SIST-TP CEN/TR 16098:2011

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
kSIST-TP FprCEN/TR 16098:2010
01-julij-2010
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Construction products - Assessment of release of dangerous substances - Concept of
horizontal testing procedures in support of requirements under the CPD
Bewertung der Freisetzung von gefährlichen Substanzen aus Bauprodukten -
Evaluierung von horizontalen Ansätzen zur Bewertung der möglichen Freisetzung von
gefährlichen Substanzen aus Bauprodukten im Rahmen von Anforderungen aus der
Bauproduktenrichtlinie
Produits de construction - Evaluation de l'émission de substances dangereuses -
Concept des méthodes d'essai horizontales à l'appui des exigences de la DPC
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: FprCEN/TR 16098
ICS:
13.020.99 Drugi standardi v zvezi z Other standards related to
varstvom okolja environmental protection
91.100.01 Gradbeni materiali na Construction materials in
splošno general
kSIST-TP FprCEN/TR 16098:2010 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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kSIST-TP FprCEN/TR 16098:2010

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kSIST-TP FprCEN/TR 16098:2010


TECHNICAL REPORT
FINAL DRAFT
FprCEN/TR 16098
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE

TECHNISCHER BERICHT

May 2010
ICS 13.020.99; 91.100.01
English Version
Construction products: Assessment of release of dangerous
substances - Concept of horizontal testing procedures in support
of requirements under the CPD
Produits de construction - Evaluation de l'émission de Bewertung der Freisetzung von gefährlichen Substanzen
substances dangereuses - Concept des méthodes d'essai aus Bauprodukten - Evaluierung von horizontalen Ansätzen
horizontales à l'appui des exigences de la DPC zur Bewertung der möglichen Freisetzung von gefährlichen
Substanzen aus Bauprodukten im Rahmen von
Anforderungen aus der Bauproduktenrichtlinie


This draft Technical Report is submitted to CEN members for Technical Committee Approval. It has been drawn up by the Technical
Committee CEN/TC 351.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.



Warning : This document is not a Technical Report. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a Technical Report.


EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. FprCEN/TR 16098:2010: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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Contents Page
Foreword . 3
1 Scope. 5
2 List of abbreviations . 5
3 Horizontal release/emission test procedures for the CPD: an overview . 6
3.1 Introduction . 6
3.2 Recommendations on testing procedures . 8
3.2.1 Release/emission tests. 8
3.2.2 Relevant products . 9
3.2.3 Clusters of products . 10
3.2.4 Measurement of content of dangerous substances . 10
3.2.5 Test programme . 11
3.3 Recommendations regarding the implementation of testing procedures . 13
3.3.1 Horizontal standards . 13
3.3.2 Adaptations for specific products . 13
3.3.3 Intended conditions of use . 14
3.3.4 Implementation of tests for dangerous substances in product specifications. 15
3.3.5 Co-operation between CEN/TC 351 and product TCs . 16
3.3.6 Compatibility of testing schemes with existing AoC methods . 16
4 Horizontal release/emission tests established by CEN/TC 351 – Background for
methodology of horizontal leaching tests to determine the release of dangerous
substances from construction products to soil, surface water and ground water . 17
4.1 Introduction and background . 17
4.2 Common release mechanisms and factors that control release . 17
4.3 Selection of the appropriate test methods . 18
4.3.1 General . 18
4.3.2 Principle of the dynamic surface leaching test (TS-2) . 22
4.3.3 Principle of the percolation test (TS-3) . 22
4.3.4 Principle of the metal plate test . 23
4.4 Release scenarios . 23
4.5 Conclusion . 24
5 Horizontal release/emission tests recommended by CEN/TC 351 – Background for
methodology of horizontal chamber tests to determine the emissions of
dangerous substances from construction products into indoor air . 25
5.1 Introduction and background . 25
5.2 Principles . 26
5.2.1 From product sample to test specimen . 26
5.2.2 Reference room and loading factor . 27
5.2.3 Test chamber operation . 27
5.2.4 Air sampling and analysis . 28
5.2.5 'Indirect' methods . 29
5.3 Conclusion . 29
6 Summary and general conclusions . 29
Annex A  Product mandates and related CEN/TCs and EOTA WGs . 31
Bibliography . 37

