oSIST prEN 13261:2023

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 13261:2023
01-april-2023
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 13261:2020
Železniške naprave - Kolesne dvojice in podstavni vozički - Osi - Zahtevane
lastnosti proizvoda
Railway applications - Wheelsets and bogies - Axles - Product requirements
Bahnanwendungen - Radsätze und Drehgestelle - Radsatzwellen -
Produktanforderungen
Applications ferroviaires - Essieux montés et bogies - Essieux-axes - Prescription pour le
produit
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 13261
ICS:
45.040 Materiali in deli za železniško Materials and components
tehniko for railway engineering
oSIST prEN 13261:2023 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN 13261:2023

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oSIST prEN 13261:2023


DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 13261
NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM

February 2023
ICS Will supersede EN 13261:2020
English Version

Railway applications - Wheelsets and bogies - Axles -
Product requirements
Applications ferroviaires - Essieux montés et bogies - Bahnanwendungen - Radsätze und Drehgestelle -
Essieux-axes - Prescription pour le produit Radsatzwellen - Produktanforderungen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 256.

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.


EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2023 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 13261:2023 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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oSIST prEN 13261:2023
prEN 13261:2023 (E)
Contents Page

European foreword . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 Product definition . 9
4.1 Chemical composition . 9
4.1.1 Values to be achieved . 9
4.1.2 Sampling methods . 9
4.1.3 Chemical analysis . 9
4.2 Mechanical characteristics . 10
4.2.1 Characteristics from the tensile test . 10
4.2.2 Impact test characteristics . 12
4.2.3 Fatigue characteristics . 14
4.3 Microstructure characteristics. 16
4.3.1 Values to be achieved . 16
4.3.2 Position of the test piece. 16
4.3.3 Test method . 16
4.4 Material cleanliness . 16
4.4.1 Micrographic cleanliness . 16
4.4.2 Internal integrity . 17
4.5 Permeability to ultrasound . 18
4.5.1 General . 18
4.5.2 Level to be achieved . 18
4.5.3 Test piece . 18
4.5.4 Test method . 18
4.6 Residual stresses . 19
4.6.1 General . 19
4.6.2 Values to be achieved . 19
4.6.3 Test piece and position of measurement points . 19
4.6.4 Measurement method . 19
4.7 Surface characteristics . 20
4.7.1 Surface finish . 20
4.7.2 Surface integrity . 22
4.8 Geometrical and dimensional tolerances. 23
4.9 Protection against corrosion and against mechanical aggression . 28
4.9.1 Final protection . 28
4.9.2 Temporary protection . 32
4.10 Marking . 32
5 Alternative manufacturing process . 33
6 Product qualification . 33
7 Conditions of supply . 33
Annex A (informative) Material sampling from axle journal extension . 34
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prEN 13261:2023 (E)
A.1 General . 34
A.2 Sampling method . 34
A.2.1 Extension of the same diameter as the journal diameter . 34
A.2.2 Extension with a larger diameter than the journal diameter . 34
A.3 Values to be achieved . 34
Annex B (informative) Drawings of test pieces . 36
Annex C (normative) Standard sample block for measurement of permeability to ultrasound . 40
C.1 Sample block . 40
C.2 Tolerances of the standard sample block . 42
C.3 Steel grade of the standard sample block . 42
Annex D (informative) Position of the measurement points for the permeability to ultrasound 43
Annex E (informative) Residual stress measurement with strain gauges with saw cutting . 44
Annex F (informative) Method for blasting after machining . 45
F.1 Blasting principle. 45
F.2 Requirements . 45
F.2.1 Blasting media . 45
F.2.2 Hardness . 45
F.2.3 Roughness . 45
F.2.4 Coverage rate . 45
F.2.5 Fatigue limit . 45
F.3 Parameters . 46
F.4 Blasting qualification process . 46
Annex G (normative) Method to assess resistance to impact of the coating . 47
G.1 Principle . 47
G.2 Test piece . 47
G.3 Apparatus . 47
G.4 Procedure . 47
G.5 Expression of results . 47
Annex H (normative) Method to assess resistance to gritting of the coating . 48
H.1 Principle . 48
H.2 Test piece . 48
H.3 Apparatus . 48
H.4 Procedure . 48
H.5 Expression of results . 48
Annex I (normative) Method to assess the resistance of the coating to specific corrosive products
. 49
I.1 Principle . 49
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prEN 13261:2023 (E)
I.2 Test piece . 49
I.3 Apparatus . 49
I.4 Corrosive products . 49
I.5 Procedure. 49
I.6 Expression of results . 50
Annex J (normative) Method to assess the resistance of the coating to cyclic mechanical stresses51
J.1 Purpose . 51
J.2 Principle . 51
J.3 Test piece . 51
J.4 Apparatus . 51
J.5 Procedure. 51
J.6 Expression of results . 52
Annex K (normative) Product qualification . 53
K.1 Introduction . 53
K.2 General . 53
K.3 Requirements . 55
K.3.1 Requirements to be fulfilled by the manufacturer . 55
K.3.2 Requirements to be met by the product . 55
K.4 Qualification procedure . 55
K.4.1 General . 55
K.4.2 Documentation required . 55
K.4.3 Assessment of manufacturing facilities and manufacturing process . 56
K.4.4 Laboratory tests . 56
K.5 Qualification validity . 57
K.5.1 Condition of validity . 57
K.5.2 Modification and extension . 57
K.5.3 Transference . 57
K.5.4 Lapsed certification . 57
K.5.5 Cancellation . 57
K.6 Qualification file . 57
Annex L (normative) Conditions of supply of the product . 58
L.1 Introduction . 58
L.2 General . 58
L.3 Delivery condition . 59
L.4 Controls on each axle . 59
L.5 Batch control . 59
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prEN 13261:2023 (E)
L.5.1 Controls . 59
L.5.2 Permeability to ultrasound . 60
L.5.3 Surface finish . 60
L.5.4 Visual examination. 61
L.6 Quality plan . 61
L.6.1 General . 61
L.6.2 Purpose . 61
L.6.3 Application of the quality plan . 61
L.7 Allowable rectification. 61
L.7.1 General . 61
L.7.2 Post heat treatment . 62
L.7.3 Repeat testing . 62
L.7.4 Straightening of axles . 62
L.7.5 Mechanical reworking . 62
Annex M (normative) Measurement of the hydrogen content in the steel for axles at the melting
stage . 63
M.1 General . 63
M.2 Sampling . 63
M.3 Analysis methods . 63
M.4 Precautions . 63
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of EU Directive (EU) 2016/797/EC aimed to be covered . 64
Bibliography . 67


