . 26
5.5.1 General . 26
5.5.2 Effects of influence quantities . 29
6 Other considerations . 35
6.1 Safety . 35
6.2 Degree of protection provided by enclosures . 35
6.3 Electromagnetic emission . 35
6.4 Variants . 35
7 Evaluation report . 35
Annex A (normative) Vibration test set-up . 37
Bibliography . 38

61514-2 © IEC:2013 – 3 –
Figure 1 – Positioner model in extensive configuration . 11
Figure 2 – Basic design for positioners with analogue outputs . 13
Figure 3 – Basic design for positioners with pulsed output . 13
Figure 4 – Basic test set-up . 24
Figure 5 – Examples of step responses of positioners . 28
Figure A.1 – Test set-up for vibration test . 37

Table 1 – Functionality (1 of 2) . 14
Table 2 – Configurability . 16
Table 3 – Hardware configuration . 17
Table 4 – Operability . 17
Table 5 – Dependability (1 of 2) . 18
Table 6 – Fail safe behaviour . 19
Table 7 – Reporting . 19
Table 8 – Document information . 20
Table 9 – Test under reference conditions (1 of 3) . 26
Table 10 – Matrix of instrument properties and tests (1 of 6) . 30

– 4 – 61514-2 © IEC:2013
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
INDUSTRIAL PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEMS –

Part 2: Methods of evaluating the performance of intelligent
valve positioners with pneumatic outputs mounted
on an actuator valve assembly
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61514-2 has been prepared by subcommittee 65B: Measurement
and control devices, of IEC technical committee 65: Industrial-process measurement, control
and automation.
This part of IEC 61514 is to be used in conjunction with IEC 61514:2000.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2004. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
The significant changes with respect to the previous edition are as follows:
– The standard has been optimized for usability.
– The test procedures have been reviewed regarding applicability for use in test facilities.
Impractical test procedures were removed or modified.

61514-2 © IEC:2013 – 5 –
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
65B/868/FDIS 65B/872/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all parts of the IEC 61514 series, published under the general title Industrial process
control systems, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to
the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
– 6 – 61514-2 © IEC:2013
INTRODUCTION
New instruments for process control and measurement including valve positioners are mainly
equipped with microprocessors, thereby utilising digital data processing and communication
methods and/or artificial intelligence, making them more complex and giving them a consider-
able added value.
Modern intelligent valve positioners are no longer only controlling the valve position, but they
are in many cases also equipped with various facilities for self-testing, actuator/valve condition
monitoring and alarming. The variety of added functionalities is large. They can no longer be
compared with the single function "cam-type" positioners. Therefore, accuracy related
performance testing, although still very important, is no longer sufficient to demonstrate their
flexibility, capabilities and other features with respect to engineering, installation, maintain-
ability, reliability and operability.
In this standard the evaluation considers performance testing and a design review of both
hardware and software. The layout of this document follows to some extent the framework of
IEC/TS 62098. A number of performance tests described in IEC 61514 are still valid for
intelligent valve positioners. Further reading of IEC 61069 is recommended.

61514-2 © IEC:2013 – 7 –
INDUSTRIAL PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEMS –