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Foreword
This document (FprCEN/TR 16098:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 351
'Construction products: Assessment of release of dangerous substances', the secretariat of which is
held by NEN.
This document is currently submitted to the TC Approval Procedure.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and
the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
The European Construction Products Directive (CPD) [1] enables the free trade of construction
products that are fit for their intended use on the Single European Market. In addition to the
requirements traditionally embedded in construction law, such as stability, fire protection and safety in
use, it specifically refers to hygiene, health and the environment (Essential Requirement No. 3,
'ER 3'). To implement ER 3, at the beginning of the year 2005, the European commission issued
Mandate M/366 'Development of horizontal standardised approaches relating to dangerous
substances under the Construction Products Directive – emissions to indoor air, soil, surface water
and groundwater'. The mandate envisages the development of horizontal test and assessment
methods by the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN), while the specific requirements for
construction products will still be defined nationally by the individual Member States.
1)
This report has been drafted under the work item 'Technical Report 2 (TR 2) of the Business plan of
2)
CEN/TC 351 in response to Mandate M/366 . This report describes a horizontal approach, which
can be applied to testing any substances and construction products covered by the Construction
Products Directive (CPD). It is anticipated that the methods and procedures described in the report
will also fit into the requirements of the future Construction Products Regulation [2], although this
3)
issue is outside the scope of this report .
To assess the feasibility of a common horizontal approach for testing emissions from construction
products, the report investigates in general terms the range of construction products covered by the
CPD, their intended uses, the state of the art of the relevant test procedures, and the report also
makes proposals on how to fit this knowledge into a testing structure. This report addresses release of
regulated dangerous substances to soil, surface water and groundwater (excluding drinking water as
it is addressed elsewhere) and emission of regulated dangerous substances into indoor air. It takes
into account relevant information that had become available by the end of 2009 through the activities
in the working groups and task groups of CEN/TC 351 as well as the guidance provided by the
European Commission.
This document is intended to present to a wider public, including the product TCs, the EC and the
SCC, a general overview of the results achieved so far in CEN/TC 351 concerning horizontal testing
for ER3 and the context of this work under M/366. The document describes broadly, how ER3 can be
implemented under the CPD in future. Background information to this Technical Report is given in a

