SIST EN ISO 16793:2021
(Main)Nuclear fuel technology - Guidelines for ceramographic preparation of UO2 sintered pellets for microstructure examination (ISO 16793:2018)
Nuclear fuel technology - Guidelines for ceramographic preparation of UO2 sintered pellets for microstructure examination (ISO 16793:2018)
This document describes the ceramographic preparation of uranium dioxide (UO2) sintered pellets for qualitative and quantitative microstructure examinations.
These examinations can be carried out before and after thermal or chemical etching.
They enable
— observations of fissures, inter- or intra-granular pores and inclusions, and
— measurement of pore and grain size and measurement of pore and grain size distributions.
The measurement of average grain size can be carried out using a classical counting method as described in ISO 2624 or ASTM E112[3], i.e. intercept procedure, comparison with standard grids or reference photographs.
The measurement of pore-size distributions is usually carried out by an automatic image analyser. If the grain-size distributions are also measured with an image analyser, it is recommended that thermal etching be used to reveal the grain structure uniformly throughout the whole sample.
Kernbrennstofftechnologie - Leitfaden für die keramographische Herstellung gesinterter UO2-Pellets zur Untersuchung des Feingefüges (ISO 16793:2018)
Technologie du combustible nucléaire - Lignes directrices pour la préparation céramographique de pastilles UO2 frittées pour l'examen de la microstructure (ISO 16793:2018)
Le présent document décrit la préparation céramographique de pastilles de dioxyde d'uranium (UO2) frittées, permettant de réaliser des examens qualitatifs et quantitatifs de leur microstructure.
Ces examens peuvent être réalisés avant et après une attaque chimique ou thermique.
Ils permettent
— l'observation des fissures, des pores intergranulaires ou intragranulaires et des inclusions, et
— le mesurage de la taille des grains et de la porosité, ainsi que de leur distribution.
Le mesurage de la taille moyenne des grains peut être effectué par une méthode courante de comptage décrite dans l'ISO 2624 ou l'ASTM E112[3], c'est-à-dire une méthode par interception, comparaison avec des grilles normalisées ou avec des images types.
Le mesurage de la distribution des tailles de pores est généralement effectué par un analyseur d'images automatique. Si la distribution granulométrique est également mesurée avec un analyseur d'images, il est recommandé d'utiliser une attaque thermique pour révéler de façon uniforme la structure des grains de l'ensemble de l'échantillon.
Tehnologija jedrskih goriv - Smernice za pripravo keramografske preiskave mikrostrukture za sintrane pelete UO2 (ISO 16793:2018)
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 16793:2021
01-april-2021
Tehnologija jedrskih goriv - Smernice za pripravo keramografske preiskave
mikrostrukture za sintrane pelete UO2 (ISO 16793:2018)
Nuclear fuel technology - Guidelines for ceramographic preparation of UO2 sintered
pellets for microstructure examination (ISO 16793:2018)
Technologie du combustible nucléaire - Lignes directrices pour la préparation
céramographique de pastilles UO2 frittées pour l'examen de la microstructure (ISO
16793:2018)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 16793:2021
ICS:
27.120.30 Cepljivi materiali in jedrska Fissile materials and nuclear
gorivna tehnologija fuel technology
SIST EN ISO 16793:2021 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 16793:2021
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SIST EN ISO 16793:2021
EN ISO 16793
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
February 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 27.120.30
English Version
Nuclear fuel technology - Guidelines for ceramographic
preparation of UO2 sintered pellets for microstructure
examination (ISO 16793:2018)
Technologie du combustible nucléaire - Lignes
directrices pour la préparation céramographique de
pastilles UO2 frittées pour l'examen de la
microstructure (ISO 16793:2018)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 January 2021.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 16793:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 16793:2021
EN ISO 16793:2021 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
2
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SIST EN ISO 16793:2021
EN ISO 16793:2021 (E)
European foreword
The text of ISO 16793:2018 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 85 "Nuclear energy,
nuclear technologies, and radiological protection” of the International Organization for Standardization
(ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 16793:2021 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 430 “Nuclear
energy, nuclear technologies, and radiological protection” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2021, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by August 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 16793:2018 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 16793:2021 without any modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 16793:2021