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oSIST prEN 13261:2023
prEN 13261:2023 (E)
European foreword
This document (prEN 13261:2023) has been prepared by the CEN/TC 256 “Railway applications” Technical
Committee, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document will be submitted to the CEN enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 13261:2020.
This revision includes:
— an improved definition of the product groups submitted to qualification;
— improved requirements to assess product qualification after changes made in the manufacturing process;
— additional possibilities to carry out tests with axle journal extensions.
The informative annexes to this document provide additional guidance that is not mandatory but that helps to
understand or use the document.
The informative annexes may contain optional requirements. For example, a test method that is optional, or
presented as an example, may contain requirements, but it is not necessary to meet these requirements to be in
compliance with the document.
This document has been prepared under a Standardization Request given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s) /
Regulation(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s) / Regulation(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
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oSIST prEN 13261:2023
prEN 13261:2023 (E)
1 Scope
This document specifies the characteristics of axles for all heavy rail track gauges.
This document applies to heavy rail vehicles and applies, in principle, to other vehicles such as urban rail vehicles.
It defines characteristics of forged or rolled solid and hollow axles, made from vacuum-degassed steel grade
)
1 1) 1)
EA1N , EA1T and EA4T . For hollow axles, this document applies only to those that are manufactured by
machining of a hole in a forged or rolled solid axle.
The requirements defined in this document are applicable for cylindrical seats. Most of the requirements are also
applicable for axles with conical seats. Specific requirements for conical seats (e.g. geometrical dimensions of the
seats…) are defined in the technical specification.
Some characteristics are given as a function of a category 1 or of a category 2.
This document is applicable to axles that are designed in accordance with the requirements of
EN 13103-1:2017+A1:2022.
This document also permits variations of the material characteristics linked to alternative manufacturing
processes (e.g. cold rolling, shot blasting, thermal spraying, steel cleanliness, reduction ratio, improved material
properties from melting and heat treatment process, etc.).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the
latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 13103-1:2017+A1:2022, Railway applications — Wheelsets and bogies — Part 1: Design method for axles with
external journals
EN 22768-1:1993, General tolerances - Part 1: Tolerances for linear and angular dimensions without individual
tolerance indications (ISO 2768-1:1989)
EN ISO 22081:2021, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Geometrical tolerancing - General geometrical
specifications and general size specifications (ISO 22081:2021)
EN ISO 148-1:2016, Metallic materials — Charpy pendulum impact test — Part 1: Test method (ISO 148-1)
EN ISO 643:2020, Steels - Micrographic determination of the apparent grain size (ISO 643:2019, Corrected version
2020-03)
EN ISO 11997-1:2017, Paints and varnishes - Determination of resistance to cyclic corrosion conditions - Part 1:
Wet (salt fog)/dry/humid (ISO 11997-1:2017)
EN ISO 2409:2020, Paints and varnishes - Cross-cut test (ISO 2409:2020)
EN ISO 2808:2019, Paints and varnishes - Determination of film thickness (ISO 2808:2019)
EN ISO 4624:2016, Paints and varnishes - Pull-off test for adhesion (ISO 4624:2016)

1)
N for a normalized metallurgical condition
T for a quenched and tempered metallurgical condition
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oSIST prEN 13261:2023
prEN 13261:2023 (E)
EN ISO 6507-1:2018, Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test - Part 1: Test method (ISO 6507-1:2018)
EN ISO 6892-1:2019, Metallic mate
...