SIST EN 14910:2007

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Garden equipment - Walk-behind combustion engine powered trimmers - SafetyMatériel de jardinage - Coupe-gazon a moteur et a conducteur a pied - SécuritéGartengeräte - Handgeführte Trimmer mit Verbrennungsmotor - SicherheitTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14910:2007SIST EN 14910:2007en,fr,de65.060.70Vrtnarska opremaHorticultural equipmentICS:SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 14910:200701-september-2007







EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 14910May 2007ICS 65.060.70 English VersionGarden equipment - Walk-behind combustion engine poweredtrimmers - SafetyMatériel de jardinage - Coupe-gazon à moteur et àconducteur à pied - SécuritéGartengeräte - Handgeführte Trimmer mitVerbrennungsmotor - SicherheitThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 March 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2007 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14910:2007: E



EN 14910:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.4 Introduction.5 1 Scope.6 2 Normative references.6 3 Terms and definitions.7 4 List of significant hazards.8 5 Safety requirements and/or measures and means of verification.9 5.1 General.9 5.2 Guards.9 5.2.1 General.9 5.2.2 Power driven components (other than the cutting means).9 5.2.3 Guarding of cutting means.10 5.2.4 Hot surfaces.11 5.3 Protection from exhaust fumes.12 5.4 Liquid spillage.12 5.5 Tank openings.12 5.6 Controls.13 5.7 Electrical requirements for battery circuits and high tension ignition circuits.13 5.7.1 Electrical cables.13 5.7.2 Battery installation.13 5.7.3 Overload protection.13 5.7.4 Terminals and un-insulated electrical parts.13 5.7.5 High voltage parts.14 5.8 Engine stopping and starting.14 5.9 Handle construction.14 5.10 Vibration.14 5.10.1 Reduction by design and protective measures.14 5.10.2 Reduction by information.15 5.10.3 Vibration measurement.15 5.11 Noise.15 5.11.1 Reduction as a safety requirement.15 5.11.2 Noise emission measurement.16 5.12 Cutting means.16 5.12.1 General.16 5.12.2 Cutting elements.16 5.13 Mechanical strength and rigidity.16 5.13.1 General.16 5.13.2 Cutting means guard (mechanical strength and rigidity).17 5.13.3 Mechanical strength of cutting head.17 6 Information for use.18 6.1 Instructions for use.18 6.2 Marking.19 6.2.1 Minimum marking.19 6.2.2 Warnings.19 6.2.3 Cutting head.20 6.2.4 Marking durability.20 6.2.5 Test.20



EN 14910:2007 (E) 3 Annex A (normative)
Vibration (see 5.10).28 A.1 Quantities to be measured.28 A.2 Instrumentation.28 A.2.1 General.28 A.2.2 Fastening of transducer.28 A.2.3 Calibration.28 A.3 Measurement direction and measurement location.28 A.3.1 Measurement direction.28 A.3.2 Measurement location.28 A.4 Test procedure.29 A.4.1 Determination of working procedure.29 A.4.2 Test method.29 A.5 Measurement procedure.29 A.6 Determination of the measurement result.29 Annex B (normative)
Noise test code — Engineering method (grade 2) (see 5.11).32 B.1 General.32 B.2 Scope.32 B.3 Sound power level determination.32 B.4 A-weighted emission sound pressure level determination.34 B.5 Requirements for test floor.34 B.5.1 Artificial surface.34 B.5.2 Natural grass.35 B.6 Installation, mounting and operating conditions.35 B.7 Information to be recorded and reported.36 B.8 Measurement uncertainties and declaration of noise emission values.36 Annex C (informative)
Example of a material and construction fulfilling the requirements for an artificial surface as required by B.5.1.37 C.1 Material.37 C.2 Construction.37 Annex D (normative)
Calculation of kinetic energy (see 5.12.1).39 Annex E (normative)
Safety signs for use on trimmers (see 6.2.2).40 Annex F (informative)
Safety instructions.43 F.1 Introduction.43 F.2 General provisions.43 F.3 Safe operating practices.43 F.3.1 Training.43 F.3.2 Preparation.43 F.3.3 Operation.44 F.3.4 Maintenance and storage.45 Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC, amended by Directive 98/79/EC.46 Bibliography.47



EN 14910:2007 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 14910:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 144 “Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2007. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.



