SIST-TP CEN/TR 13387-3:2015

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TP CEN/TR 13387-3:2015
01-september-2015
1DGRPHãþD
SIST-TP CEN/TR 13387:2005
Izdelki za otroke - Smernice o splošni varnosti - Nevarnosti zaradi mehanskih
lastnosti
Child use and care articles - General safety guidelines - Mechanical hazards
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TR 13387-3:2015
ICS:
97.190 Otroška oprema Equipment for children
SIST-TP CEN/TR 13387-3:2015 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST-TP CEN/TR 13387-3:2015

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SIST-TP CEN/TR 13387-3:2015

TECHNICAL REPORT
CEN/TR 13387-3

RAPPORT TECHNIQUE

TECHNISCHER BERICHT
July 2015
ICS 97.190 Supersedes CEN/TR 13387:2004
English Version
Child use and care articles - General safety guidelines -
Mechanical hazards



This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 8 December 2014. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 252.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 13387-3:2015 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST-TP CEN/TR 13387-3:2015
CEN/TR 13387-3:2015 (E)
Contents Page

European foreword .5
1 Scope .6
2 Mechanical hazards - Safety philosophy .6
3 Terms and definitions .6
4 Accessibility of mechanical hazards .6
4.1 General .6
4.2 Accessibility areas .7
4.3 Product information.8
5 Entrapment hazards .9
5.1 Introduction .9
5.2 Entrapment of head and neck . 10
5.2.1 Rationale . 10
5.2.2 Terms and definitions related to entrapment hazards . 11
5.3 Requirements . 12
5.4 Test equipment . 12
5.4.1 Probe philosophy. 12
5.4.2 Hip probe . 12
5.4.3 Small head probe . 13
5.4.4 Large head probe . 14
5.4.5 Template for partially bound and V shaped openings . 15
5.4.6 Selection and use of probes . 16
5.5 Test methodology . 17
5.5.1 Feet first openings . 17
5.5.2 Head first openings . 17
5.5.3 Partially bound, V and irregular shaped openings . 17
5.6 Entrapment of fingers . 19
5.6.1 Rationale . 19
5.6.2 Requirements . 20
5.6.3 Test equipment . 20
5.6.4 Test Methodology . 21
5.7 Rationale for entrapment of limbs, feet and hands . 21
6 Hazards from moving parts . 22
6.1 Rationale . 22
6.2 General . 22
6.3 Shearing hazards . 22
6.3.1 Requirements . 22
6.3.2 Test equipment . 23
6.3.3 Test method . 23
6.4 Requirements for crushing hazards . 23
7 Hazards with products designed to fold for storage and transportation. . 23
7.1 Rationale . 23
7.2 Terms and definitions related to hazards with products designed to fold . 23
7.3 Requirements . 24
7.3.1 General . 24
7.3.2 Unintentional release of locking mechanisms . 24
7.3.3 Test methodology . 24
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8 Hazards related to attachment mechanisms and opening and closing systems . 24
8.1 Rationale. 24
8.2 Requirement . 25
8.3 Test methodology . 25
9 Entanglement hazards . 25
9.1 Snagging hazards . 25
9.1.1 Rationale. 25
9.1.2 Requirements . 25
9.1.3 Test Equipment . 25
9.1.4 Test Methodology for loop and mass . 27
9.2 Cords, ribbons and parts used as ties . 28
9.2.1 Rationale. 28
9.2.2 Requirements . 28
9.2.3 Test methodology . 29
9.3 Loops . 29
9.3.1 Rationale. 29
9.3.2 Requirements . 29
9.3.3 Test methodology . 29
10 Choking hazards . 30
10.1 Introduction . 30
10.2 Hazard due to small components . 30
10.2.1 Rationale. 30
10.2.2 Requirements . 30
10.2.3 Test equipment (also used in 11.2.3) . 31
10.2.4 Test methodology (also in 11.2.4) . 33
10.3 Accessibility of filling materials . 34
10.3.1 Rationale. 34
10.3.2 Requirement . 34
10.3.3 Test equipment . 34
10.3.4 Test methodology . 35
10.4 Airway obstruction . 36
10.4.1 Rationale. 36
10.4.2 Protective mechanisms of the airway . 38
10.4.3 Requirements . 38
10.4.4 Test equipment . 38
10.4.5 Test methodology . 39
11 Suffocation hazards . 39
11.1 Introduction . 39
11.2 Plastic decals and sheeting . 40
11.2.1 Rationale. 40
11.2.2 Requirements . 40
11.2.3 Determination of hazard . 40
11.2.4 Test equipment . 40
11.2.5 Test methodology . 41
11.3 Non air-permeable packaging . 41
11.3.1 Rationale. 41
11.3.2 Requirements - Packaging . 42
11.3.3 Test equipment . 42
11.3.4 Test methodology . 42
12 Ingestion hazards . 42
12.1 Rationale. 42
12.2 Ingestion of small components . 43
12.2.1 Requirements . 43
12.2.2 Test equipment (Also used in 11.2.3) . 43
12.2.3 Test methodology . 45
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13 Hazardous edges and projections . 46
13.1 Introduction . 46
13.2 Edges . 46
13.2.1 Rationale . 46
13.2.2 Requirements - Edges on products and components . 46
13.2.3 Test methodology . 47
13.3 Rigid protruding parts . 47
13.3.1 Rationale . 47
13.3.2 Requirements . 47
13.3.3 Test methodology . 47
13.4 Points and wires . 47
13.4.1 Rationale . 47
13.4.2 Requirement . 47
14 Structural integrity . 47
14.1 Introduction . 47
14.2 Material suitability. 48
14.2.1 Rationale . 48
14.2.2 Requirements . 48
14.3 Strength and durability of the product . 49
14.3.1 Rationale . 49
14.3.2 Requirements . 49
14.3.3 Test methodology . 49
15 Protective function . 49
15.1 Introduction . 49
15.2 Barrier function . 49
15.2.1 Rationale . 49
15.2.2 Requirements . 50
15.2.3 Test equipment - Hip probe . 50
15.2.4 Test methodology . 51
15.3 Restraint systems . 51
15.3.1 Rationale . 51
15.3.2 Terms and definitions related to restraint systems . 52
15.3.3 Requirements . 52
15.3.4 Test equipment . 52
15.3.5 Test methodology . 53
15.4 Footholds . 54
15.4.1 Rationale . 54
15.4.2 Requirements . 54
15.4.3 Test equipment (Templates) . 55
15.4.4 Determination of a foothold . 55
15.4.5 Test methodology . 57
16 Hazard associated with stability . 59
16.1 Rationale . 59
16.2 General requirement . 59
Bibliography . 60


