SIST EN 61243-5:2002

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2002
Delo pod napetostjo - Indikatorji napetosti - 5. del: Sistem za detekcijo napetosti
(VDS) (IEC 61243-5:1997, spremenjen)
Live working - Voltage detectors -- Part 5: Voltage detecting systems (VDS)
Arbeiten unter Spannung - Spannungsprüfer -- Teil 5: Spannungsprüfsysteme (VDS)
Travaux sous tension - Détecteurs de tension -- Partie 5: Systèmes détecteurs de
tension (VDS)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 61243-5:2001
ICS:
13.260 Varstvo pred električnim Protection against electric
udarom. Delo pod napetostjo shock. Live working
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 61243-5
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM May 2001
ICS 22.260.99
English version
Live working - Voltage detectors
Part 5: Voltage detecting systems (VDS)
(IEC 61243-5:1997, modified)
Travaux sous tension - Arbeiten unter Spannung -
Détecteurs de tension Spannungsprüfer
Partie 5: Systèmes détecteurs de tension Teil 5: Spannungsprüfsysteme (VDS)
(VDS) (IEC 61243-5:1997, modifiziert)
(CEI 61243-5:1997, modifiée)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2000-11-01. CENELEC members are bound to
comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any
other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own
language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway,
Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels
© 2001 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 61243-5:2001 E
Foreword
The text of the International Standard IEC 61243-5:1997, prepared by IEC TC 78, Live
working, together with the common modifications prepared by the Technical Committee
CENELEC TC 78, Equipment and tools for live working, was submitted to the formal vote and
was approved by CENELEC as EN 61243-5 on 2000-11-01.
The following dates were fixed:
- latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2001-11-01
- latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2003-11-01
Annexes designated "normative" are part of the body of the standard.
Annexes designated "informative" are given for information only.
In this standard, annexes A, B, C and ZB are normative and annexes D, E, F and ZA are
informative.
Annexes ZA and ZB have been added by CENELEC.
__________
- 3 - EN 61243-5:2001
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 61243-5:1997 was approved by CENELEC as a
European Standard with agreed common modifications as given below.
COMMON MODIFICATIONS
Contents
Annexes, add
ZA Special conditions for voltage indicators which can be connected to a 230 V a.c. socket-
outlet
ZB Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European
publications
4.9 Indicator
4.9.7 Add the following note :
NOTE  The use of such indicators is restricted by special patent rights (see annex ZA).
4.9.14 Add the following note :
NOTE  See also annex ZA.
Table 2 – Dimensional characteristics of interface and test point
Second line (HR), second column (Socket arrangement), replace the drawing by:
Second line (HR), fourth column (Relevant standard), modify the text as follows :
Refer to Figure C.1 or ZA.1, socket carrying the signal according to IEC 61010-2-031.

Replace annex C by:
Annex C
(normative)
Dimensional characteristics of plug arrangements
HR-, MR and LRM-systems,
Voltage indicator MR-system
Dimensions in millimeters
a = 19 mm, d = 4 mm, d = 6,5 mm, d = 7,8 mm
i a
1 Insulating collar
3 The edges shall be chamfered or rounded off
4 Elastic contact
Signal carrying pole (right side in figure) according to IEC 61010 - 031
Figure C.1 - Plug arrangement for voltage indicator HR-system - Safety plug

