SIST EN ISO 11850:2012

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 11850:2012
01-februar-2012
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 14861:2004+A1:2010
Gozdarski stroji - Splošne varnostne zahteve (ISO 11850:2011)
Machinery for forestry - General safety requirements (ISO 11850:2011)
Forstmaschinen - Generelle Sicherheitsanforderungen (ISO 11850:2011)
Matériel forestier - Exigences de sécurité générales (ISO 11850:2011)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 11850:2011
ICS:
65.060.80 Gozdarska oprema Forestry equipment
SIST EN ISO 11850:2012 en,fr
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 11850:2012

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SIST EN ISO 11850:2012


EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 11850

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2011
ICS 65.060.80 Supersedes EN 14861:2004+A1:2009
English Version
Machinery for forestry - General safety requirements (ISO
11850:2011)
Matériel forestier - Exigences de sécurité générales (ISO Forstmaschinen - Generelle Sicherheitsanforderungen (ISO
11850:2011) 11850:2011)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 October 2011.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 11850:2011: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN ISO 11850:2012
EN ISO 11850:2011 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC .4

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SIST EN ISO 11850:2012
EN ISO 11850:2011 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 11850:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23 "Tractors and
machinery for agriculture and forestry" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 144 “Tractors and
machinery for agriculture and forestry” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
latest by May 2012.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 14861:2004+A1:2009.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive.
For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 11850:2011 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 11850:2011 without any modification.

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SIST EN ISO 11850:2012
EN ISO 11850:2011 (E)
Annex ZA
(informative)

Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association to provide one means of conforming to Essential Requirements of
the New Approach Directive 2006/42/EC on machinery.
Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive and has been
implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of
this standard confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the
relevant Essential Requirements of that Directive, except Essential Requirement 1.7.4.2 u), and associated
EFTA regulations.
NOTE The variation in the design of particular machines, particularly with regard to the equipment used with them,
means that they may have significant hazards in addition to those covered by this standard. The manufacturer is
responsible for identifying these hazards and providing suitable protective measures.
WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the products falling
within the scope of this standard.

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SIST EN ISO 11850:2012

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 11850
Third edition
2011-11-15


Machinery for forestry — General safety
requirements
Matériel forestier — Exigences de sécurité générales





Reference number
ISO 11850:2011(E)
©
ISO 2011

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SIST EN ISO 11850:2012
ISO 11850:2011(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT


©  ISO 2011
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56  CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland

ii © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 11850:2012
ISO 11850:2011(E)
Contents Page
Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
1  Scope . 1
2  Normative references . 1
3  Terms and definitions . 3
4  Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 3
4.1  General . 3
4.2  Safety distances, guards, shields . 4
4.3  Operator station . 4
4.4  Access to operator's station and maintenance locations . 6
4.5  Controls . 7
4.6  Visibility . 9
4.7  Lighting. 10
4.8  Braking systems . 10
4.9  Steering systems . 10
4.10  Retrieval, tie-down and machine-lifting devices . 10
4.11  Stability . 11
4.12  Automatic processing systems . 11
4.13  Electromagnetic compatibility . 11
4.14  Fire risks . 11
4.15  Noise . 12
4.16  Vibration . 12
4.17  Storage places . 13
4.18  Maintenance . 13
4.19  Winches . 13
4.20  Hydraulic systems . 13
5  Information for use . 13
5.1  Operator's manual . 13
5.2  Marking . 15
5.3  Safety signs . 16
Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards . 17
Bibliography . 18

© ISO 2011 – All rights reserved iii

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SIST EN ISO 11850:2012
ISO 11850:2011(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 11850 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 23, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and
forestry, Subcommittee SC 15, Machinery for forestry.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 11850:2003), which has been technically
revised.
iv © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 11850:2012
ISO 11850:2011(E)
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are
covered are indicated in the Scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or B standards,
the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other standards for
machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C standard.

