SIST EN ISO 10426-4:2005

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 10426-4:2005
01-april-2005
Industrija za predelavo nafte in zemeljskega plina - Cementi in materiali za
cementiranje vrtin - 4. del: Priprava in preskušanje penjenih cementnih past pri
atmosferskem tlaku (ISO 10426-4:2004)
Petroleum and natural gas industries - Cements and materials for well cementing - Part
4: Preparation and testing of foamed cement slurries at atmospheric pressure (ISO
10426-4:2004)
Erdöl- und Erdgasindustrie - Zemente und Materialien für die Zementation von
Tiefbohrungen - Teil 4: Vorbereitung und Prüfung von Schaumzementbrühen unter
atmosphärischen Bedingungen (ISO 10426-4:2004)
Industrie du pétrole et du gaz naturel - Ciments et matériaux pour la cimentation des
puits - Partie 4: Préparation et essais en conditions ambiantes des laitiers de ciment
mousse (ISO 10426-4:2004)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 10426-4:2004
ICS:
75.180.10 Oprema za raziskovanje in Exploratory and extraction
odkopavanje equipment
91.100.10 Cement. Mavec. Apno. Malta Cement. Gypsum. Lime.
Mortar
SIST EN ISO 10426-4:2005 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 10426-4:2005

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SIST EN ISO 10426-4:2005
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 10426-4
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2004
ICS 91.100.10; 75.020
English version
Petroleum and natural gas industries - Cements and materials
for well cementing - Part 4: Preparation and testing of foamed
cement slurries at atmospheric pressure (ISO 10426-4:2004)
Industrie du pétrole et du gaz naturel - Ciments et Erdöl- und Erdgasindustrie - Zemente und Materialen für
matériaux pour la cimentation des puits - Partie 4: die Zementation von Tiefbohrungen - Teil 4: Vorbereitung
Préparation et essais en conditions ambiantes des laitiers und Prüfung von Schaumzementbrühen unter
de ciment mousse (ISO 10426-4:2004) atmosphärischen Bedingungen (ISO 10426-4:2004)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 December 2004.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 10426-4:2004: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN ISO 10426-4:2005
EN ISO 10426-4:2004 (E)






Foreword



The text of ISO 10426-4:2004 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67
"Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum and natural gas industries" of the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 10426-
4:2004 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 12 "Materials, equipment and offshore structures for
petroleum and natural gas industries" the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2005, and conflicting national
standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2005.

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of
the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

Endorsement notice

The text of ISO 10426-4:2004 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 10426-4:2004 without any
modifications.

2

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SIST EN ISO 10426-4:2005


INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 10426-4
First edition
2004-03-01

Petroleum and natural gas industries —
Cements and materials for well
cementing —
Part 4:
Preparation and testing of foamed
cement slurries at atmospheric pressure
Industrie du pétrole et du gaz naturel — Ciments et matériaux pour la
cimentation des puits —
Partie 4: Préparation et essais en conditions ambiantes des laitiers de
ciment mousse




Reference number
ISO 10426-4:2004(E)
©
ISO 2004

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SIST EN ISO 10426-4:2005
ISO 10426-4:2004(E)
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©  ISO 2004
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ii © ISO 2004 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 10426-4:2005
ISO 10426-4:2004(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope. 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Sampling . 1
4 Slurry calculations . 1
5 Apparatus. 5
6 Preparation of base cement slurry. 5
7 Preparation of foamed cement slurry at atmospheric pressure . 6
8 Example calculations for the preparation of foamed cement slurry at atmospheric
pressure . 7
9 Atmospheric testing of foamed cement slurries . 9
10 Determination of other properties of base unfoamed cement slurry . 12
Bibliography . 13

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SIST EN ISO 10426-4:2005
ISO 10426-4:2004(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 10426-4 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore structures
for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries, Subcommittee SC 3, Drilling and completion fluids,
and well cements.
ISO 10426 consists of the following parts, under the general title Petroleum and natural gas industries —
Cements and materials for well cementing:
 Part 1: Specification
 Part 2: Testing of well cements
 Part 3: Testing of deepwater well cement formulations
 Part 4: Preparation and testing of foamed cement slurries at atmospheric pressure
 Part 5: Determination of shrinkage and expansion of well cement formulations at atmospheric pressure
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SIST EN ISO 10426-4:2005
ISO 10426-4:2004(E)
Introduction
Users of this part of ISO 10426 should be aware that further or differing requirements may be needed for
individual applications. This part of ISO 10426 is not intended to inhibit a vendor from offering, or the
purchaser from accepting, alternative equipment or engineering solutions for the individual application. This
may be particularly applicable where there is innovative or developing technology. Where an alternative is
offered, the vendor should identify any variations from this International Standard and provide details.
Cements or cement blends used for foamed cement slurry preparation at atmospheric pressure should be fit
for purpose. Such cements could include well cements of ISO Classes, high alumina cement, or other
speciality cements. The cements and blending materials should conform to appropriate standards. Where
International Standards do not exist, conformance with other appropriate standards should be made.
In this part of ISO 10426, where practical, U.S. Customary units are included in brackets for information.
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SIST EN ISO 10426-4:2005