- 5 - EN 61243-5:2001
Add the following annexes ZA and ZB:
Annex ZA
(informative)
Special conditions for voltage indicators which can be connected to
a 230 V a.c. socket-outlet
Voltage indicators which can be connected to a 230 V a.c. socket-outlet are covered in some
countries by special patent rights.
Voltage indicators built according to Figure ZA.1 are included in this standard but
manufacturers of these indicators should ask the patent holder to negociate licences, if
applicable.
NOTE  See European Patent EP 00 92 51 B1.
Dimensions in millimeters
a is 18 mm to 19,2 mm in the plane of the engagement face and is 17 mm to 18 mm at the
end of the pins.
1 Insulating collar
2 Metal pin, pin ends shall be rounded
3 the edges shall be chamfered or rounded off
Figure ZA.1 – Europlug
Annex ZB
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or
revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated
in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication
referred to applies (including amendments).
NOTE  When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the
relevant EN/HD applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60050-151 1978 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary--
(IEV)
Chapter 151: Electrical and magnetic devices
IEC 60060-1 1989 High-voltage test techniques HD 588.1 S1 1991
+ corr. March 1990 Part 1: General definitions and test
requirements
1)
IEC 60068-2-3 1969 Basic environmental testing procedures HD 323.2.3 S2 1987
Part 2: Tests - Test Ca: Damp heat, steady
state
IEC 60068-2-6 1995 Environmental testing EN 60068-2-6 1995
+ corr. March 1995 Part 2: Tests - Test Fc and guidance:
Vibration (sinusoidal)
IEC 60068-2-11 1981 Part 2: Tests - Test Ka: Salt mist EN 60068-2-11 1999
2)
IEC 60068-2-14 1984 Part 2: Tests - Test N: Change of temperature EN 60068-2-14 1999
IEC 60068-2-63 1991 Part 2: Test methods - Test Eg: Impact, EN 60068-2-63 1994
spring hammer
IEC 60096-0-1 1990 Radio-frequency cables --
Part 0: Guide to the design of detail
specifications -- Section 1: Coaxial cables
3)
IEC 60225 1966 Octave, half-octave and third-octave band--
filters intended for the analysis of sounds and
vibrations
IEC 60227-3 1993 Polyvinyl chloride insulated cables of rated HD 21.3 S3 1995
(mod) voltages up to and including 450/750 V
Part 3: Non-sheathed cables for fixed wiring

1) HD 323.2.3 S2 includes A1:1984 to IEC 60068-2-3.
2) EN 60068-2-14 includes A1:1986 to IEC 60068-2-14.
3) IEC 60225 is superseded by IEC 61260:1995, which is harmonized as EN 61260:1995.

- 7 - EN 61243-5:2001
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
4)
IEC 60352-1 1983 Solderless connections EN 60352-1 1994
Part 1: Solderless wrapped connections -
General requirements, test methods and
practical guidance
IEC 60352-2 1990 Part 2: Solderless crimped connections - EN 60352-2 1994
General requirements, test methods and
practical guidance
5)
IEC 60352-5 1995 Part 5: Solderless press-in connections - EN 60352-5 1995
General requirements, test methods and
practical guidance
IEC 60384 (mod) series Fixed capacitors for use in electronic EN 60384 series
equipment
IEC 60529 1989 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures EN 60529 1991
(IP Code) + corr. May 1993
6)
IEC 60536 1976 Classification of electrical and electronic HD 366 S1 1977
equipment with regard to protection against
electric shock
IEC 60603-11 1992 Connectors for frequencies below 3 MHz for--
use with printed boards
Part 11: Detail specification for concentric
connectors (dimensions for free connectors
and fixed connectors)
IEC 60651 1979 Sound level meters EN 60651 1994
7)
IEC 60694 1980 Common clauses for high-voltage switchgear HD 448 S4 1996
and controlgear standards
IEC 60760 1989 Flat, quick-connect terminations - -
8)
IEC 60999-1 1990 Connecting devices - Safety requirements for EN 60999-1 1993
screw-type and screwless-type clamping units
for electrical copper conductors
Part 1: General requirements and particular
requirements for conductors from 0,5 mm² up
to 35 mm² (included)
IEC 61010-2-031
1993 Safety requirements for electrical equipment EN 61010-2-031 1994
for measurement, control and laboratory use
Part 2-031: Particular requirements for
hand-held probe assemblies for electrical
measurement and test
4) EN 60352-1:1994 is superseded by EN 60352-1:1997, which is based on IEC 60352-1:1997.
5) EN 60352-5:1995 is superseded by EN 60352-5:2001, which is based on IEC 60352-5:2001.
6) HD 366 S1 is superseded by EN 61140:2001, which is based on IEC 61140:1997.
7) HD 448 S4 is superseded by EN 60694:1996 + corrigendum May 1999, which is based on IEC 60694:1996.
8) EN 60999-1:1993 is superseded by EN 60999-1:2000, which is based on IEC 60999-1:1999.

Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
9)
ISO 3740 1980 Acoustics – Determination of sound power--
levels of noise sources - Guidelines for the
use of basic standards and for the preparation
of noise test codes
ISO 3744 1994 Acoustics – Determination of sound power EN ISO 3744 1995
levels of noise sources using sound pressure -
Engineering method in an essentially free
field over a reflecting plane
ISO 3745 1977 Acoustics – Determination of sound power--
levels of noise sources - Precision methods
for anechoic and semi-anechoic rooms
ISO 3746 1995 Acoustics – Determination of sound power EN ISO 3746 1995
levels of noise sources using sound pressure -
Survey method using an enveloping
measurement surface over a reflecting plane
QC 001005 1994 Register of firms, products and services--
approved under the IECQ System, including
ISO 9000
9) ISO 3740:2000 is harmonized as EN ISO 3740:2000.

NORME
CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
61243-5
INTERNATIONAL
Première édition
STANDARD
First edition
1997-06
Travaux sous tension –
Détecteurs de tension –
Partie 5:
Systèmes détecteurs de tension (VDS)
Live working –
Voltage detectors –
Part 5:
Voltage detecting systems (VDS)
 IEC 1997 Droits de reproduction réservés  Copyright - all rights reserved
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utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photo- including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in
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For price, see current catalogue

61243-5 © IEC:1997 – 3 –
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD . 7
INTRODUCTION . 9
Clause
1 Scope. 11
2 Normative references . 11
3 Definitions . 15
4 Requirements . 19
4.1 General . 19
4.2 Threshold values for indication . 21
4.3 Indication and perceptibility. 23
4.4 Climatic requirements. 25
4.5 Coupling dielectric . 25
4.6 Measuring circuit components . 27
4.7 Connecting lead . 29
4.8 Interface and test point . 29
4.9 Indicator . 31
4.10 Terminal leads of separable indicators. 31
4.11 Markings . 33
4.12 Instructions for use. 35
5 Tests. 35
5.1 General . 35
5.2 Arrangement, assembly, markings and instructions for use . 37
5.3 Dielectric strength of the coupling system or integrated VDS. 37
5.4 Maximum current from the coupling electrode . 39
5.5 Interface conditions for separable VDS . 39
5.6 Voltage limiting device. 39
5.7 Temperature dependence of coupling systems of separable VDS
and of integrated VDS . 41
5.8 Phase rotation of the coupling system. 41
5.9 Insulation resistance of the coupling system under pollution. 43
5.10 Connecting leads. 45
5.11 Clear indication in integrated VDS. 45
5.12 Vibration resistance of the indicator for separable and integrated VDS . 47
5.13 Drop and impact resistance . 47
5.14 Dielectric strength of separable indicators. 47
5.15 Threshold voltage and input impedance of indicators . 49
5.16 Climatic dependence of threshold voltage . 51