Part 2: Methods of evaluating the performance of intelligent
valve positioners with pneumatic outputs mounted
on an actuator valve assembly
1 Scope
This part of IEC 61514 specifies design reviews and tests intended to measure and determine
the static and dynamic performance, the degree of intelligence and the communication
capabilities of single-acting or double-acting intelligent valve positioners. The tests may be
applied to positioners which receive standard analogue electrical input signals (as specified in
IEC 60381) and/or digital signals via a data communication link and have a pneumatic output.
An intelligent valve positioner as defined in Clause 3 is an instrument that uses for performing
its functions digital techniques for data processing, decision-making and bi-directional
communication. It may be equipped with additional sensors and additional functionality
supporting the main function.
The performance testing of an intelligent valve positioner needs to be conducted with the
positioner mounted on and connected to the actuator/valve assembly the positioner is to be
used on. The specific characteristic parameters of these combinations such as size, stroke,
friction (hysteresis), type of packing, spring package and supply pressure for the pneumatic
part, should be carefully chosen and reported, since the performance of a positioner is greatly
dependent on the used actuator.
The methods of evaluation given in this standard are intended for testing laboratories to verify
equipment performance specifications. The manufacturers of intelligent positioners are urged
to apply this standard at an early stage of development.
This standard is intended to provide guidance for designing evaluations of intelligent valve
positioners by providing:
– a checklist for reviewing their hardware and software design in a structured way;
– test methods for measuring and qualifying their performance under various environmental
and operational conditions;
– methods for reporting the data obtained.
When a full evaluation, in accordance with this standard, is not required or possible, the tests
which are required should be performed and the results should be reported in accordance with
the relevant parts of this standard. In such cases, the test report should state that it does not
cover the full number of tests specified herein. Furthermore, the items omitted should be
mentioned, to give the reader of the report a clear overview.
The standard is also applicable for non-intelligent microprocessor-based valve positioners
without means for bi-directional communication. In that case an evaluation should be reduced
to a limited programme of performance testing and a short review of the construction.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
– 8 – 61514-2 © IEC:2013
IEC 60050 (all parts), International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) (available at
http://www.electropedia.org)
IEC 60068-2-1:1990, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests. Tests A: Cold
IEC 60068-2-2:1974, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests. Tests B: Dry heat
IEC 60068-2-6:1995, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests. Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal)
IEC 60068-2-31:1969, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests. Test Ec: Drop and topple,
primarily for equipment-type specimens
IEC 60068-2-78:2001, Environmental testing – Part 2-78: Tests. Test Cab: Damp heat, steady
state
IEC 60079 (all parts), Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres
IEC 60529:1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 60534-1, Industrial-process control valves – Part 1: Control valve terminology and general
considerations
IEC 60654 (all parts), Operating conditions for industrial-process measurement and control
equipment
IEC 60721-3, Classification of environmental conditions – Part 3 Classification of groups of
environmental parameters and their severities
IEC 61000-4-11, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 4-11: Testing and measurement
techniques – Voltage dips, short interruptions and voltage variations immunity tests
IEC 61010-1:2001, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control, and
laboratory use – Part 1: General requirements
IEC 61032:1997, Protection of persons and equipment by enclosures – Probes for verification
IEC 61069 (all parts), Industrial-process measurement and control – Evaluation of system
properties for the purpose of system assessment
IEC 61158 (all parts), Digital data communications for measurement and control – Fieldbus for
use in industrial control systems
IEC 61298 (all parts), Process measurement and control devices – General methods and
procedures for evaluating performance
IEC 61298-1:2008, Process measurement and control devices – General methods and
procedures for evaluating performance – Part 1: General considerations
IEC 61298-2:2008, Process measurement and control devices – General methods and
procedures for evaluating performance – Part 2: Tests under reference conditions
IEC 61298-3:2008, Process measurement and control devices – General methods and
procedures for evaluating performance – Part 3: Tests for the effects of influence quantities

61514-2 © IEC:2013 – 9 –
IEC 61298-4:2008, Process measurement and control devices – General methods and
procedures for evaluating performance – Part 4: Evaluation report content
IEC 61326-1:2005, Electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use – EMC
requirements
IEC/PAS 61499 (all parts), Function blocks for industrial-process measurement and control
systems
IEC 61514:2000, Industrial-process control systems – Methods of evaluating the performance
of valve positioners with pneumatic outputs
IEC/TS 62098, Evaluation methods for microprocessor-based instruments
CISPR 11, Information technology equipment – Radio disturbance characteristics – Limits and
methods of measurement
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 61514:2000 and
IEC 60050-351, as well as the following apply.
3.1
intelligent valve positioner
position controller based on microprocessor technology, and utilising digital techniques for data
processing, decision-making and bi-directional communication
Note 1 to entry: It may be equipped with additional sensors and additional functionality supporting the main
function.
Note 2 to entry: In this standard, only positioners with pneumatic output signals are considered, as defined in 3.1
of IEC 61514:2000. The input signal may be an electric current or voltage, or a digital signal via a fieldbus.
Note 3 to entry: For non-intelligent microprocessor-based position controllers without bi-directional communication
an evaluation is reduced to a limited amount of performance testing and an abridged design review of the
construction.
3.2
configuring
process of implementing the functionality required for a certain application
3.3
configurability
extent to which an intelligent positioner can be provided with functions to control various
applications
3.4
calibration
process of adjusting the range of travel to the required value for acquiring a defined input-to-
travel characteristic
Note 1 to entry: The adjusted travel can either be from stop to stop or to a value in between as defined by the valve
manufacturer.
Note 2 to entry: Instruments may exist that are provided with an automatic procedure for travel range adjustment,
which may then be addressed with the term auto-calibration.
3.5
tuning
process of adjusting the various control parameters for a certain application