© ISO 2011 – All rights reserved v

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SIST EN ISO 11850:2012

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SIST EN ISO 11850:2012
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11850:2011(E)

Machinery for forestry — General safety requirements
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies general safety requirements for self-propelled forestry machines and
machines configured as forestry machines. It deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and
events common to fellers, bunchers, delimbers, forwarders, log loaders, skidders, processors, harvesters,
mulchers and multi-function versions of these machine types, as defined in ISO 6814, when used as intended
and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer.
It does not deal with hazards specific to individual machines, such as those related to specific attachments,
and therefore its use will not alone be sufficient to address all significant hazards for a majority of the
machines it covers.
It does not deal with hazards related to chain shot, chain breakage on the upper side of the bar, lifting
operation, remote control operation, the need for work lights or road safety. For vibration measurement, the
test setup and work cycles are not dealt with; nor is the verification method for noise measurement addressed.
It is not applicable to hazards related to maintenance or repairs carried out by professional service personnel.
The list of significant hazards dealt with is given in Annex A.
This International Standard is not applicable to machines manufactured before its date of publication.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 2631-1, Mechanical vibration and shock — Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration —
Part 1: General requirements
ISO 2860, Earth-moving machinery — Minimum access dimensions
ISO 2867:2011, Earth-moving machinery — Access systems
ISO 3411:2007, Earth-moving machinery — Physical dimensions of operators and minimum operator space
envelope
ISO 3450, Earth-moving machinery — Wheeled or high-speed rubber-tracked machines — Performance
requirements and test procedures for brake systems
ISO 3457, Earth-moving machinery — Guards — Definitions and requirements
ISO 3600, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment —
Operator's manuals — Content and presentation
ISO 3767-1, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment —
Symbols for operator controls and other displays — Part 1: Common symbols
© ISO 2011 – All rights reserved 1