61243-5 © IEC:1997 – 5 –
Clause Page
5.17 Response time of indicator . 53
5.18 Non-response to d.c. voltage . 53
5.19 Efficiency of testing element . 53
5.20 Indication until power source is exhausted . 55
5.21 Temperature dependence of the separable indicator . 57
5.22 Clear perceptibility of visual indication . 57
5.23 Clear perceptibility of audible indication . 59
5.24 Clear indication of phase comparators . 61
5.25 Phase rotation of universal phase comparator. 63
5.26 Maintenance test of the coupling system of separable VDS . 63
5.27 Maintenance test of voltage indicators of separable VDS . 65
5.28 Maintenance test of integrated VDS . 65
Tables
1 Characteristics of separable voltage detecting systems (VDS). 67
2 Dimensional characteristics of interface and test point . 69
Figures
1 Voltage detecting system with portable indicator (separable VDS) . 71
2 Voltage detecting system with integrated indicator (integrated VDS) . 71
3 Voltage detecting system with portable indicator and adaptor
Example for HR-LR. 73
4 Symbol for capacitive interface . 75
5 Example for markings of an interface in the HR-system. 75
6 Examples for measuring the response time. 77
7 Test set-up for perceptibility of visual indication . 79
8 Test set-up for perceptibility of audible indication . 81
9 Test set-up for clear indication and phase rotation of phase comparators . 83
Annexes
A Sequence of tests. 85
B Instructions for use of the VDS . 93
C Dimensional characteristics of plug arrangements. 99
D Sampling test . 107
E Tightness test for separable connectors containing LRP coupling systems . 109
F Voltage indicating systems. 111

61243-5 © IEC:1997 – 7 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
___________
LIVE WORKING – VOLTAGE DETECTORS –
Part 5 : Voltage detecting systems (VDS)
FOREWORD
1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization
comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to
promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic
fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt
with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations
liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International
Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the
two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an
international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation
from all interested National Committees.
3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the
form of standards, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Committees in that
sense.
4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC International
Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any
divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly
indicated in the latter.
5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards.
6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the
subject of patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61243-5 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 78: Tools
for live working.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
78/203/FDIS 78/217/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
Annexes A, B and C form an integral part of this standard.
Annexes D, E and F are for information only.

61243-5 © IEC:1997 – 9 –
INTRODUCTION
Capacitive voltage detecting systems have already been used for a long time, especially on
hermetically enclosed gas insulated switchgear in the medium voltage range. At the beginning
this technique was used only for information about the voltage. With this part of IEC 61243, it is
the intention to have the same level of safety for detection of the absence or presence of
voltage as with conventional voltage detectors.