EN 14910:2007 (E) 5 Introduction This European Standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100-1. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this European Standard. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.



EN 14910:2007 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to walk-behind trimmers, powered by a combustion engine, with cutting means using non-metallic filament line or freely pivoting non-metallic cutter(s), of which the cutting elements rely on centrifugal force to achieve cutting with the kinetic energy of a single cutting element not exceeding 10 J, designed for cutting grass or similar plant material, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). This European Standard is not applicable to: a) walk-behind trimmers with cutting means other than those described above; b) self propelled walk-behind trimmers or walk-behind edge trimmers; c) lawnmowers using non-metallic filament line or freely pivoting non-metallic cutting elements with greater than 10 J kinetic energy; NOTE 1
EN 836 applies for machines using non-metallic filament line or freely pivoting non-metallic cutting elements with greater than 10 J kinetic energy. d) motor mowers using metal or other solid cutting elements. NOTE 2 EN 12733 applies for machines using metal or other solid cutting elements. EMC and environmental hazards other than noise have not been considered in this European Standard. This European Standard is not applicable to walk-behind trimmers which are manufactured before the date of its publication as EN. NOTE 3 Lawn trimmers and lawn edge trimmers (electric powered) are dealt with in EN 786, grass trimmers (internal combustion engine powered) are dealt with in EN 11806 and lawn mowers (internal combustion engine powered) are dealt with in EN 836. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 294:1992, Safety of machinery — Safety distance to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs EN 1033:1995, Hand-arm vibration — Laboratory measurement of vibration at the grip surface of hand-guided machinery — General EN ISO 354:2003, Acoustics — Measurement of sound absorption in a reverberation room (ISO 354:2003) EN ISO 3744:1995, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound pressure — Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744:1994) EN ISO 11201:1995, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Measurement of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions — Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 11201:1995)



EN 14910:2007 (E) 7 EN ISO 11688-1:1998, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment — Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995) EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003) 3 Terms and definitions For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the following apply. 3.1 walk-behind ground supported, possibly by wheels or air cushion and controlled by the operator walking behind (see Figure 1) 3.2 trimmer grass trimming machine where the cutting means operates in a plane approximately parallel to the ground (see Figure 1 for example of a walk-behind trimmer) NOTE Throughout the remainder of this European Standard, the term “trimmer” is used to refer to walk-behind trimmers. 3.3 cutting means mechanism used to provide the cutting action in which one or more cutting elements, cutting by impact, are supported by a cutting head and rotate about an axis normal to the cutting plane (see Figure 2 (a)) 3.4 cutting element single non-metallic filament line or freely pivoting non-metallic cutter (see Figure 5) 3.5 cutting head support system for the cutting element (see Figures 2 (a) and 2 (b)) 3.6 cutting means control device activated by the operator's hand or finger, for controlling the cutting means movement 3.7 edge trimmer grass trimming machine where the cutting means operates in a plane approximately perpendicular to the ground 3.8 maximum operating engine speed highest engine speed obtainable when adjusted in accordance with the manufacturers specification and/or instructions with the cutting means engaged