1) See CEN/TC 351 N 0026 and N 0022 (available in Internet under:
http://www2.nen.nl/cmsprod/groups/public/documents/bestand/223307.pdf).
2) See CEN/TC 351 N 004.
rev
3) See RESOLUTION 73 taken by CEN/TC 351 (CEN/TC 351 N 0151 ).
Subject: Scope of CEN/TC 351 work in relation to CPD.
CEN/TC 351 thanks the European Commission for confirmation that the scope of the CEN/TC 351 work
programme should only cover the existing CPD and the in-use phase of construction products.
The decision was taken by unanimity.
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reference [4]. Another Technical Report (TR 4, WI 00351004) commissioned under M/366 will give
more detailed guidance for the selection and integration of the recommended horizontal product
testing protocols on dangerous substances into hEN and ETAs. At the moment not all details of the
implementation concept have been addressed yet in CEN/TC 351. The remaining questions can only
be successfully addressed after the validation stage.
In cases where in the text reference is made to ‘Product TCs’, also EOTA WG’s are meant where
appropriate.
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1 Scope
This Technical Report (TR), taking into account the state of the art in the Member States, identifies
the role of testing in the assessment of construction products in view of possible emissions and
makes recommendations on the testing procedures. The TR reviews in accordance with the
experience already gained, the basis for deciding whether or not the use of horizontal test method
standards for construction products is practicable and/or necessary in order to implement obligations
arising from the Construction Products Directive (CPD).
The time limit for all information CEN/TC 351/TG 2 has been able to consider is set to be
31 December 2009.
The TR provides recommendations for complete testing procedures in the overall framework of the
CPD according to the methods for the Attestation of Conformity (AoC).
2 List of abbreviations
In addition to the terms and definitions listed in CEN/TC 351 N 0218 (under development), in this
CEN/TR the following abbreviations are used.
AoC Attestation of Conformity
CEN Comité Européen de Normalisation (European Standardization Organisation)
CEN/TC Technical Committee of CEN
CPD Construction Products Directive
DNPH 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine
ER 3 Essential Requirement 3 'Hygiene, health and the Environment' of the CPD
ETA European Technical Approval
ETAG European Technical Approval Guideline
FPC Factory Production Control
hEN harmonized European Standard
ID Interpretative Document
ITT Initial Type Testing
L/A Liquid (volume) to Area (surface) Ratio
L/S Liquid (volume) to Solid (mass) Ratio
NPD No Performance Determined
SVOC Semi Volatile Organic Compounds
TVOC Total Volatile Organic Compounds
VOC Volatile Organic Compounds
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VVOC Very Volatile Organic Compounds
3 Horizontal release/emission test procedures for the CPD: an overview
NOTE The report has been prepared taking the following guidance into account:
 Mandate M/366 asks for measurement/test methods that have, whenever possible, a horizontal character
applicable to one or several relevant families of construction products.
 The requests of CEN/TC 351(Res.110, Helsinki meeting) have been granted all the attention they were
entitled to.
 CEN/TC 351/TG 2 asked experts from CEN/TC 351/WG 1 and CEN/TC 351/WG 2 to give input for this TR.
This input, which was pre-consulted in the respective WG per correspondence, has been incorporated in the
present document.
 The time limit for all information CEN/TC 351/TG 2 has been able to consider is set to be 31 December 2009.
In the WGs of CEN/TC 351 work is still in progress. Discussion on certain matters is still evolving.
 The ongoing activities In the WGs of CEN/TC 351 however do not influence the scope of the present TR, i.e.
to give a more general picture.
3.1 Introduction
This TR covers the points included in the TR 2-description in the CEN/TC 351 Business plan and its
4)
Work Programme in response to mandate M/366 , taking into account the specifications given in the
5)
Mandate 366 to CEN . The main points from this assignment can be summarized as:

4) This Technical Report (TR), taking into account the state of the art in the Member States, identifies the role of
testing in the assessment of construction products in view of possible emissions and makes recommendations on
the testing procedures. The TR reviews in accordance with the experience already gained, the basis for deciding
whether or not the use of horizontal test method standards for construction products is practicable and/or
necessary in the sense of article 7.2 of the Construction Products Directive, and the Guidance Papers, in
particular Guidance Papers H and M.
The Technical Report also recommends how harmonized technical specifications (e.g. harmonized product
standards) should address the subject of regulated dangerous substances. The TR also recommends how the
expertise of product Technical Committees and EOTA Working Groups can be used when drafting the horizontal
test method standards. The TR provides recommendations for complete testing procedures in the overall
framework according to the methods for the Attestation of Conformity.
5) Taking into account the state of the art in the Member States, recommendations shall be elaborated for the
testing procedures. The testing procedure shall address the following questions: 1) For which products are
measurement/test schemes relevant in regard to indoor air, soil surface water or groundwater? 2) How to define
clusters of products that behave similarly in release tests (release scenario)? 3) For which substances or
products is the measurement/test of the content relevant? 4) How to combine individual measurement and test
methods to an appropriate test programme to allow the determination of the relevant properties and to allow the
assessment of the results.
This Technical Report shall review in accordance with the experience already gained the basis for deciding
whether or not the use of horizontal standards for construction products is practicable and/or necessary in the
sense of the CPD art. 7.2. The report shall include the mechanism by which required amendments of horizontal
standards or in special cases vertical standards are identified for specific products or product families. In
particular it shall identify the procedures and limitations for amending horizontal standards and describe the
justification process for vertical standards. Attention shall be given to the intended conditions of use as well as to
the required specific conditions of use for certain products especially in the definition of the testing conditions in
order to allow for an adequate assessment.
The report shall also recommend how harmonized technical specifications should address the subject of
regulated dangerous substances, and how the measurements of emission of regulated dangerous substances
are included in its testing programme. The report shall also recommend how the expertise of product Technical
Committees can be used adequately when drafting the horizontal test standards. Recommendations shall be
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a) Recommendations on testing procedures (3.2):
1) The role of release/emission tests in the assessment of products and recommendations of
test methods (3.2.1);
2) Identification of products for measurement/test schemes relevant in regard to indoor air, soil,
surface water and groundwater (3.2.2);
6)
3) Definition of clusters of products that behave similarly in release tests (basic release
scenario) and therefore can be assessed by one horizontal standard (3.2.3);
4) Relevant substances or products for content measurement/test (3.2.4);
5) Combination of individual measurement and test methods to an appropriate test programme
to allow the determination of the relevant properties and the assessment of the results
(3.2.5);
b) Recommendations regarding the implementation of testing procedures in the overall framework of
the CPD (3.3):
 Review of the suitability of horizontal test standards for construction products (3.3.1);
 Mechanisms for the identification of required amendments of horizontal standards or in special
cases vertical standards for specific products or product families (3.3.2);
 The role of intended conditions of use in the definition of test conditions (3.3.3);
 Solutions for harmonized technical specifications: recommendations for addressing the subject of
regulated dangerous substances and for inclusion of the measurements of emission of regulated
dangerous substances in their testing programme (3.3.4);
 Use of the expertise of product Technical Committees when drafting the horizontal test standards
(3.3.5);
 Recommendations for complete testing schemes which take into account all relevant elements
according to the methods for the control and attestation of conformity according to Annex III of
the CPD (3.3.6).
When judging the relevance of construction products for environment and health it was not possible to
investigate in detail all currently applicable regulations for ER 3 in the member states for this report.
Therefore the assessment of the relevance of products has been carried out on technical grounds.
Before the horizontal test concept proposed in this report can be applied to any certain product
covered by a hEN further administrative steps are necessary. It is expected that the European
Commission will amend the standardisation mandates for construction products under the CPD step
by step during the next years. For the preparation of the mandate amendments the applicable notified
regulations will be scrutinised more thoroughly than was possible for this report. Therefore not all
construction products identified as relevant here may necessarily be affected by the mandate
amendments in the future. Only the construction products covered by mandate amendments for ER 3
need or are allowed to implement ER 3 in CE marking in the future.
The document CEN/TC 351 N 0230rev ('indicative list of regulated dangerous substances') lists
substances and parameters, which CEN TC 351 should look at when assessing the availability of test