61243-5 © IEC:1997 – 11 –
LIVE WORKING – VOLTAGE DETECTORS –
Part 5 : Voltage detecting systems (VDS)
1 Scope
This part of IEC 61243 is applicable to voltage detecting systems that are single-pole and are
capacitively-coupled to live parts. They are used to detect the presence or absence of
operating voltage on a.c. electrical systems for voltages from 1 kV to 52 kV, and for
/
frequencies from 16 3 Hz to 60 Hz.
This standard is also applicable to phase comparators designed for voltage detecting systems.
EMC tests are not included as, at the present time, not enough information about minimum
requirements is available.
NOTES
1 Except where specified otherwise, all the voltages defined in this standard refer to values of phase-to-phase
voltages of three-phase systems. In other systems, the applicable phase-to-phase or phase-to-earth voltages
are used to determine the operating voltage.
2 Voltage detecting systems based on fundamentally different principles (for example optical systems,
resistive coupling elements) are not covered in this standard but should meet the requirements of this standard
where applicable.
3 For frequencies differing from 50 Hz, the values C and U according to table 1 are valid. The threshold
s t
values for I have to be changed accordingly.
t
4 If in an electrical installation it is verified that the installation is dead by other means than using a voltage
detecting system, a different device which can be termed voltage indicating system may be used for service
information about the voltage state with reduced requirements concerning tests for clear and reliable indication.
If so, this should be clearly stated and made explicit by the manufacturer (see annex F for further details).
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text,
constitute provisions of this part of IEC 61243. At the time of publication, the editions indicated
were valid. All normative documents are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based
on this part of IEC 61243 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most
recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain
registers of currently valid International Standards.
IEC 60050(151): 1978, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 151:
Electrical and magnetic devices
IEC 60060-1: 1989, High voltage test techniques – Part 1: General definitions and test
requirements
IEC 60068-2-3: 1969, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests – Test Ca: Damp heat, steady
state
61243-5 © IEC:1997 – 13 –
IEC 60068-2-6: 1995, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests – Test Fc and guidance: Vibration
(sinusoidal)
IEC 60068-2-11: 1981, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests – Test Ka: Salt mist
IEC 60068-2-14: 1984, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests – Test N: Change of temperature
IEC 60068-2-63: 1991, Environmental testing – Part 2: Tests – Test Eg: Impact, spring hammer
IEC 60096-0-1: 1990, Radio-frequency cables – Part 0: Guide to the design of detail
specifications – Section 1: Coaxial cables
IEC 60225: 1966, Octave, half-octave and third-octave band filters intended for the analysis of
sounds and vibrations
IEC 60227-3: 1993, Polyvinyl chloride insulated cables of rated voltages up to and including
450/750 V – Part 3: Non-sheathed cables for fixed wiring
IEC 60352-1: 1983, Solderless connections – Part 1: Solderless wrapped connections –
General requirements, test methods and practical guidance
IEC 60352-2: 1990, Solderless connections – Part 2: Solderless crimped connections –
General requirements, test methods and practical guidance
IEC 60352-5: 1995, Solderless connections – Part 5: Solderless press-in connections –
General requirements, test methods and practical guidance
IEC 60384, Fixed capacitors for use in electronic equipment
IEC 60529: 1989, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code)
IEC 60536: 1976, Classification of electrical and electronic equipment with regard to protection
against electric shock
IEC 60603-11: 1992, Connectors for frequencies below 3 MHz for use with printed boards –
Part 11: Detail specification for concentric connectors (dimensions for free connectors and
fixed connectors)
IEC 60651: 1979, Sound level meters
IEC 60694: 1980, Common clauses for high-voltage switchgear and controlgear standards
IEC 60760: 1989, Flat, quick-connect terminations
IEC 60999: 1990, Connecting devices – Safety requirements for screw-type and screwless-type
clamping units for electrical copper conductors
IEC 61010-2-031: 1993, Safety requirements for electrical equipment for measurement, control
and laboratory use – Part 2-031: Particular requirements for hand-held probe assemblies for
electrical measurement and test
QC 001005: 1992, Register of firms, products and services approved under the IECQ System,
including ISO 9000
61243-5 © IEC:1997 – 15 –
ISO 3740: 1980, Acoustics – Determination of sound power levels of noise sources –
Guidelines for the use of basic standards and for the preparation of noise test codes
ISO 3744: 1994, Acoustics – Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using
sound pressure – Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane
ISO 3745: 1977, Acoustics – Determination of sound power levels of noise sources – Precision
methods for anechoic and semi-anechoic rooms
ISO 3746: 1995, Acoustics – Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using
sound pressure – Survey method using an enveloping measurement surface over a reflecting
plane
3 Definitions
For the purpose of this part of IEC 61243 the following definitions apply:
3.1 voltage detecting systems (VDS): Devices used to detect the presence or absence of
operating voltage. Where the design permits any other electrical tests can be performed, for
example phase comparison (see figures 1 and 2).
Voltage detecting systems are classified into:
– integrated systems which are fixed and form an integral part of the equipment in which
they are installed;
– separable systems in which a portable indicator can be connected to a fixed coupling
system by means of an interface.
3.2 coupling electrode: Part which establishes the capacitance to the live part via the
coupling dielectric.
3.3 coupling dielectric: Insulation between the live part and the coupling electrode.
3.4 indicator: That part of the detecting system which detects the signal delivered by the
coupling electrode and indicates the voltage state and/or phase balance. Indicators may be
designed as voltage indicators, phase comparators or as a combination of both.
The voltage indicator is fixed in an integrated VDS and portable in a separable VDS.
3.5 testing element: Built-in or external device, by means of which the functioning of the
indicator can be checked by the user.
3.6 coupling system: That part of the separable voltage detecting system which is
permanently fixed in the installation and provides the electrical signal for the indicator.
3.7 coupling electrode connection: Connecting point for the connecting lead which comes
from the equipment containing the coupling capacitance. This connection may be common with
the interface.
3.8 interface: Connecting point between the coupling system and the indicator of a separable
VDS. It consists of two poles, one with the signal and one earthed.