EN 14910:2007 (E) 8 3.9 operator presence control control designed so that it will automatically interrupt power to a drive when the operator’s actuating force is removed 4 List of significant hazards For the purposes of this European Standard, Table 1 gives, for defined danger zones, all the significant hazards, the significant hazardous situations and events covered by this European Standard, that have been identified by risk assessment as being significant for this type of machine, and which require specific action to eliminate or to reduce the risk. The attention is drawn to the necessity to verify that the safety requirements specified in this European Standard apply to each significant hazard presented by a given machine and to validate that the risk assessment is complete with particular attention to:  intended use of the machine including maintenance, setting and cleaning and its reasonably foreseeable misuse; 
identification of all significant hazards associated with the machine. Table 1 — List of significant hazards associated with walk-behind trimmers Ref. No.
Hazard Location
Reference of this European Standard 1 Mechanical hazards due to: 1.1 Inadequacy of mechanical strength Guards, cutting head
5.13 1.2 Shearing hazard Moving parts 5.1, 5.2.2, Annex F 1.3 Cutting or severing hazard Moving parts and cutting means 5.1, 5.2.2, 5.2.3, 5.9, 5.12, 6.1, 6.2, Annex D, Annex F 1.4 Entanglement hazard Moving parts 5.1, 5.2.2, 5.2.3, 5.12, 6.1, 6.2, Annex F 1.5 Impact hazard Thrown objects 5.2.3 2
Electrical hazards due to: 2.1 Contact of persons with live parts under high voltage (direct or indirect contact) Live parts 5.7.1, 5.7.4, 5.7.5 2.2 Projection of molten particles and chemical effects from short circuits, overloads, etc. Electric circuits 5.7.3 3 Thermal hazards such as burns by a possible contact of persons with engine exhaust parts with a high temperature,
Hot exhaust parts 5.2.4 4 Hazards generated by noise such as hearing loss (deafness), other physiological disorders (e.g. loss of balance, loss of awareness), and interference with auditory signals and speech communication Engine, transmission, cutting means 5.11, 6.1, 6.2, Annex B, Annex C, Annex F 5 Hazards generated by vibration such as the use of hand-held machines resulting in a variety of neurological and vascular disorders Handles 5.10, 6.1, Annex A



EN 14910:2007 (E) 9 Ref. No.
Hazard Location
Reference of this European Standard 6 Hazards generated by materials and substances
Engine exhaust
5.3,
6.1
Battery
5.4, 5.7.2 6.1 Hazards from contact with or inhalation of harmful fluids, gases, mists, fumes, and dusts Fuel 5.4, 5.5, 6.1
6.2 Fire or explosion hazard Fuel 5.4, 5.5, 5.7.1, 6.1, Annex F 7 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles in machinery design
Controls 5.6 7.1 Consideration of hand-arm or foot-leg anatomy Handles 5.9 7.2 Neglected use of personal protection equipment Eyes and ears 6.1, Annex F 7.3 Human error, human behaviour Guards 5.2 7.4 Unauthorised start-up/use Removable key 5.8 7.5 Inadequate design, location or identification of manual controls Controls 5.6 Cutting means control 5.6, 6.2 8 Hazards due to unexpected start-up, unexpected over-run
Engine stopping 5.7.4, 5.8 Cutting means 5.12 9 Hazards due to break-up during operation Cutting head 5.13.3, 6.2.3 10 Hazards due to insufficient instructions for the driver/operator Instructions for use 6.1, 6.2, Annex E, Annex F 5 Safety requirements and/or measures and means of verification 5.1 General Trimmers shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause. In addition, the trimmer shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100 for relevant but not significant hazards, which are not dealt with by this European Standard. 5.2 Guards 5.2.1 General It shall not be possible to fit or adjust any guard required by this European Standard so that it does not comply with the requirements of this European Standard. Compliance shall be checked by inspection. 5.2.2 Power driven components (other than the cutting means) All power driven transmission parts shall be guarded to prevent the operator's contact with these parts. All guards required by this European Standard shall be fixed guards as defined in 3.25.1 of EN 12100-1:2003 or the construction of the trimmer shall be such that it cannot be used without the guard in its guarding position as defined in 3.25.4 of EN 12100-1:2003. All apertures and safety distances shall conform to 4.5.1, 4.5.3 and Table 4 of EN 294:1992. Compliance shall be checked by inspection.