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SIST EN ISO 11850:2012
ISO 11850:2011(E)
ISO 3767-4, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment —
Symbols for operator controls and other displays — Part 4: Symbols for forestry machinery
ISO 3795, Road vehicles, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Determination of burning
behaviour of interior materials
ISO 4413, Hydraulic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components
ISO 5010, Earth-moving machinery — Rubber-tyred machines — Steering requirements
ISO 5349-2, Mechanical vibration — Measurement and evaluation of human exposure to hand-transmitted
vibration — Part 2: Practical guidance for measurement at the workplace
ISO 6682, Earth-moving machinery — Zones of comfort and reach for controls
ISO 6683, Earth-moving machinery — Seat belts and seat belt anchorages — Performance requirements and
tests
ISO 6405-1, Earth-moving machinery — Symbols for operator controls and other displays — Part 1: Common
symbols
ISO 6750, Earth-moving machinery — Operator's manual — Content and format
ISO 6814, Machinery for forestry — Mobile and self-propelled machinery — Terms, definitions and
classification
ISO 8082-1, Self-propelled machinery for forestry –– Laboratory tests and performance requirements for
roll-over protective structures — Part 1: General machines
ISO 8082-2, Self-propelled machinery for forestry — Laboratory tests and performance requirements for
roll-over protective structures — Part 2: Machines having a rotating platform with cab and boom on the
platform
ISO 8083:2006, Machinery for forestry — Falling-object protective structures (FOPS) — Laboratory tests and
performance requirements
ISO 8084:2003, Machinery for forestry — Operator protective structures — Laboratory tests and performance
requirements
ISO 9533, Earth-moving machinery — Machine-mounted audible travel alarms and forward horns — Test
methods and performance criteria
ISO 10263-4, Earth-moving machinery — Operator enclosure environment — Part 4: Heating, ventilating and
air conditioning (HVAC) test method and performance
ISO 10263-5:2009, Earth-moving machinery — Operator enclosure environment — Part 5: Windscreen
defrosting system test method
ISO 10265:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Crawler machines — Performance requirements and test
procedures for braking systems
ISO 10532, Earth-moving machinery — Machine-mounted retrieval device — Performance requirements
ISO 10533, Earth-moving machinery — Lift-arm support devices
ISO 10570, Earth-moving machinery — Articulated frame lock — Performance requirements
2 © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 11850:2012
ISO 11850:2011(E)
ISO 11112, Earth-moving machinery — Operator's seat — Dimensions and requirements
ISO 11169, Machinery for forestry — Wheeled special machines — Vocabulary, performance test methods
and criteria for brake systems
ISO 11512, Machinery for forestry — Tracked special machines — Performance criteria for brake systems
ISO 11837, Machinery for forestry — Saw chain shot guarding systems — Test method and performance
criteria
ISO 11839, Machinery for forestry — Glazing and panel materials used in operator enclosures for protection
against thrown sawteeth — Test method and performance criteria
ISO 12100, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction
ISO 13849-1, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for
design
ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper
and lower limbs
ISO 14269-2, Tractors and self-propelled machines for agriculture and forestry — Operator enclosure
environment — Part 2: Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning test method and performance
ISO 14982, Agricultural and forestry machinery — Electromagnetic compatibility — Test methods and
acceptance criteria
ISO 15818, Earth-moving machinery — Lifting and tying-down attachment points — Performance requirements
ISO 15998:2008, Earth-moving machinery — Machine-control systems (MCS) using electronic components —
Performance criteria and tests for functional safety
ISO 19472:2006, Machinery for forestry — Winches — Dimensions, performance and safety
EN 779:2002, Particulate air filters for general ventilation — Determination of the filtration performance
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12100 and ISO 6814 apply.
4 Safety requirements and/or protective measures
4.1 General
Machinery shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause. The machine
shall also be marked in accordance with 5.2 and carry safety signs in accordance with 5.3.
In addition, the machine shall be designed in accordance with the principles of ISO 12100 for relevant but not
significant hazards which are not dealt with by this document.
The operator's manual to be provided with the machine shall comply with 5.1.
Verification of conformity shall be by inspection.
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SIST EN ISO 11850:2012
ISO 11850:2011(E)
4.2 Safety distances, guards, shields
Unless otherwise specified in this International Standard, safety distances shall comply with the requirements
of ISO 13857, with the exception of ISO 13857:2008, 4.2.4.2. Guards and shields, including thermal guards,
shall be in accordance with ISO 3457, except that fasteners which retain fixed guards and shields in position
shall be attached either to the guard or the machine.
Verification of conformity shall be by measurement.
4.3 Operator station
4.3.1 Operator space envelope
The design and arrangement of the operator station shall be such as to allow the operator to perform all
normal operations at each operating position without equipment or working attachments infringing on the
operator space envelope, as defined in ISO 3411:2007, Clause 5, or on the space required for the operation
of controls, see 4.5.