– 10 – 61514-2 © IEC:2013
Note 1 to entry: The stem tuning procedure can range from "trial and error" to an automatic proprietary procedure
provided by the manufacturer and often addressed as auto-tuning.
3.6
set-up
process of configuring, calibrating and tuning a positioner for optimal controlling of a specific
actuator/valve assembly
3.7
travel cut-off
point close to the extreme end (low or high) of the characteristic curve at which the positioner
forces the valve to the corresponding mechanical stop (fully closed or fully open)
3.8
stroke time
time required to travel between two different positions under a defined set of conditions
3.9
dead band
finite range of values within which reversal of the input variable does not produce any
noticeable change in the output variable
3.10
operating mode
selected method of operation of the positioner
3.11
setpoint
input variable, which sets the desired value of the controlled variable (travel)
Note 1 to entry: The input variable may originate from an analogue source (mA or voltage) or from a digital source
(fieldbus) or local keyboard).
3.12
balance pressure
average of the pressures on the opposite chambers of a double acting actuator in steady state
condition
Note 1 to entry: The balance pressure shall be expressed as a percentage of the positioner supply pressure to
evaluate the stiffness of the double acting system.
4 Design review
4.1 General
The observations of Clause 4 shall be based on open literature (manuals, instruction leaflets,
etc.) provided to a user on delivery of the instruments and whatever the manufacturer is willing
to disclose. They shall not contain confidential information.
The design review is meant to identify and make explicit the functionality and capabilities of the
intelligent valve positioner under consideration in a structured way. As intelligent positioners
appear in a great variety of designs a review has to show in a structured way the details of
– their physical structure;
– their functional structure.
Subclause 4.2 guides the evaluator in the process of describing the physical structure of
intelligent positioners through identifying the hardware modules and the I/Os to the operational
and environmental domains.
61514-2 © IEC:2013 – 11 –
Thereafter the functional structure is described using the checklist of 4.3. The checklist gives a
structured framework of the relevant issues, which have to be addressed by the evaluator
through adequate qualitative and quantitative experiments.
4.2 Positioner identification
4.2.1 Overview
The structured identification process, based on the following considerations, leads to a
blockscheme and a concise description of the positioner under test, which shall be included in
the evaluation report. It may be enhanced with photographs or drawings of important details.
The instrument, schematically shown in Figure 1, can have the following main physical
modules and provisions for connection to the external world:
To external system
Supply voltage
Power supply Communication
Supply pressure
unit interface
Current input
Data
Sensor/input Output
E
Feedback from actuator processing
assembly subsystem
Output pressure
P
unit
to actuator
Pos. output pressure
Aux. sensor
pos. internal temp.
assembly
Human
Upstream line pressure
mA position output
interface
Diff. pressure
Stuffing box
over valve
leakage
detector
To human operator
IEC  1305/13
Figure 1 – Positioner model in extensive configuration
4.2.2 Power supply unit
Instruments that require a separate connection to an a.c. or d.c. supply voltage may exist.
However, the majority of instruments are "loop powered" which means that they receive power
either through the current input for instruments that need an analogue (mA) setpoint, or
through the fieldbus when the setpoint is a digital signal.
4.2.3 Sensor/input assembly
The main sensor/input assembly is that part of the positioner to which the analogue setpoint is
connected and which also receives the feedback signal from the actuator/valve assembly (stem
movement). It supports the primary function of the positioner. Parts of the assembly may be
distributed at physically different locations in the positioner. In instruments that receive a digital
setpoint, the current input as shown in Figure 4 does not exist. The feedback signal is
generated by a mechanical interface (linkage) between the positioner and the valve stem.
4.2.4 Auxiliary sensor assembly
The auxiliary sensor assembly is for the electronics part integrated with the main sensor input
assembly. Many positioners are equipped with a pressure sensor in the pneumatic output
circuit and a temperature sensor inside the electronics housing. Their signals may be used in
the stem position control algorithm. For safeguarding and condition monitoring of the valve a