elaborated for complete testing schemes which take into account all relevant elements according to the methods
for the Attestation of Conformity (see Annex III of the CPD).
6) Please note that the concept of clusters may not lead to any contradiction with the requirements of the main
part of mandate M/366. Especially the clusters must be compatible with horizontal test standards.
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methods and the need for developing harmonised test methods. With this document the Commission
and its Expert Group on Dangerous Substances in the field of Construction Products (EGDS) provide
guidance as foreseen in Mandate M/366 for CEN/TC 351 and all product TCs and EOTA WGs in the
construction sector. The term 'substances' in this report refers to the substances listed in document
N 0230rev.
3.2 Recommendations on testing procedures
7)
3.2.1 Release/emission tests
This paragraph describes the role of release/emission tests in the assessment of products and gives
recommendations for release/emission tests.
The use of release/emission tests as a tool for the assessment of the environmental and health
effects of construction works and the construction products used in them has been increasing during
the last decade. Some EU Member states refer to emission tests in a binding way in their building
regulations. CEN/TC 351 has provided harmonised draft standards for three release/emission tests
that have been used most widely so far. These release/emission tests are described in detail in
Chapter 2. CEN/TC 351 recommends the use of these release/emission tests when implementing the
essential requirement 'Hygiene, health and the environment' of the CPD in harmonised technical
specifications for construction products. The test methods for radiation are not addressed here. They
will be dealt with by Task Group 6 (TG 6) of CEN/TC 351.
Mandate M/366 requires the horizontal, harmonised methods to be based on existing test
methods/standards as far as possible. The general requirements for horizontal standards used to
test/evaluate construction products on their emission of dangerous substances in their intended
conditions of use under the CPD are the following:
 Integrate the requirements of current valid, notified regulations on emission of dangerous
substances applicable to products and/or construction works;
 Make use of existing test methods for release/emission from construction products;
 Provide for tests that are efficient, precise enough, reliable and applicable for the products to be
tested;
 Take into account current developments in legislation and in evaluation of release/emissions as
far as they are well enough established to be included, without extra development time;
 Include a 'hierarchy of testing' in line with the methods for the control of conformity under the
CPD, i.e. a reference test used for initial type testing (ITT) and a simplified test for factory
production control (FPC);
 Cover construction products mandated under the CPD.
The tests recommended in Clauses 4 and 5 have been chosen and amended in line with these
requirements.

7) The terms 'emission' and 'release' have fundamentally the same meaning. However it is convention to use
the term 'emission' when describing liberation of chemical substances or radiation into indoor air and to use the
term 'release' when describing the liberation of chemical substances into soil, surface water or ground water (see
CEN/TC 351 N 0218).
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3.2.2 Relevant products
3.2.2.1 General
All products mandated under the CPD are obliged to fulfil ER3. The mandate M/366 refers to products
that (1) are or risk becoming subject to technical barriers to trade arising from regulated dangerous
substances and (2) influence the satisfaction of ER3 by the construction works, in which they are
incorporated in. This chapter identifies products that are potentially relevant in regard to indoor air, soil,
surface water and groundwater due their intended use and the nature of the products. Only the
currently starting revision process of the product mandates will actually show, whether tests for these
products will become relevant in a mandatory context. The lists presented in Annex A contain the
product groups that have been considered by TG 2. The information presented is based on a
questionnaire enquiry of CEN construction product TCs and EOTA [4] as well as on other available
8)
documents from the EGDS, CEN and EOTA. For some products or product groups content
regulation may imply that the content of one or more specific substances be measured. In this report
that issue is not addressed for product or product groups that are not susceptible for release or
emission of dangerous substances.
The horizontal tests to be harmonised for assessing release into soil, surface and groundwater and
emissions into indoor air need to be applicable to as many products covered by regulation as
technically feasible. A preliminary assessment is made whether construction products covered by
CEN/TCs and EOTA WGs may potentially release substances to soil, surface water and groundwater
or emit into indoor air during service life. The main criterion to judge relevance beyond the regulatory
requirements is whether the product is, under conditions of intended use, used outdoors and exposed
to soil, ground, rain and/or surface water or indoors in contact with indoor air. From 65 CEN/TCs and
32 EOTA WGs identified by CEN/TC 351 as belonging to the construction sector, not all of them deal
with products that may potentially release substances to soil, groundwater and/or surface water or
emit into indoor air (see Annex A).
3.2.2.2 Products relevant for soil, surface water or groundwater
Based on technical considerations (see further ref. [4]), products that may immediately release
substances to soil, surface water and groundwater are deemed relevant. Constituents that may
contribute to release as a part of another product are deemed relevant, when they are mandated
under the CPD and covered by independent hEN or ETAs. Such constituents are treated as products
under the CPD.
Products only used in interiors or embedded in structures without water contact do not release
substances into soil or water during service life and are therefore not considered relevant here.
Tables A.1 and A.2 in Annex A show the mandated work under the CPD in the CEN/TCs and EOTA
WGs. The mandates that cover products with potential leaching into soil or water during service life
have been g
...