Verification of conformity shall be by inspection and measurement.
4.3.2 Structures for operator protection
4.3.2.1 Falling object protective structure (FOPS)
All machines shall be equipped with a FOPS tested to the 11 600 J energy level specified in ISO 8083:2006, 4.3.
Verification of conformity shall be by testing in accordance with ISO 8083.
4.3.2.2 Roll-over protective structure (ROPS)
All applicable machines within the scope of ISO 8082-1 and ISO 8082-2 shall be equipped with a ROPS
meeting the requirements of ISO 8082-1 or ISO 8082-2, as applicable.
Verification of conformity shall be by testing in accordance with ISO 8082-1 or ISO 8082-2, as appropriate.
4.3.2.3 Operator protective structure (OPS)
All applicable machines within the scope of ISO 8084 shall have an OPS in accordance with ISO 8084,
including the constructional requirements of ISO 8084:2003, 5.2.
A device or devices intended to deflect saplings and branches by geometry, position and strength shall be
installed on skidders ahead of or behind the operator's station, as appropriate.
The operator shall be protected from hazards caused by flying part(s) of failed saw chains or saw teeth by
means of polycarbonate or equivalent glazing, or other appropriate guards or shields, or both.
All machines equipped with a circular saw head shall have operator protection in accordance with ISO 11839.
All machines equipped with a chain saw cutting system shall have a saw chain shot guarding system in
accordance with ISO 11837.
For machines fitted with a front- or rear-mounted winch, the OPS protection shall cover at least any window
opening on machines fitted with a cab and any opening as applicable for machines with a canopy.
Verification of conformity shall be carried out by checking for conformance with ISO 8084, ISO 11837 or
ISO 11839, as appropriate.
4 © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 11850:2012
ISO 11850:2011(E)
4.3.2.4 Load bunk headboard
The load bunk of all tree and log transporting machines shall be equipped with a headboard capable of
withstanding a force of 35 000 N applied at any point perpendicular to the face of the load bunk headboard
structure. The structure shall provide protection of the cab with the machine in an inline position and the
operator station in its load transport position. The test force shall be applied to the structure through a steel
plate of diameter 200 mm or 200 mm  200 mm square, with edges rounded to R 13. The plate shall be
placed on as few bars of the headboard as possible. Permanent deformation shall be a maximum of 100 mm.
A 100 mm diameter straight timber test piece shall not pass through the load bunk headboard when applied
with a force of a maximum of 100 N.
The headboard shall be located between the load and the operator's station, and its height in the load
transport position shall be greater than or equal to the height of the operator station. The headboard width
shall be no less than the width across the inside of the stakes in their widest position, minus 50 mm max. at
each side.
Verification of conformity shall be by inspection, test and measurement.
4.3.2.5 Fumes, spillage, hose guards and sharp edges
A person in the operator station shall be protected as follows.
a) Engine exhaust and harmful gases from heating systems shall be directed away from the operator's
station, including any of its air intakes.
b) Fuel and other fluid fillers shall be located outside the operator's station. The design, sealing and location
of these fillers shall be chosen to minimize the potential for spillage into the operator's station. Tanks shall
have means for safely relieving internal pressure before opening or when being opened.
c) Battery location or locations shall be within easy access and shall minimize the potential of fumes and
acid entering the operator's station, even in the event of the machine overturning. Batteries shall have
provisions for easy handling.
d) Pressurized hoses, pipes and components shall be located or shielded so that in the event of rupture, the
fluid cannot be discharged directly onto the operator in the operating position. This also applies to all
operating positions for movable shields (e.g. doors or windows) designed to be open during machine
operation.
e) Structural edges and corners of metallic or non-metallic materials of hardness sufficient to cause
contusions or penetration of the human skin shall meet the following requirements:
 external corners, such as those on cab or service doors, and pointed objects shall have a minimum
radius of 4 mm;
 grab-handles and edges/corners of handholds shall have a minimum radius of 5 mm.
Verification of conformity shall be by inspection and measurement.
4.3.2.6 Operator environment
If a closed cab is provided, the cab shall be equipped with heating and ventilation systems in accordance with
ISO 14269-2 or ISO 10263-4.
The cab shall also be equipped with a filtration system with inlet air filter(s) of at least class F7 in accordance
with EN 779:2002 or equivalent. The inlet air filter(s) shall be serviceable from inside the cab or from a service
platform. If the intake air filter(s) are located before the fan, the system between the filter and fan shall be free
from leakage.
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SIST EN ISO 11850:2012
ISO 11850:2011(E)
Information on service, maintenance and filter replacement shall be included in the operator's manual.
Verification of conformity shall be by checking for conformance with ISO 14269-2 or ISO 10263-4 and with
EN 779, as appropriate, and by inspection.
4.3.3 Seat
Machines shall be fitted with a seat in accordance with ISO 11112 that positions the operator for ergonomic
and stable operation of the machine controls.
A minimum of 25 mm clearance between the seat and fixed objects that could cause pinching shall be
maintained when adjus
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