61243-5 © IEC:1997 – 17 –
3.9 test point (TP): Connecting point of an integrated VDS. It consists of one pole with the
signal. It can be used for various purposes, for example phase comparison.
3.10 connecting lead: Electrical connection between the coupling electrode and the interface
or the integrated indicator.
3.11 terminal lead: Electrical connection between interface or test point and the signal-
processing circuit of portable voltage indicator or phase comparator.
3.12 voltage limiting device: Protective device that limits the voltage at the connection of
the coupling electrode if the coupling dielectric fails.
3.13 short-circuiting device: Device which connects the coupling system to earth when the
indicator is removed from the interface.
3.14 measuring circuit components: Components which establish the electrical interface
conditions for the indicator. It can be made by discrete components or by the capacitance to
earth of other parts of the coupling system.
NOTE – The coupling electrode has a capacitance (stray capacitance) to earth that is to be taken into account
when determining the measuring circuit components.
3.15 measuring voltage (U ): Power-frequency voltage transmitted from the live part to the
m
coupling electrode via the coupling dielectric, when the indicator is connected to the interface.
3.16 threshold voltage (U ): Value of the measuring voltage corresponding to the change of
t
state from the indication "voltage not present" to the indication "voltage present".
3.17 maximum measuring voltage (U ): Highest operating frequency voltage at the
mm
interface that may occur, when the indicator is connected to the interface, for a long time in
case of maximum permissible operating voltage and under worst power supply conditions and
selected threshold conditions:
U = U × 1,2 × U / U
mm tmax n et
where
U is the maximum threshold voltage, characterizing the threshold level according to
tmax
table 1;
U is the nominal voltage of the power supply system;
n
U is the phase-to-earth voltage when the voltage U has been reached in the
et tmax
individual pole.
3.18 input impedance (X ): Defined for separable voltage indicators with periodically
c
changing input impedance as its maximum value.
3.19 Types of separable VDS
In the case of separable VDS five different systems are defined (see table 1).
3.19.1 HR-system: Separable voltage detecting system which is defined by a maximum
threshold voltage of 90 V and a corresponding current of 2,5 μA at 50 Hz on the interface.
3.19.2 MR-system: Separable voltage detecting system which is defined by a maximum
threshold voltage level of 30 V and a corresponding current of 2,5 μA at 50 Hz on the interface.

61243-5 © IEC:1997 – 19 –
3.19.3 LR-system: Separable voltage detecting system which is defined by a maximum
threshold voltage of 5 V and a corresponding current of 2,5 μA at 50 Hz on the interface.
3.19.4 LRM-system: Separable voltage detecting system defined by the same threshold level
as the LR-system on the interface, but with different dimensional characteristics.
3.19.5 LRP-system: Separable voltage detecting system which is defined by a maximum
threshold voltage of 5 V and a corresponding current of 1 μA at 50 Hz on the interface.
3.20 adapter: Device which provides for compatibility between the mechanical and electrical
features of different voltage detecting systems (see figure 3). It is designated by the letters of
the two relevant systems, the first being the designation of coupling system, the latter the
indicator. There may be adapters HR-MR, HR-LR, HR-LRM, HR-LRP, MR-LR, MR-LRM,
MR-LRP, LR-LRM, LR-LRP, LRM-LR, LRM-LRP.
3.21 phase comparator: Apparatus which indicates the phase balance or unbalance between
interfaces and/or test points.
3.22 universal phase comparator (UPC): Apparatus designed to provide comparison
between coupling systems of separable VDS covered by this standard. The types of VDS for
which the UPC is suitable shall be specified in the instructions for use.
3.23 specific phase comparator (SPC): Apparatus designed to provide comparison between
identical coupling systems or identical integrated VDS which shall be clearly specified in the
instructions for use.
NOTE – Indication of an SPC may be dependent on voltage difference.
IEV definitions
3.24 type test: Test on one or more devices made to a certain design to show that the design
meets certain specifications. [IEV 151-04-15]
3.25 routine test: Test to which each individual device is subjected during or after
manufacture to ascertain whether it complies with certain criteria. [IEV 151-04-16]
3.26 sampling test: Test on a number of devices taken at random from a batch. [IEV 151-04-17]
3.27 acceptance test: Contractual test to prove to the customer that the device meets certain
conditions of its specification. [IEV 151-04-20]
3.28 maintenance test: Test carried out periodically on a device or equipment to ascertain
and, if necessary, make certain adjustments to ensure that its performance remains within
specified limits. [IEV 151-04-22]
4 Requirements
4.1 General
4.1.1 Separable VDS shall include at least a coupling system and an indicator.