– 12 – 61514-2 © IEC:2013
positioner may be equipped with additional sensors. It may also be equipped with circuits for
digital inputs from switches.
4.2.5 Human interface
A positioner can be classified as intelligent only when data produced by the positioner can be
communicated to the external world. The human interface is an important tool for
communication. It consists of integral means at the instrument for reading out data (local
display) and provisions for entering and requesting data (local pushbuttons). It may appear that
some instruments are not equipped with a human interface. In these cases access is provided
via the data communication interface and an external device (handheld terminal or PC).
4.2.6 Communication interface
Positioner intelligence is further supported by the communication interface, which connects the
positioner to external systems. Through the interface and a fieldbus, data transfer (setpoint,
configuration and process data) takes place between the positioner and the external system.
There are also hybrid instruments, which require an analogue input for control data where the
data communication interface is integrated in the input circuit and has no separate point of
connection for the fieldbus. The digital information is superimposed on the analogue input
current. There may be instruments which do not have a communication interface. Then
configuration and read-out of data take place via the human interface.
4.2.7 Data processing unit
The data processing unit provides the instrument with a number of functions that may vary
considerably from make to make. The functions that can be implemented include:
– control function;
– configuration;
– calibration;
– tuning;
– valve condition monitoring (valve diagnostics);
– external process control function;
– self-testing;
– trending and data storage;
– part of the functionality may be located in external devices that are temporarily or
continuously connected to the data communication interface (e.g. configuration, trending).
4.2.8 Output subsystem
In the single acting version the output subsystem converts the digital information via an electro-
pneumatic converter (E/P) into the pneumatic signal for controlling the actuator.
In the double acting version the output subsystem is equipped with two oppositely operating
E/P converters. In balanced (steady) position the converters provide pressures that, apart from
the friction force to the valve stem, are equal. The relation between the balance pressure and
the supply pressure determines the stiffness of a double acting system.
With respect to the pneumatic unit, the following two designs are, among others, commonly
used:
– analogue techniques of conventional E/P converters as shown in Figure 2;
– electronically controlled two-state pilot valves.
Moreover, the output subsystem can also be provided with isolated analogue signal outputs
proportional to one (or more) of the measured or calculated data and/or one or more

61514-2 © IEC:2013 – 13 –
configurable output relays for alarm purposes. Such outputs usually require a separate power
supply.
Figure 2 – Basic design for positioners with analogue outputs
Control signal Control signal
open close
Pilot Pilot
valve 1 valve 2
Supply
Venting
pressure
output
Actuator
Stem travel
IEC  1307/13
Figure 3 – Basic design for positioners with pulsed output
4.2.9 External functionality
Through the data communication interface and the fieldbus the instrument communicates with
PCs, handheld devices and DCS systems. In many cases a part of the functionality of the
positioner may reside in these devices. This may include the following functions:
– (Remote) configuration tool.
– Data storage (configuration, position trend, valve condition).
– Parts of the calibration and stem tuning procedure.
– Automated valve condition monitoring and alarming.
In an evaluation the external functionality (if present) shall be considered as well.
4.3 Aspects of functionality and capabilities to be reviewed
4.3.1 Checklist
The following Tables 1 through 5 shall serve as a checklist for the determination of the
functions and capabilities implemented in the positioner under consideration. An example of
the reporting format can be found in 4.4.

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Table 1 – Functionality (1 of 2)
Function/capability Aspects to be considered during evaluation
Suitable for rotary valve If so, also indicate the stroke range and describe the accessories required for
mechanical linkage.
Suitable for linear stroke valve If so, also indicate the stroke range and describe the accessories required for
mechanical linkage.
Direct/reverse action Check whether choice of direct/reverse action is possible and describe how
the mechanism operates.
Double acting version Check one of the following:
– always included
– can be retrofitted
– available with different order number
– not available
Stem position control algorithm For each control parameter give:
parameters
– name
– adjustment range if user-adjustable
– default values if applicable
– check whether invalid values are recognised and rejected
– check whether negative values are a
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