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SIST EN ISO 16793:2021
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16793
Second edition
2018-08
Nuclear fuel technology — Guidelines
for ceramographic preparation of UO
2
sintered pellets for microstructure
examination
Technologie du combustible nucléaire — Lignes directrices pour la
préparation céramographique de pastilles UO frittées pour l'examen
2
de la microstructure
Reference number
ISO 16793:2018(E)
©
ISO 2018
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SIST EN ISO 16793:2021
ISO 16793:2018(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 16793:2021
ISO 16793:2018(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 1
5 Procedures . 2
5.1 General . 2
5.2 Sample preparation without mounting . 2
5.3 Sample preparation with mounting, not needing subsequent dismounting . 2
5.4 Sample preparation with mounting, needing subsequent dismounting . 2
6 Apparatus . 2
7 Reagents and consumables . 3
8 Methods . 4
8.1 Sectioning . 4
8.2 Mounting . 4
8.3 Grinding . 4
8.4 Polishing . 5
8.5 Dismounting . 5
9 Etching . 5
9.1 Introduction . 5
9.2 Chemical etching . 5
9.3 Thermal etching . 5
Bibliography . 8
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 16793:2021
ISO 16793:2018(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specifi
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 16793:2020
01-november-2020
Tehnologija jedrskih goriv - Smernice za pripravo keramografske preiskave
mikrostrukture za sintrane pelete UO2 (ISO 16793:2018)
Nuclear fuel technology - Guidelines for ceramographic preparation of UO2 sintered
pellets for microstructure examination (ISO 16793:2018)
Technologie du combustible nucléaire - Lignes directrices pour la préparation
céramographique de pastilles UO2 frittées pour l'examen de la microstructure (ISO
16793:2018)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 16793
ICS:
27.120.30 Cepljivi materiali in jedrska Fissile materials and nuclear
gorivna tehnologija fuel technology
oSIST prEN ISO 16793:2020 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 16793:2020
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 16793:2020
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16793
Second edition
2018-08
Nuclear fuel technology — Guidelines
for ceramographic preparation of UO
2
sintered pellets for microstructure
examination
Technologie du combustible nucléaire — Lignes directrices pour la
préparation céramographique de pastilles UO frittées pour l'examen
2
de la microstructure
Reference number
ISO 16793:2018(E)
©
ISO 2018
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 16793:2020
ISO 16793:2018(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2018
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 16793:2020
ISO 16793:2018(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 1
5 Procedures . 2
5.1 General . 2
5.2 Sample preparation without mounting . 2
5.3 Sample preparation with mounting, not needing subsequent dismounting . 2
5.4 Sample preparation with mounting, needing subsequent dismounting . 2
6 Apparatus . 2
7 Reagents and consumables . 3
8 Methods . 4
8.1 Sectioning . 4
8.2 Mounting . 4
8.3 Grinding . 4
8.4 Polishing . 5
8.5 Dismounting . 5
9 Etching . 5
9.1 Introduction . 5
9.2 Chemical etching . 5
9.3 Thermal etching . 5
Bibliography . 8
© ISO 2018 – All rights reserved iii
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oSIST prEN ISO 16793:2020
ISO 16793:2018(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www .iso .org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 85, Nuclear energy, nuclear technologies,
and radiological protection, Subcommittee SC 5, Nuclear installations, processes and technologies.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 16793:2005), which has been technically
revised.
iv © ISO 2018 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO 16793:2020
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16793:2018(E)
Nuclear fuel technology — Guidelines for ceramographic
preparation of UO sintered pellets for microstructure
2
examination
1 Scope
This document describes the ceramographic preparation of uranium dioxide (UO ) sintered pellets for
2
qualitative and quantitative microstructure examinations.
These examinations can be carried out before and after thermal or chemical etching.
They enable
— observations of fissures, inter- or intra-granular pores and inclusions, and
— measurement of pore and grain size and measurement of pore and grain size distributions.
The measurement of average grain size can be carried out using a classical counting method as
[3]
described in ISO 2624 or ASTM E112 , i.e. intercept procedure, comparison with standard grids or
reference photographs.
The measurement of pore-size distributions is usually carried out by an automatic image analyser. If
the grain-size distributions are also measured with an image analyser, it is recommended that thermal
etching be used to reveal the grain structure uniformly throughout the whole sample.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
No terms and definitions are listed in this document.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for
...
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