EN 14910:2007 (E) 10 5.2.3 Guarding of cutting means 5.2.3.1 The cutting means of trimmers shall be at least guarded either according to 5.2.3.2 or 5.2.3.3. The guarding shall also be subject to the foot probe test of 5.2.3.4. 5.2.3.2 The cutting means of trimmers shall be guarded on the operator's side as a minimum, by a fixed, rigid, imperforate guard to the extent shown in Figure 2 (a). The radius 'X' of the guard shall not be smaller than the major swept radius of the cutting head, and the guard shall extend beyond the plane of the cutting element by at least 3 mm. The guard shall extend at least 45° from the axis of the handle shaft(s) on the side where the cutting element is moving away from the operator and at least 90° from the axis of the handle shaft(s) on the side where the cutting element is moving towards the operator. The vertex of the angles lies on the axis of the cutting head spindle. Compliance shall be checked by inspection and measurement. 5.2.3.3 The guarding of cutting means shall be ensured by two fixed, imperforate guards as shown in Figure 2 (b) which meets the following criteria: Upper guard:  guard shall be rigid with a width at least equal to the maximum cutting width;  whole of the upper edge of the guard shall be on or above a line passing through the outermost point of the cutting means path and a point 2 000 mm above the ground at a distance of (330 ± 2,5) mm behind the handle grip(s) (see Figure 2 (b));  whole of the guard shall be behind a plane which is at right angles to the rearmost point of the cutting means tip circle. Lower guard:  flexible rear flap (see Figure 2 (b)) whose width is (W +0/-10) mm where W is the distance between the wheels along their axis of rotation. The lower edge of the flap shall be located not more than 10 mm above the ground when the cutting head is touching the ground. The mounting position of the flap shall be on, or not more than 150 mm behind the vertical plane passing through the axis of the ground wheels. The minimum material specification for the lower guard shall be:  material
textile reinforced rubber;  thickness
2 mm;  specific gravity
1,65;  hardness
70 Shore A;  tensile strength
3 MPa;  elongation
300 %;  temperature range - 20 °C to + 70 °C;  tear strength
15 N/mm2. Compliance shall be checked by inspection and measurement.



EN 14910:2007 (E) 11 5.2.3.4 Foot probe test 5.2.3.4.1 Test equipment The test probe shall be as illustrated in Figure 3. 5.2.3.4.2 Test method The guards shall be in the normal operating position and the trimmer support members shall be in contact with the supporting surface. The trimmer shall be placed on a hard flat surface and set to either the highest or lowest cut, whichever is the most unfavourable. For trimmers with only two wheels the test shall be carried out both with the cutting head, set to its lowest height of cut, touching the ground and then with the height of the top of the handle(s) set to 900 mm. Components such as wheels and frames shall be considered as part of the guarding for the purpose of this test. The test shall be conducted with the trimmer and the cutting means stationary. Add foot probe test from the rear (for wheeled trimmers this between the rear wheels). The trimmer shall be positioned on a hard level surface. The tests shall be made with the cutting means in the highest and lowest cutting positions. The probe shall be applied from the rear of the trimmer at any point between the rear wheels. Whilst applying the probe its movements shall be limited as follows: a) base of the probe may be inclined forwards or backwards by up to 15° and b) probe may be on or at any height above the supporting surface and c) probe shall be applied with a horizontal force of 20 N. The probe shall also be applied to the trimmer within an angle of 60° on either side of the direction of any starting position designated by the manufacturer. The 60° angles shall have their vertices at the centre of rotation of the blade nearest to the operator. 5.2.3.4.3 Test acceptance The test probe shall not enter the path of the cutting means assembly. 5.2.4 Hot surfaces 5.2.4.1 General Exposed engine exhaust components having a surface temperature greater than 80 °C at (20 ± 3) °C ambient temperature shall be guarded so they are not accessible to unintentional contact during normal operation of the trimmer. These components which shall include the exhaust guard are considered accessible if the area contactable by the appropriate cone is larger than 10 cm2. Compliance shall be checked by the test of 5.2.4.2.



EN 14910:2007 (E) 12 5.2.4.2 Test for accessibility of hot surfaces1) 5.2.4.2.1 Temperature measuring equipment The temperature measuring equipment shall have an accuracy of ± 4 °C. 5.2.4.2.2 Test method The engine shall be operated at its maximum operating engi
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