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SIST-TP CEN/TR 13387-3:2015
CEN/TR 13387-3:2015 (E)
European foreword
This document (CEN/TR 13387-3:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 252 “Child use
and care articles”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes CEN/TR 13387:2004.
CEN/TR 13387 comprises the following five parts:
— Part 1: Safety philosophy and safety assessment
— Part 2: Chemical hazards
— Part 3: Mechanical hazards
— Part 4: Thermal hazards
— Part 5: Product information
CEN/TR 13387-3 should be used in conjunction with CEN/TR 13387-1.
This new edition of this Technical Report is a hazard based Technical Report. In comparison with the previous
version, the main changes related to the section on Mechanical hazards are:
— Ageing and wear: Reworded;
— Accessibility of mechanical hazards: Reworded;
— Entrapment Hazards: Addition of a new finger probe and a hip probe;
— Hazards from moving parts: Moving parts separated into two main areas;
— Entanglement hazards: Improvement of the diagram for the ball and chain test; clarification of the clause
for “Cords, ribbons and parts used as ties;
— Suffocation hazards: Clarification of the clause for “Non air-permeable packaging”;
— Hazardous edges and projections: Drawings deleted;
— Protective function: Addition of a hip probe;
— Footholds: Reworded.
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1 Scope
This Technical Report provides guidance information on mechnical hazards that should be taken into
consideration when developing safety standards for child use and care articles. In addition, these guidelines
can assist those with a general professional interest in child safety.
2 Mechanical hazards - Safety philosophy
This clause addresses the most widely known mechanical hazards and is intended to provide guidance when
drafting standards for child use and care articles.
Anthropometric data and information on the abilities of children related to risks are given in Annex A of
CEN/TR 13387-1:2015. When using these data for setting requirements, adequate safety margins should be
considered. These data refer to static and not dynamic anthropometric data, therefore care should be taken if
using these data for anything other than static situations when drafting standards.
When drafting standards, conditions of use should be considered, bearing in mind the behaviour of children.
Also, it is to be considered whether the child is attended or unattended when using the product and also the
child’s access to hazardous features.
For each mechanical hazard a rationale is given, explaining the potential hazard to the child. Requirements,
test equipment and test methods are also given. Where appropriate, these can be used when drafting
standards.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions related to mechanical hazards apply.
3.1
mechanical hazards
physical factors which may give rise to injury due to the mechanical properties of products/product parts
3.2
reach envelopes
age related physical data on the reach limits of the limbs of children in different postures, see 4.2
3.3
ageing
change of properties of the material due to exposure to environmental factors such as temperature, humidity,
UV radiation, cleaning agents etc
3.4
mechanical wear
change of mechanical properties due to fatigue or repeated operation of devices, mechanisms and other parts
of the product
4 Accessibility of mechanical hazards
4.1 General
Within the mechanical section no reference is made to specific areas of access, known as access zones. It
would be wrong for this guidance document to specify exact areas of access as these should be determined in
relation to the hazards and risks of individual products and risks when drafting the standard. As a general
guidance to the types of contact associated with mechanical hazards, the following examples are given:
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— the hazardous part is in reach of the child from the intended position of use in particular by head, mouth,
hands or feet and there is a high probability for frequent, intensive and/or prolonged contact.
Requirements need to address this primary contact;
— the hazardous part may be reached by the child or any other child beyond the intended position of use.
The product is considered to remain in its intended position(s). Access to hazardous parts is gained by
passing/moving around the product or when proceeding to the intended position. The risk of harm
deriving from frequent, intensive and/or pro-longed contact may be less probable;
— the hazardous part exists, but cannot be reached by any child.
Irrespective of the access category, the reasonably foreseeable conditions of use should always be
considered when designing children‘s products and/or writing product standards.
4.2 Accessibility areas
Infor
...