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4.1.2 The coupling system of a separable VDS shall include as a minimum: the coupling
dielectric, coupling electrode and interface. In addition, it may also include the connecting lead,
voltage limiting device, short-circuiting device and measuring circuit components. One coupling
system shall have only one interface.
4.1.3 The indicator shall include an indicating element and electrical connections to the
interface or to the connecting lead.
4.1.4 Integrated VDS shall include at least the coupling dielectric, the coupling electrode and
a built-in voltage indicator with test point. In addition, it may also include a connecting lead, a
voltage limiting device and measuring circuit components.
4.1.5 Electrical connections shall be provided by secure bolting, compression, soldering,
welding or secured spring pressure. Bolts providing a current path shall engage in metal
threads.
4.2 Threshold values for indication
4.2.1 The indication "voltage present" shall appear:
– in three-phase systems when the actual line-to-earth voltage is in the range of 45 % to
120 % of the nominal voltage, and shall not appear when the actual line-to-earth voltage is
less than 10 % of the nominal voltage;
– in single pole earthed single-phase systems when the actual line-to-earth voltage is in the
range of 78 % to 120 % of the nominal voltage, and shall not appear when the actual line-to-
earth voltage is less than 17 % of the nominal voltage;
– in mid-point earthed single-phase systems when the actual line-to-earth voltage is in the
range of 39 % to 60 % of the nominal voltage, and shall not appear when the actual line-to-
earth voltage is less than 9 % of the nominal voltage.
4.2.2 In a separable VDS, a current of less than I shall flow through a load impedance of
tmin
X when the actual line-to-earth voltage is 10 % of the nominal voltage. If the actual line-to-
cmax
earth voltage is 45 % of the nominal voltage a current of at least I shall flow through a load
tmax
impedance of X , see table 1.
cmin
4.2.3 Separable voltage indicators shall have threshold values according to table 1.
4.2.4 Phase comparators shall indicate "phase unbalance" if the phase shift between line-to-
earth voltages is greater than ±60°, and shall indicate "phase balance" if the phase shift is
lower than ±15°.
4.2.5 Phase comparators or combined devices for voltage indication and phase comparison
used on separable VDS shall comply with the requirements of 4.2.4 in the range of interface
voltage (from U to U ). For voltages less than U , no indication shall appear.
tmax mm tmin
Phase comparators used on integrated VDS shall comply with the requirements of 4.2.4 for
line-to-earth operating voltages in the range of U 3 ± 20 %.
n
4.2.6 A UPC shall indicate, according to 4.2.4, the phase balance or unbalance between the
voltages to be compared without being unduly influenced by the differences between capaci-
tances of the two coupling systems.