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SIST EN ISO 10426-4:2005
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10426-4:2004(E)

Petroleum and natural gas industries — Cements and materials
for well cementing —
Part 4:
Preparation and testing of foamed cement slurries at
atmospheric pressure
1 Scope
This part of ISO 10426 defines the methods for the generation and testing of foamed cement slurries and their
corresponding unfoamed base cement slurries at atmospheric pressure.
2 Normative references
The following normative document is indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references,
only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
any amendments) applies.
ISO 10426-2:2003, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Cements and materials for well cementing —
Part 2: Testing of well cements
3 Sampling
3.1 General
Samples of the cement material or cement blend, solid and liquid additives, and water used for mixing are
required to test a foamed cement slurry in accordance with this part of ISO 10426. Accordingly, the best
available sampling technology should be employed to ensure the test materials match as closely as possible
those found at the well site.
3.2 Method
Applicable sampling techniques for the fluids and materials used in foamed cementing operations can be
found in ISO 10426-2:2003, Clause 4. If required, the temperatures of the mix water, cement or cement
blends, and liquid additives may be measured with a thermocouple or thermometer capable of measuring
temperature with an accuracy of ± 2 °C (± 3,5 °F). These temperatures should be recorded. Temperature-
measuring devices shall be calibrated (in the case of a thermocouple) or checked for accuracy (in the case of
a thermometer) annually.
4 Slurry calculations
4.1 Calculation of base cement slurry composition with and without surfactant(s)
The final base cement slurry for preparing a foamed cement slurry contains surfactant(s), which cannot be
added to the base cement slurry for initial mixing. This requires calculation of the relative mass percentage
(mass fraction) of the surfactant(s) in the foamed cement slurry. This is done by taking the total mass of the
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SIST EN ISO 10426-4:2005
ISO 10426-4:2004(E)
surfactant(s) and dividing by the total mass of the base cement slurry. (For these calculations, additives are
considered those materials added to the cement that do not result in foaming the system.)
The mass fraction (percentage) of surfactant(s) can be calculated by:
w = [m /(m + m + m + m )] × 100 (1)
s s c a s w
where
w is the mass fraction of surfactant(s), expressed as a percent;
s
m is the mass of surfactant(s), expressed in grams;
s
m is the mass of cement, expressed in grams;
c
m is the mass of additive(s), expressed in grams;
a
m is the mass of water, expressed in grams.
w
If desired, the base cement slurry density without surfactant (ρ ) can be calculated, in grams per cubic
bwos
centimetre, by:
mm++m
caw
ρ =
bwos
VV++V
caw
(2)
where
m is the mass of cement, expressed in grams;
c
m is the mass of additive(s), expressed in grams;
a
m is the mass of water, expressed in grams;
w
V is the absolute volume of cement, expressed in cubic centimetres;
c
V is the absolute volume of additive(s), expressed in cubic centimetres;
a
V is the volume of water, expressed in cubic centimetres.
w
4.2 Determination of slurry volume and mass
4.2.1 Slurry volume
4.2.1.1 General
Determine the volume of unfoamed base cement slurry to be used. The total volume of unfoamed base
cement slurry shall include the volume of surfactant(s) to be added to the base cement slurry. The
surfactant(s) is(are) added after the initial mixing of the base cement slurry. The volume of unfoamed base
cement slurry with surfactants to be placed in the blending container can be calculated by one of two methods
(see 4.2.1.2 and 4.2.1.3).
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SIST EN ISO 10426-4:2005
ISO 10426-4:2004(E)
4.2.1.2 Known gas content
When it is desired to foam a slurry with a specific volume fraction of gas per volume of slurry (foam quality),
the resultant density of the foamed cement slurry must be determined. This can be calculated by:
100 − ϕ

g
ρρ=× (3)

fs ufss

100

where
ρ is the density of the foamed cement slurry, expressed in kilograms per cubic metre (pounds-mass

fs
per gallon);
ϕ is the volume fraction of gas in the final foamed cement slurry, expressed as a percent;
g
ρ is the density of the unfoamed base cement slurry with surfactant(s), expressed in kilograms per
ufss
cubic metre (pounds-mass per gallon).
4.2.1.3 Known foamed cement slurry density
When the desired density of the foamed cement slurry is known [or after calculating it with Equation (3)],
determine the mass, in grams, of cement slurry including surfactant(s) to be placed into the blending container
to prepare the foamed cement slurry. The mass of unfoamed base cement slurry with surfactant(s) can be
calculated by:
mV=× ρ
ufss mc fs
(4)
where
m is the mass of unfoamed base cement slurry with surfactant(s) to be placed in the blending
ufss
container, expressed in grams;
V is the blending container volume, expressed in cubic centimetres;
mc
ρ is the desired density of the foamed cement slurry, expressed in grams per cubic centimetre.

fs
4.2.2 Surfactant(s) and slurry mass
The masses of surfactant(s) and unfoamed base cement slurry required for testing are found using Equations
(5) and (6).
The mass of surfactant(s) to be placed into the mixer with the unfoamed base cement slurry is determined as
follows:
w
s
mm=× (5)
sufss
100
where
m is the mass of surfactant(s), expressed in grams;
s
m is the mass of unfoamed base cement slurry with surfactant(s), expressed in grams;
ufss
w is the mass fraction of surfactant, expressed as a percent.
s
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SIST EN ISO 10426-4:2005
ISO 10426-4:2004(E)
The mass of base cement slurry is determined as follows:
mm=−m (6)
ufs ufss s

where
m is the mass of unfoamed base cement slurry without surfactant(s), expressed in grams;
ufs
m is the mass of unfoamed base cement slurry with surfactant(s), expressed in grams;
ufss
m is the mass of surfactant(s) to be added to the unfoamed base cement slurry, expressed in grams.
s
NOTE The percentage contribution of each material by mass was determined in 4.1.
4.2.3 Additional calculations
If the density of the foamed cement slurry is known, the volume fraction (percent) of gas can be calculated by:
ρρ−
ufss fs
ϕ=×100 (7)
g
ρ
ufss
where
ϕ is the volume fraction of gas in final foamed cement slurry, expressed as a percent;
g
ρ is the density of the unfoamed base cement slurry with surfactant(s), expressed in kilograms per
ufss
cubic metre;
ρ is the density of the foamed cement slurry, expressed in kilograms per cubic metre.
fs
The volume of unfoamed base cement slurry can be calculated by:
V ×ϕ
mc g
VV=− (8)
us mc
100
where
V is the unfoamed base cement slurry volume, expressed in cubic centimetres;
us
V is the blending container volume, expressed in cubic centimetres;
mc
ϕ is the volume fraction of gas in final foamed cement slurry, expressed as a percent.
g
The mass of unfoamed base cement slurry can be calculated by:
mV=× ρ (9)
ufss us ufss
where
m is the mass of unfoamed base cement slurry with surfactant(s), expressed in grams;
ufss
V is the unfoamed base cement slurry volume, expressed in cubic centimetres;
us
ρ is the density of the unfoamed base cement slurry with surfactant, expressed in grams per cubic
ufss
centimetre.
3 3
NOTE The density terms contained in Equations (7) and (9) can be expressed in units of kg/m or g/cm .
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SIST EN ISO 10426-4:2005
ISO 10426-4:2004(E)
5 Apparatus
5.1 Blending container, with a lid that seals, for preparing foamed cement slurry at atmospheric pressure
in the laboratory (see Figure 1).
The blending container is similar to that used for standard slurry preparation, except it has a threaded cap with
an O-ring seal. The cap has a small hole [± 19 mm (± 0,75 in) diameter] in the centre fitted with a removable
plug with a vent hole. A conventional blending container that does not have a seal cannot be used for these
tests.
5.2 Mixing blade assembly, either a single mixing blade as supplied by the manufacturer, or a multiple
stacked-blade assembly.
Testing to date has not identified a significant difference in slurries mixed with the two different blade
assemblies using the sealed blending container.
5.2.1 Single blade assembly, in accordance with ISO 10426-2:2003, Clause 5.
5.2.2 Multi-blade (stacked-blade) assembly, constructed of a series of assemblies, each blade in
accordance with ISO 10426-2:2003, Clause 5 (see Figure 1).
The assembly consists of five standard blades attached to a central shaft, and spaced equally along the shaft.

Figure 1 — Blending container
...