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4.2.7 A UPC shall indicate, according to 4.2.4, the phase balance or unbalance between the
voltages to be compared, independent of the amplitude of the single voltages within the voltage
range in which indication should appear. The input impedance X of UPC shall correspond to
c
the VDS the UPC is built for.
4.2.8 The clear indication of an SPC, according to 4.2.4, shall not be affected by the
difference between measuring voltages which can result from:
– a difference of up to 5 % between operating voltages;
– tolerances of construction between identical coupling systems or identical integrated
VDS.
4.3 Indication and perceptibility
4.3.1 Indicators shall clearly indicate the voltage state or phase balance.
4.3.2 The indication shall be in a visual or, in case of separable VDS, an audible form or both.
In indicators having both visual and audible indication, the audible indication is permitted to
have a reduced sound pressure level.
Two classes of indicators with visual indication are specified: one restricted to indoor use, the
other for indoor and outdoor use.
4.3.3 With a visual indication, the repetition frequency shall be at least 1 Hz. With an
intermittent audible indication, the pulse frequency shall be between 1 Hz and 3 Hz, and the
ratio of pulse/pause shall be 4/1. These requirements shall be met for an actual line-to-earth
voltage equal to or greater than 45 % of the nominal voltage or, for separable voltage
indicators, for a measuring voltage equal to or greater than U . For an actual line-to-earth
tmax
voltage lower than 10 % of the nominal voltage or, for separable voltage indicators, for a
measuring voltage lower than U , the indication shall be "voltage not present" with no active
tmin
signal allowed for indicators having no built-in power source.
4.3.4 Voltage indicators with built-in power source shall indicate both states "voltage present"
and "voltage not present" by means of active signals. The two active signals shall not rely
solely on light of different colours for perceptibility. Additional characteristics such as spatial
separation of the light sources, distinctive form of the light signals, flashing light or audible
signals with full sound pressure level shall be used.
4.3.5 Voltage indicators shall not respond to a d.c. voltage.
4.3.6 Indicators shall indicate the change of the state of voltage or the phase relation within 1 s.
4.3.7 Phase comparators shall indicate the state "phase unbalance" by means of an active
signal.
4.3.8 Phase comparators with built-in power source shall indicate both states "phase balance"
and "phase unbalance" by means of active signals. The two active signals shall not rely solely
on light on different colours for perceptibility. Additional characteristics such as spatial
separation of the light sources, distinctive form of the light signals, flashing light or audible
signals with full sound pressure level shall be used.

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4.3.9 For phase comparators providing only one active signal, a voltage less than U on
tmin
one side shall lead to the indication "phase unbalance". For phase comparators providing two
or more active signals, absence of voltage on one side shall result in either no indication or a
specific active signal.
4.3.10 The indication shall be clearly perceptible to the user when in the recommended
operating position and under practical lighting and noise conditions.
4.3.11 Indicators with built-in power source shall give a clear indication until the source is
exhausted, unless their usage is limited by an indication of non-readiness or automatic shut-
off.
4.4 Climatic requirements
4.4.1 Indicators shall be resistant to anticipated changes in temperature.
4.4.2 Separable indicators shall operate correctly within a temperature range of –25 °C to
+55 °C.
Integrated VDS shall operate correctly within limits of temperature class corresponding to
service conditions defined for the equipment in which they are installed.
4.4.3 The threshold voltages in accordance with 4.2.1 shall be maintained throughout the
specified temperature range according to 4.4.2.
4.4.4 The threshold voltage limits according 4.2.1 shall be maintained during operating life
under service conditions defined for equipment in which the integrated VDS is installed.
4.4.5 Insulation resistance of the coupling system of a separable VDS
The insulation resistance of parts with measuring voltage to earth shall be at least:
– 360 MΩ in the HR-system;
– 120 MΩ in the MR-system;
– 50 MΩ in the LRP-system;
– 20 MΩ in the LR- and LRM-systems.
This insulation resistance shall be maintained during operating life under service conditions
defined for equipment in which the coupling system is installed.
4.5 Coupling dielectric
4.5.1 Equipment comprising coupling electrodes shall be constructed in accordance with their
relevant standards. With subsequently installed coupling electrodes, a type test as well
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